US799114A - Speculum. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

0. D. TRAOEY.

SPEUULUM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27,1905

inventor,

Attorneys.

Witnesses:

RMQZ-Idfl ATENT OFFICE.

(JRISPUS D. TRAGEY, OF LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS, ASSIGNOR OF 'lVVO- THIRDS TO MARGARET BARNHART, OF DUNKIRK, INDIANA.

SPECULUM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1t 03.

Application filed April 27, 1905. Serial No. 257,709-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CRIsPUs D. TRAouY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Little Rock, in the county of Pulaski and State of Arkansas, have invented a new and useful Speculum, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to speculums.

The object of the invention is to provide a novel form of implement of this character in the use of which the ready exploring of cavities that are generally inaccessible shall be facilitated, in which an operating instrument may be readily directed to the spot desired, and, further, in which a curative agent may be applied or pus or the like he removed and all without removing the implement from the eye.

A further object is to dispose the lens in such manner as to cause the axial ray to suffer refraction only in'a small degree, thereby preventing the secondary axial rays from having sufficient power over the slightly refracted axial ray to hold the image of light to the surface of the lens, thus giving a clear and distinct view therethrough.

With the above and other objects in view, as will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction and combination of parts of a speculum, as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a view in vertical longitudinal section through a speculum constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is an end view looking toward the eyepiece of speculum.

The implement embodies in its construction a main tube 1, a light-tube 2, disposed at an angle thereto and permanently connected therewith, and a tapered nozzle 3, detachably connected with the main tube. Combined with the end of the tube opposite the nozzle, and which will hereinafter be designated the outer end of the tube, is an eyepiece 4, which is held assembled with the main tube in this instance by a threaded joint, the eyepiece being of the usual or any preferred construction and having combined with its inner face a diaphragm-mirror 5, which, as shown, is disposed at an angle of about ten degrees or slightly more or less to the long diameter of the tube. At or adjacent to the point of juncture of the nozzle with the main tube, and which will hereinafter be termed the inner end of the tube, is arranged a double-convex lens 6, which is also disposed at an angle of about ten degrees, more or less, to the long diameter of the tube, the lens being held in position on one side by an inclined circumferential shoulder 7, secured to or formed integral with the main tube, and on its other side by an ungula-form thimble or collar 8.

The nozzle 3, which may be tapered to any degree desired, is provided in one side with an aperture 9, through which an instrument may be inserted and guided by the converging walls of the nozzle to the point to be operated upon or to be treated. The outer side of the nozzle has secured to or formed integral with it a tube 10, which terminates with the end of the nozzle, and has an angularly-deflected portion 11, with which is combined a compressible bulb 12, which may be employed for withdrawing foreign matter from a wound or the like by a suction or be employed to inject a curative or sanatory agent to the desired point.

The free end of the light-tube carries an incandescent lamp 13, the socket 14 ofwhich engages threads provided on the interior of the tube for the purpose, the conductors being connected with any suitable source of electric energy. (Not necessary to be shown.)

In the use of the device the nozzle is inserted in the cavity or orifice to be explored and by reason of the light-rays reflected from the diaphragm-mirror through the lens minute inspection of the diseased or other part may be readily secured. Should the part inspected require surgical or other treatment necessitating the employment of an instrument, this will be inserted through the orifice 9.

Should it be necessary to withdraw matter from the cavity, this may be efiected by suction exerted by the bulb 12, or if a curative agent is to be injected this may also be secured by the employment of a bulb and tube.

The features of novelty of this invention reside, specifically stated First, in the employment of the tapered nozzle combined with the tube and bulb. The nozzle is to be made of such length and taper as to adapt it to fit the natural size and depth of the cavity entered.

The second feature of novelty of the invention resides in placing a convex condensinglens at the larger end of the nozzle and of such retracting power that its power of convergence is of the strength to converge the light reflected from the mirror at the same angle of taper as that of the nozzle and of such focusing power that its focus forms at or immediately beyond the exit or point on the nozzle. The volume of light as converged so completely fits the taper of the nozzle that it affords complete protection from any source of light striking it except that reflected by the mirror and also prevents the loss or confusion of lights by reflection from the Walls of the nozzle.

The third feature of novelty of the invention resides in the angular disposition of the convex lens. It has heretofore been found that astrong double-convex lens on account of its thick center and thin edges will not perfectly refract ordinary light reflected through it, as an imageof the flame and the reflector will always remain on the surface of the lens,

, thereby obstructing the view. This objection has been overcome by placing the lenssurface off of a perpendicular to the incident light to an extent. sufficiently to cause the axial -ray to suffer refractions only in a small degree, and this prevents the secondary axial rays from having'suflicient power over the slightly-refracted axial ray to hold the image of light to. the surface of the lens, thereby igiving a clear and distinct view through the ens.

It is of course obvious that a weaker or stronger lens may be used with a shorter or longer nozzle without departing from the essential principles of the invention so long as the relationship, taper of nozzle, and strength of lens are maintained.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. A speculum embodying in its construction a main tube and a diaphragm-mirror and double-convex lens arranged therein and disposed at an angle to the long diameter thereof, and means for supplying light to the mi-rror.

2. A speculum provided at its outer end with an eyepiece carrying a diaphragm-mirror disposed at an angle to the long diameter of the tube, a tapered extension arranged at the inner end of the tube, a double-convex lens disposed in the main tube and at an angle to the long diameter thereof, and means for supplying light to the mirror.

3. A speculum comprising a main tube provided at it's'outer end with an eyepiece, carryingadiaphragm-mirror disposed at an angle to the long diameter of the tube, a light-tube combined with the main tube and projecting at an angle therefrom, a tapered extension secured to the inner end of the main tube, a double-convex lens arranged near theinner end of the main tube and disposed at an angle to the long diameter thereof, and means combined with the light-tube for supplying light to the mirror.

4. A speculum comprising a main tube, a light-tube secured thereto and projected at an angle therefrom, an electric lamp combined with the outer end of the light-tube, an eyepiece combined with the outer end of the main tube and havinga diaphragm-mirror disposed at an angle to the long diameter of the main tube to catch and reflect the lightrays from the lamp, a double-convex lens arranged in the inner end of the main tube and disposed at an angle to the long diameter thereof, and a tapered extension projecting from the inner end of the main tube.

5. A speculum comprising a main tube provided at its outer end with an eyepiece carrying a diaphragm-mirror, at its inner end with .a tapered extension, a double-convex lens secured in the main tube adjacent to its point of juncture with the extension, and

means for supplying light to the mirror.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed lay-signature in the presence of two witnesses- CRISPUSD'. TRACEY'.

Witnesses: i I

WM. A. PFISTERER, R. G. PILLOW.

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