US799876A - Composition for cleansing sugar and process of making same. - Google Patents

Description

To all whom it may concern:

XF; 799v876 UNITED s'ra'rns eierence IIJATENT OFFICE.

CLAUS A. SPRECKELS AND CHARLES A. KERN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. ASSIGNORS TO FEDERAL SUGAR REFlNING COMPANY, JERSEY ()iiY, NE r JERSEY, A CORPC R-ATION OF NEW JERSEY.

COMPOSITION FOR CLEANSlNG SUGAR AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAlill-l.-

Be it known that we, (inane; A. Srnncuuns and CHARLES A. KERN, citizens of the United States, and residents of the hon nigh of Manhatt-an, city and State of New York, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in (Joinppsitions for (IleansinrrSugar and Processes of Making Same, of which the ioilowing is a full and. true description.

The object of this invention is'to produce a composition which when mixed with sugar,

sugar-liquor, or sugar-bearing iuatcrialwill so thoroughly combine with-and act upon the impurities contained in the material treated as to absorb out and carry with it when removed from the treated, mass nearly all of said impurities withou-t injuriously affecting the sugar.

In ,our Patent No. 695,150, dated April 22,

' 1902, wehave described and claimed generic ally the process of purifying sugar or sugar solutionsf r th employment of lllfmjuttld.

. As an example of the way in which sui fonated or sulfo oleagiuous cleansing or puriffying liquids may be prepared for use we have stated in our said patent as follows:

\Ve mix sulfuric acid, preferably of 1.835

' specific gravity, ((56 liaunu'g) or aniixturc of acids containing sulfuric acid in the proportion of, say, lifty parts, by weight. of acid with one hundred parts, by weight, of one or more'bodies, of which resinous bodies; fats, fatty oils, and. fatty acids and essential oils are examples. The sulfuric acid is added to the body gradually or at all events undcrj such conditions'tliat a low temperaturewill' be maintained, and the mixture is allowed to.

' ess under thesecircumstances fare "as appl stand for a few hours.

Maintaining a low temperature is essential.

to the production of thc peculiar cleansing body l'i'crcin clauncd, t'or ii the bodywas ox dized, as by the use of'a strong or lumin'g acid or a high temperature was allowcd,-a

tarry body or pasty mass would .be produced,

which would not have the required allinity or absorbent property for sugar impurities.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed November 19, 1901. Serial No. 82.825

we proceed as follows: Add water about-e ual, to the amountof oil vin the orlginal mixture 10 Patented Sis pt. 19, 1905.

- Any excess of acid is removed'or neutralized either by the addition of an alkali or by the addition of water and gravital separation. 5:, The proportion and strength of acid above suggested may be used in sulfo'nating each and every one of the substances hereinafter mentioned; but in the case of essential oils, such as turpentine, it will. be preferable to considerably increase the .proportion'of, the oil to the sulfuric acid, even to the extent of doubling the same or more. The proportion and strength of acid may of coursebe varied in well-knownways, it being borne in mind that the result is that the bodiifiiihen acted upon by the 'sulfuricracid and iti' the condition in,which it is. to beifused.will not:

contain sulfuric acid inany amount injurious. to the sugari'and will haveau afiinity orab" 7'6 sorbent property for the-impurities, includ- I sing invert s"ugar; .gre'ater; tlianithe-adherence of such impurities to th fs'u'gar itself.

,.JlihenaQQQQQaIQinoBLBmJLeredoinmend to proceed asfollowszxlake twoparts of a resinous body, resin-oil being an example, and add while stirring the oil one part of sulfuric acid, preferably mixing the acid, with th'e'oil gradualiy and at all events under such conditions that a low temperature 'will v be maintained. After the incorporationof the acid allow the mixture to stand r a few hours and then preferably remove or'neutral ize the excess of acid in the mixture. f-iForif' this purpose we may neutralize the mix'tu'r by the addition of an alkali or mixture of 'al I kalies, preferably carbonate of soda, caustic soda, carbonate ot' potash, caustic potash, or; mixtures thereof. The additionof alkali t0;;-;

the sulfo'nz'tted product may be in quantity. 99 I sufiicient to neutralize only the'free sulfuricJ acid remaining, the acid being; injurious to sugar, or it may be in such quantity to'cotn plete ly neutralize also the 'sul-fonic acids. {Ifhe salts of tlie-s'ulfonic acid formedbyoun proc cable for our purposeas the acids themselv, When not neutralizing by the use -of;al-kali and mix thoroughly. On standing the mixture separates into two layers, the u per: fluid; layer-being the material in course of treat-' ment and the lower consisting'of watercou- UUCU g [100m mixture ispractically free from water or from v with a considerable proportion of hydrocararts. 7 These characteristics are aflinityor ab designation of fsult'o roleaginous cleansing taining the surplus acid and other useless products, and we leave-the mixture standing for several hoursin a vessel properly ar' ranged and then draw off the water containing superfluous acid, 820. To the mixture obtained by the addition of alkalies', as above described, or by the addition of water, as

excess of alkali when used, we may add thereto kerosene-oil or petroleum-oil or other hy'd rocarbon oil or a mixture containing hydrocarbon'oilj. The said sulfonated body is soluble in am-yl and ethyl alcohols and'in hydrocarbon-oils, especially kerosene-oils.

A cleansing or defecating liquor of the character hereinbefore specified and mixed bon oil or hydrocarbon-oil mixture intimately combined with a body-sulfonated at a low temperature has distinct characteristics and properties for the purpose of defecating or cleansing sugar and is also, so far as we have been-able to learn, a composition new in thesorbent property for sugar impurities-such asinvert sugar, caramel, andsalts superior to the adherence of such impurities to sugar itself; freedom from-sulfuric acid in an amount injurious tothe sugar; the body is not oxidized, owing to'maintaining a low temperature in its production; and it mixes readily with hydrocarbon oil, such as petroleum-oils.

/Vhen employing alkali to neutralize an acid, we have obtained good results by employing one part of caustic soda to each fifteen parts of the modified mixture. We have obtained good results by adding about fifty per cent. of kerosene-oil; but we do not state this as a fixed percentage, since it may be materially varied.

The'use of an alkali above described for the purpose of neutralizing free sulfuric acid in the sulfo-oleaginousbody may result, as is well understood, in the production of sulfpnicacid salts in the product; but such salts so made are included by us under the general or defecating liquids.

The following are bodies which .we have tested and found to act in the manner described, vizz' colophonium, (rosiri) rosin-oil, olive-oil, castor-oil, vcotton-seed oil; cocoanutoil, linseed-oil, rape-oil, peanut-oil, lard, tallow, cod-liver oil, fish-oil, (Menhaden-oiL) lard-oil, oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, butyric acid,'01l of turpentine; but the substances above named are given as examples said, but also defecating or cleansing liquids containing sulfo-oleaginous bodies made by the subjection of mixtures of two or more of such resinous, fatty, or oily bodies to the action of sulfiiric'acid. We have obtained good results from a considerable number of such mixtures, of which the following may be cited as examples: first, rosin-oil, castor-oil, and oleic acid: second,- castor-oil, cotton-seed oil, and ole'icacid; third, lard and rosinoil; fourth, rosin-oil, oleicaid, and oilof turpentine; fifth, tallow and oil of turpentine.

As most of the above-enumerated .bodies are known as oils and as rosin is analogous to fatty bodies for the purposes of our invention and as the fats are solid oils and as the fatty acids, as is well known, have oily or greasy characteristics and as all of the above substances are acted upon by sulfuric acid in the manner described and also when sulfated act on sugar and its impurities in analogous and equivalent ways, we hereinafter include them all under the generic term-oleaginous bodies, and when acted on by sulfuricacid in the manner described we term the derivatives sulfo-oleaginous bodies. All the derivative cleansing agents mentioned are properly included-also under the term sulfonated bodies whether properly and strictly called olea ginous or not. Many'forms of wifeoleaginons bodies, especially sulfonic acids or sulfonic-acid bodies,are well known in the arts for other purposes, and hence a more particu-.

lar description ofthe methods-of producing the same is not required.

In preparing the sulfonated fluid defecating or cleansing agent constituting the subject-matterof our claims the hydrocarbon oil or mixture of hydrocarbon oil may sometimes be added before or sometimes after subjecting the'bodies hereinbeforc specified tothe action of the acid or acid mixture. For

tion of kerosene-oil. 7 z

foo

finstance, bodies containing palmitic acid, stearic acid, butyric acid or rosin may be first softened or rendered fluid by the addi-' different qualities .of the material being treated, enough beingused, of course, to absorb out. the impurities. As the liquid has no injurious efiect'upon the sugar, sugarliquor, or sugar-bearing material, the quantity of theliquid may be increased as desired. The mixture or combination of sulfonated fluid defecating or cleansing agent with sugar 232. UUlVHUol l lunlo.

' defecating liquid are described and claimed 7 cross produces an intermediate product, which constitutes the subject-matter of Letters Patent of the United States No. 703,219, granted June 24, 1902, to us.

Methods of treatment of sugaror sugar solution by the use of our new cleansing or generically in United States Letters Patent No. 698,150, granted April 22, 1902, to us, and as to dilferent specific methods in United States Letters Patent No. 699,933, granted to us May 13, 1902, and in United States Letters Patent No. 700,099, granted to us May We have described and claimed in-a subordinate patent granted March 3, 1903, as No.

' 722,157, sulfonated fluid defecatingofcleansing agents made by treating ditferent groups and special bodies which we have found efiicient in producing the desired result.

We desire it clearly understood that while we'specify sulfonated defecating or cleansing liquids, made by treating certain substances or mixtures as described, yet our in vvention herein claimed is not limited to the substances and mixtures specifically mentioned nor to any specific way of removin excess of acid or free acid.

We claim-'- 1. As a'new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound, consisting of a solution in hydrocarbon oil of a sulfonated derivative 'of a resinous body, which derivative is soluble in ethyl and amyl alcohols, substantially as described.

2. As anew article of manufacture, a sugar' cleansing compound consisting of a solution in kerosene-oil of a sulfonated derivative of a resinous body, substantially as described.

As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in hydrocarbon oil of asulfonated body soluble in ethyl and amyl alcohols, substantially as. described.

\ Q 4. As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in hydrocarbon oil of a sulfonated derivative of an oljeaginous body, which derivative is solublein ethyl and amyl alcohols, substan-. tially as described. 1

5. As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in hydrocarbon oil of a'sulfonated derivative of rosin-oil, whichderivative, is soluble in ethyl and amyl alcohols, substantially as described. 1

6. As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in kerosene-oil of asulfonated body, substantially as described.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in keroseneoilof a sulfonated derivative of an oleaginous body,.substantially as described.

8. As a new article of manufacture, a sugarcleansing compound consisting of a solution in kerosene-oil of a sulfonated derivative of rosin-oil, substantially as described;

9. The process of making a sugar-cleansing compound which consists in producing a sulfrom the'mixture, and then adding keroseneoil to the separated sulfonated body, substantially as described. 4

'11. The process of making-a sugar-cleansing compound'which consists in mixing a resinous body with sulfuric acid, while a low tem: perature is maintained, then completely separating resulting sulfonated body from the mixture, and then adding hydrocarbon oil to pletely separating resulting sulfonated body the separated sulfonated body, substantially as described.

12. The process of making a sugar-cleansing compound which consists in mixing rosinoil with sulfuric acid, while a low temperature is maintained, then completely separating resulting sulfonated body from the mixture, and then adding kerosene-oil to the separated sulfonated body, substantially as described.

CLAUS A. sPREcKELs.

I CHARLES A. KERN .Witnesses: WILLIAM W. Oo'ox, ,WrLLIAM H. BE'BRIGAN, Jr.