US79267A - Jebsey city - Google Patents

Description

S; SKILLMAN.

GAR TRUCK Patented June 23, 1868.

52% a fa re W'i'ivzes'ses git-inn gums gal-mt @ffir n Letters Patent'Np. 79,267, datedifzme 23, 1868; antcdated June 16, 1,868;

IMPROVEMENT -IN OAR TRUUKS.

(31 's fittehnle Itftll'til it in ilgtstldtfitfi haunt nit making saint it: same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY GONOERN: I

Be it known that I, SIDrii-IY SKILIAIA'N, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Cars, for Metropolitan and other railroads; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full an d exact description thereof.

I will first describe what I consider the best means of carrying out my invention, and will afterwards designate the points which I believe to be new. The accompanying drawings 'forma part of this specification.

-=Figure l is a. side'view, part ly in section. v U

Figure 2 is a cross-section, and

Figure} is a plan view, parly in section.

Figure 4 is a view of a modification. I

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding partsin all the figures, where theyoccur.

The drawings represent the novel parts, with so much of the other parts as is nebessary to indicate their relation thereto.

A is the body of the ear. The end in whieh'the passengers are carried is supported by a truck, or other- \vise, in anyof the approved styles. The end which carries theeuginc and boiler rstsupon a truck, B, having two pairsjcf wheels, 6 b, with two engii 1'es C, acting on cranks at right angles to each other so as to give a continuous rotatory motiouto the wheels of the truck, which thus perform the functions of drivingwheels for the entirestructure. The boiler D- stunds near the centre of the truck 13, and its smoke-pipe, (Z, extendsup through the roof of the car A. So far asihas been yet described, my improved dummy agrees with those which have been before known. i I p G is a stout-ring surrounding the boiler, and having truunions gg which receive correspondingly recessed the ring G by means of these arms resting on these trunnions. H is another ring, also surrounding the boiler and adapted to turn or swivel'around on its annular bearing, ontho surface of the truck B. There are trnnnions, h hfiwhich fit in corresponding recesses on the upper side of the ring H, before described. These recesses 3 'l are at right angles to tlietrunnions g" 1 7 By this arrangement the truck is allowed to swivel on'its centre, the centre of motion coinciding with the centre of the boiler, so that both are inthe centre ofthe truck. Any reasonable amount of oscillation in every arms A A" extending out from the body, A, of the car. The weight of this end of tlie body is transmitted to i direction is also allowed. In case the truck rises on one side in passing over an uneven part of the road, a

rocking is performed on the trunnions h h. In case the truck rocks forward and backward, in pitching over obstacles or uneven places, the rocking is performed on the trunnions k h Irregular oscillations of nll'kinds' may be performed by the joint action of this apparatus. I is a bearing-piece, supported on'the truck B, in n position nearer the centre of the car-body, A,"th an the boiler D. This supports a portion of the weight of the car-body. That portion is transmitted throughthepind, and bears, or is ready to hear, at all times ou this piece I. Whenthe truck swivels around on the ring H,'it is irecessary that this bearing-piece I shall move sidewise on the truck. This is provided for by the ways or guides K Kfl which prevent the bearing-piece I from moving forward or backward to any great extent, and allowit to move laterally as for as is ever necessary: -Then the ways maybe curved or straight; In case they are curved, theyshould be struck from the centredfthe boiler. But it is somewhat cheaper tomake them straight, and in most casesI propose to so construct them, and to provide forthe? necessarily curvilinear motion of the bearing-piece I by simply placing the guides K K farther apart than would be otherwise necessary, SO'tI-S to allow some play forward and bhckward;

In locomotive-cars heretofore constructed, it has been common to provide a floor for the engineer, which fi'oor is'a part of the car-body, A end not a. part of the truck 13. In my improved construction, no such floor irint'roduced. The engineer stands directly upon .the truck B. The fuel, water, &c., may be also supported directly upon the truck.

Boilers and engines of-dummies or loccmotivc-cars are peculiarly subject to be rocked and strained, and many failures have resulted from this cause. I deem it a very important matter, the result of much experience and reflection, to fix the cylinders 0 C not, as heretofore, directly upon the boiler, but upon the framing L, which receives all the contractile and dis tending force due to. the-action of'the engines, and'lenves the boiler free to expand and contract with heat, or spring and work in anyjdirceti'on, as desired. The framing is analogens in effect to that employed in locomotives. I

I arrange the cylinders C over the wheels, instead of forward of them. This reduces the length of the dummy. The increase in the bulk of tire mechanism above the wheels induces no considerable evil.

The connection of my stock to the other parts is peculiar. The hole P is formed in the roof of the car, a little larger than the stack (1. The stack d is tilted to the boiler at the junction, and is sustained by braces M, which radiate obliquely from the sides of the stack below. the roof ofthe car, and hook into eyes N, provided in the top of the boiler. The hooks m; by which these connections are formed, are made intentionally very slight. They are sufficiently strong to support the stack d against all ordinary agitations and concussions; but when, in consequence of running oil the track, of any other derangement, the stack is struck with violence against the roof of 'the car, so as to strongly deflect it to one side, these hooks may break or straighten, and the stack will be allowed to bedeilected toany extent desired without further injury. On righting the work again, new hooks may be applied at an expense of a few cents, and all is again restored.

It will be readily understooddthat the positions oi" the twobearings, to wit, the bearing on the ring ,H and the bearing on the bearing-piece I, will cause the .load to .be divided unequally between the two at intervals,

when the dummy is traversing over uneven parts oftho road. In passing through a hollow port of the road,

for example, the truck will tilt forward, so as to take the greater portion of the load on the ring H. In passing over a ridge, the forward edge of the truck will tilt downward, and the greater portion of the load will be received on the bearing-piece I..- This evil maybe reduced bymaking the arms A A highly elastic, and I propose in some instances to make the connections of the body, A, to both the bearings elastic, that is to say, using a half-elliptic spring, or other-convenient form of spring, in place'oi' each of the arms A A, and a rubber spring or other suitable device in place of the rigid connection of the pinJ.

I do notconsider it vitally important to the success oi" other portions of my invention to employ two bearings, H and I. I propose in some instances to support that portion oi" the car-body efi'ectuallyupon the ring H, and in others to support it effectually upon the bearing-piece I. In the latter caseI can keep the boiler in the centre of the truck, as now represented, or can move it. forward somewhat, but in either case the hearing I will be considerably out oi the centre and town-rd the rear of the truck 13, but 'it will be Forward of the rear axle.

In order to disconnect my car-body from the truck, I construct all the parts, so that it may be lifted by jack-screws or other convenient power to such a height as -tomove the truck,,witlr its connections, directly out from under it.

In order to remove the truck for repairs, or any other purpose, I disconnect the braces M by unhooking the hooks m, and carefully lifting the stack out of connection with the boiler. I raise the body A either bodily or by tilting-it up so as to raise the end which encloses the boiler and upper works oiv the truck. The object is then readily efIected.

I attach'a high degree of importance tothe location of the bearing 1 when it is used alone, that is to my;

without the bearing around the boiler. -It must, as before remarked, be over or 11. little forward of the rear axle, in order to be properly supported, but it must be considerably in the rear of the centre of the truck B, in order both to equalize the load on the wheels, the boiler being forward, and to get a suflicient load upon the rear wheels to prevent their mounting the rails, and thus running off the track in running backwards.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new in steam-cars Hid desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows: I

1. I claim the swivelling of'the truck n a centre coincident with the centre of the boiler, by means of the swivelling-ring H, arranged substantially as herein described.

2. I claim, in connection'with the above, the tilting ring G, turning on the centres g g and hlt, arranged substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. I claim, in combination with the boiler D, located at orforward of the centre of the truck, the employment of a bearing, I, in rear of the centre of the truck, so arranged as to support or aid in supporting the weight of the car in snch manner as to throw more of its weight upon the rear than upon the front axle of the truck, substantially. as and for the purposes herein set forth.

4. I claim the within-described arrangement of the hole 1?, stack 02, boiler D, and weak braces M or their equivalents, adapted to operate together in the manner herein specified.

SIDNEY SKILLMAN.

Witnesses:

W. 0. Der, F. A. Hem'cxn.

Images