US771465A - Injector-burner. - Google Patents

Description

No. 771,465. PATENTED OGT. 4, 1904.

A. G. CUNNINGHAM.

INJECTOR BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 11, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

burner embodying my invention.

Patented October 4, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW C. CUNNINGHAM, OF ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND.

INJECTOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 771,465, dated October 4, 1904. Application filed July 11, I903. Serial No. 165,168. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW C. CUNNINGHAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Annapolis, county of Anne Ariindel, State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injector-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in injector-burners, and particularly to that type wherein the issuing jet consists of an oil vapor and an aeriform fluid, preferably steam or air, intimately commingled.

The object of my invention is to provide a burner of this general type of high efficiency and of great simplicity of structure, the burner being devoid of movable or adjustable parts and consisting of the minimum number of elements assembled together in a comparatively small compass and of such a character as to withstand without warping the great heat to which devices of this kind are necessarily subjected in use.

Further features of advantage consist in combining the burner with practically straight continuous passages as free from obstruction and direct interference with the moving current of fluid as possible, yet with dueprovision for insuring the desired commingling of the constituent elements thereof, so that the continued use of an oil containing grit or sand is permissible without danger of clogging or stopping the burner-passages.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of an injector- Fig. 2 represents a central section thereof, and Fig. 3 represents a front elevation.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, it will be noted ments being adapted to be readily assembled by means of screw-thread joints, as shown.

The breech B is provided with screw-threaded nipples at for the reception of correspondingly-screw-threaded steam or air supply pipes, respectively, and is also provided with a screw-threaded nipple 0, adapted to communicate with the oil-supply pipe for the admission of oil under pressure into the oil-inlet pipe C.

The oil-inlet pipe 0 is closed at its forward end and is provided with small outlet-apertures d in its lateral walls, as shown. The bore or nozzle Ahas a long gradual taper toward its free end, so as to exert a slight back pressure and so as to give great muzzle velocity to the issuing combustible mixture.

The range of projection of the flame from the burner is not only considerably augmented by this arrangement, but I also find that the steadiness, uniformity, and noiselessness of the issuing jet are largely enhanced by providing within the breech-piece B an equalizing-chamber f of relatively large dimensions in the rear of the air or steam admission ports.

When the burner is in use,the mixture of aeriform fluid and oil constitutes substantially a projectile which, driven through the long tapering nozzle, has small cohesive force. Combustion of the issuing jet does not take place, however, immediately upon its issuance from the end of the nozzle. On the contrary the issuing jet is of substantially cylindrical contour, and it preserves this contour for a distance of more than a foot from the end of the nozzle, whereupon it suddenly diverges. This characteristic of the invention is, so far as I am aware, broadly new and is of particular value for the reason that the active combustion of the jet does not begin until the point of divergence is reached, and therefore the burner (and particularly the nozzle) is protected against the intense heat, which would tend to warp or even melt the parts if the combustion extended back to substantially the end of the nozzle.

In actual tests made with this burner I also find that even with considerable variation in pressure there is no dripping from the end of the nozzle. The capacity of the burner. to permit variations in pressure without dripping adapts it to a variety of uses requiring varying ranges of projection of the flan1eas, for instance, in brick-making, where it is necessary at different periods of the operation to change the range of projection of the flame,

or in the firing of steam-boilers having heating-surfaces extending over a large area.

it will of course be understood that the projecting fluid (steam or air, or both) is not relied upon to supply the oxygen necessary for the combustion of the oil, although contributing in some degree thereto. The combustion is supported, as is usual, by air which enters the furnace in the ordinary manner through controlling-dampers.

By independently varying the actual and relative amounts and pressures of the oil and the steam or air by suitable valves on the supply-pipes a great variety in range, intensity, and kind of flame may be produced without interrupting the continuous action of the burner, these capabilities being particularly valuable in the application of the burner to steam-boilers and to metallurgical operations, well as in various classes of manufacturing processes such as burning brick, pottery, porcelain, and the like-and in the annealing and tempering of various metals.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim is 1. An injector-burner comprising a short main body portion, and arelatively long nozzle tapering from said main body portion, the main body portion having an expanded breech forming a pressure-equalizing chamber and an inlet for aeriform fluid in advance of said breech and. between it and the nozzle, and an oil-pipe extending well forward into the nozzle beyond the said aeriform-fluid inlet, the

major portion of the tapering nozzle constituting a mixing-chamber for the oil and aeriform fluid; substantially as set forth.

2. An injector-burner, comprising a hollow casting expanded at its base to form a pressure-equalizing chamber, said hollow casting having screw-threaded openings in its lateral, and rear end walls and a screw threaded mouth, a long tapering nozzle fitted into said mouth and opening into the interior of the said hollow casting, and an oil-tube entering into and concentric with the nozzle and communicating with the rear end opening, the major portion of the tapering nozzle constituting a mixing-chamber for the oil and aeriform fluid; substantially as set forth.

3. An injector-burner, having a long tapering nozzle, an inlet for aeriform fluid at the rear end of said nozzle, and an oil-inlet pipe concentric with the nozzle and extending well forward into said nozzle and having dischargeopenings in its lateral wall intermediate of the end of the nozzle and the inlet for aeriform fluid; substantially as set forth.

4c. An injector-burner, comprising a main body portion and a relatively long nozzle tapering from said main body portion, the main body portion having an expanded breech forming a pressure-equalizing chamber and having an inlet for aeriform fluid in advance of said breech and between it and the nozzle, and an oil-pipe extending into the nozzle a distance substantially onethird the length of the nozzle and provided at its forward end with lateral discharge-openings; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW C. CUNNINGHAM.

Witnesses:

Gr. E. MERRILL, D. J. MURPHY.

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