US792320A - Combined plumb and level. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 13, 1905.

C. J. DBWAINE.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.26,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 792,320. PATENTED JUNE 13, 1905. C. J. DEWAINE.

COMBINED PLUMB AND LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rinvzntor Patented June 13, 1905.

PATENT CEETQE.

CHARLES J. DENVAINE, ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

COMBINED PLUIVIB AND LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 792,320, dated June 13, 1905.

Application filed August 26, 1904. Serial No. 222,280.

'1'0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES J. DEWAINE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Plumb and Level, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide an instrument for leveling and plumbing work which is sensitive and not afitected by wind, thus being free from the annoyance incident to the use of the ordinary plumb and level, and which will enable the parts to be accurately adjusted and conveniently and easily assembled.

For a full description of the invention and the merits thereof and also to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means for effecting the result reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings.

lVhile the essential and characteristic features of the invention are susceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation or face view of a plumb and level embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail vertical section through the slotted guide-plate and adjustable carrier for the upper end of the plumb-line. Fig. 5 is a rear face view of the washer member thereof. Fig. 6 is a detail longitudinal section of the parts shown in Fig. 4.. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the cap or shield for the plumb-bob. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modification in the construction of the instrument. Fig. 9 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the same.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the body of the instrument, which may be of any desired dimensions and constructed of any material commonly employed in the manufacture of plumbs and levels of this type. As shown, the body 1 is preferablya wooden bar, stock, or frame provided with a vertical spirit-level 2 and a horizontal spirit-level 3, which may be of any preferred form and construction and mounted in or upon the stock in any desired manner. {The body or stock 1 in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, is provided in its face, near its lower end, with a chamber or recess 4 to receive a plumb-bob 5, which is attached to the lower end of the plumb line or cord 6, which is designed to extend longitudinally upon the face of the stock in line with a groove or gage-line to register with a gage-mark or indicator 7, arranged adjacent to and slightly above the chamber or recess 4:. As shown, the said chamber or recess 4 is closed on its outer side by a cap or shield 8, which is preferably of hemispherical form and provided with a flange 9 for the passage of suitable fastenings to at tach it to the body 1 and also provided at its upper portion with an extension 10 in the form of a three-sided radial projection the inner ends of the side walls of which bear against the face of the body 1 and form a mouth or inlet for the passage of the plumb cord or line 6. The purpose of this shield is to complete the formation of a plumb-bob housing or receptacle, which shields the bob from wind-pressure, and thereby prevents it in use from being affected by wind-currents and causing the annoyance incident to the ordinary construction of instrument from this source.

The upper end of the cord or line 6 is attached to and carried by a holder or carrier consisting of a clamp device composed of a screw 11, having its head 12 arranged to cooperate with a guide-plate 13, secured to the upper end of the face portion of the body 1. This guide-plate has an offset portion 14, in which the head 12 is housed and fitted to slide, and is provided in said offset portion with a longitudinal slot 15, serving as a guide for the threaded stem or shank 16 of said screw, which projects therethrough to the exterior of the guide-plate. The stem or shank is formed with an opening 17 for the passage of the cord 6, which latter is clamped against the face of the offset portion 14 by a washer 18 and clamp-nut 19, the said washer being provided on its inner side or face with a groove 20 for the reception of the cord and a rib 21, which fits and slides in the slot 15 and holds the washer against rotation. The nut 19 is adapted to force the washer against the outer face of the offset portion 1st of the guide-plate and hold. the cord 6 clamped against the same. Upon slacking up this nut it will be understood that the cord may be quickly released to enable the plumb-bob to be adjusted vertically and also to allow the screw and coacting parts of the cord-clamp to be adjusted longitudinally along the slot 15 to adapt the device to be used for plumbing in angle-work. Owing to the fact that the bob is shielded and prevented from being affected by wind-currents, it will be readily understood that the device is adapted to give accurate results without the extreme care required with the ordinary construction of instrument and that the construction of the shield and the cord holder and clamp permits of ready application and removal of the bob and the adjustment of the cord and bob to suit different kinds of work.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the body or stock 1 is provided at its lower end with a transverse opening 22, the lower portion of which is closed on its opposite sides by concavo-convex shield-plates 23, and the upper portion of each is provided with a sight device consisting of oppositelyarranged flared or frusto conical metallic pieces 24, terminating at their inner ends in cylindrical holders 25, receiving observation lenses 26. These holders 25 are also provided with sight points or devices 27, and the flared metal pieces 2% of which they constitute a part, extend outwardly above and close or cover the upper portions of the shields 23, and thus form a casing for the reception of the bob 5. The lenses 25 of the sight devices are disposed at the lower end of a longitudinal bore or passage 28, extending upwardly from the transverse opening 22 to and through the upper end of the body orstock 1. Through this bore passes the plumb line or cord 6, which is suspended from an adjustable holder or carrier consisting of a screw 29, having an opening 30 through its head and threaded stem for the passage of the upper end of the cord, which is knotted or otherwise formed with a stop to bear upon the upper end of the stem and hold the cord and plumb at the desired elevation in the plumb casing. The head of the screw bears against the under side of a guide-plate 31, suitably fitted in the upper end of the stock and extending across the bore or passage 28. This plate is provided with a longitudinal slot 32, through which extends the threaded shank of the screw, which is provided above the plate with a clamping-nut 33 to hold it in adjusted position. By this construction it will be seen that upon loosening the nut the cord may be set or adjusted to true the bob and bring it in exact registering relation with the gagepoints 27 or to adjust the same for angle-work when occasion requires.

In both forms of my invention the bob 5 may be provided with a jacket or covering 5' of some suitable soft material, such as felt or rubber, to prevent it in moving to and fro from striking too hard against the body or wind-shields and injuring or mutilating the same. Also, if desired. I may employ the mode of attaching the lower end of the cord to the bob shown in detail in Fig. 9namely, by passing same through a hollow fasteningscrew 05 and knotting the lower end thereof to hold it from withdrawal, the screw being formed, as shown, with a shoulder 36 to limit its movement when the threaded shank thereof has been screwed within its threaded receiving-opening in the bob to the desired extent. In addition to cushioning the blow the covering of the bob 5 prevents any noise or jar incident to impact of said bob with the body or stock of the instrument.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In a device of the character described, the combination of a body, a plumb-bob, a cord carrying the bob, a transversely-disposcd adjustable guide-plate carried by the body and provided with a longitudinal slot, a cord-holding device, embodying a screw having its head operating on one side of the guide-plate and having its shank passed through the slot therein, said screw being provided with an opening to receive the bob-cord, and a nut threaded upon said screw and adapted to clamp the cord-holding device at an ascertained adjustment.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination of a body, aplumb-bob, a line or cord attached thereto, and a suspending device for the cord adapted to clamp the cord in adjusted position and to adjust the same transversely for angling the plumb, substantially as set forth.

3. .In an instrument of the class described, the combination of a body, a plun'ib-bob, a cord carrying the bob, a guide member on the body, and a cord-holding device adjustable transversely of the body on said guide member and comprising a member movable on said guide member. a clamp element, and means for securing said movable member and clamp element in fixed relation on the guide member, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. DEWAINE. It. s]

IVitnesses:

M. It. MoCoPJr, CuAs. Iil. Srourrnnn.

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