US770170A - Hoisting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

N0. 770,170. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. R. L. DAVIS. HOISTING APPARATUS. 'APIELIQA'I'ION- FILED MAB. 26, 1904.

N0 MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

ZZL'ZQQZLBQV Inventor.

Httomegs Witness 5 U! fit M G PATEN'I'ED SEPT. 13, 1904-.

R. L. DAVIS. HOISTING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

Invenfor.

UNITED STATES Patented September 13, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE;

RILEY LENARD DAVIS, OF ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR OF ONEHALF TO JOSEPH G. FARRELL, OF ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

SFECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,170, dated September 13, 1904.

Application filed March 26, 1904.

To all 1117710171, it nuty concern:

Be it known that I, RILEY LENARD DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Asheville, in the county of Buncombe and State of North Carolina, have invented a new and useful Hoisting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combined liftingjacks and derricks, and has for its'object to will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in certain novel features of construction, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which corresponding parts are denoted by like designating characters, is illustrated the preferred form of the embodiment of the invention capable of carrying the same into practical op eration, it being understood that the invention is not necessarily limited thereto, as various changes in the shape, proportions, and general assemblage of the parts may be resorted to without departing from the principle of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages, and the right is therefore reserved of making all the changes and modifications which fairly fall within the scope of the invention and the claims made therefor.

In the drawings thus employed, Figure 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation, and Fig. 3 is a front elevation, of the device in its simpler form. Fig. 4 is atransverse section on the line 4 1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the improved device arranged as a scaffold-support. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the device arranged as a derrick. Fig. 7 is a front view of the structure shown in Fig. 6 with the boom removed.

of the slack-block detached.

Serial No. 200,176. (No model.)

Fig. 8 is a detail, viewed from the rear, of the boom-operating mechanism. Fig. 9 is a view of the portions shown in Fig. 8 viewed from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a perspective view, enlarged, Fig. 11 is a transverse section, enlarged, on the line 11 11 of Fig. 6.

In its simpler form the improved device comprises a jack-frame formed of a supporting-base 10, with spaced standards 11 12 extending therefrom, with the inner adjacent faces of the standards provided with reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth 13 1 1, formed upon the opposite edges of inwardly-projecting ribs 15 16 of less width than the standards, so that bearing-surfaces remain upon the standards at each side of the ratchets, the object to be hereinafter explained. The standards will be suitably supported by lateral braces 17 18.

Mounted for longitudinal movement on the standards 11 12 and engaging the same as guides is a hoisting member formed of spaced bars 19, four in number and disposed in pairs upon the standards with the inner faces of each pair movable upon the opposite outer faces of the standards. The bars 19 are connected at their lower ends by base or foot member 20, having extended ends and projecting between the standards, and likewise connected at their upper ends by a head member 21, also passing between the standards. By this means an unobstructed opening is left through the hoisting member and between the standards and also between the foot and head members 20 21, and passing loosely through this open space is an operating-lever 2 2, having lateral stops 23 2 1 to limit its longitudinal movement, while leaving it free to move longitudinally of the standard and to a limited extent transversely of the same and of the bars 19. The operating-lever is thus of the floating order, as will be obvious.

Intermediately pivoted at 25 26 in slots in the operating-lever 22 are pawls 27 28, withtheir lower ends 29 3O forked and extended laterally for alternate engagement with the ratchet-teeth 13 14. The upper ends of the pawls-27 28 are provided with a distending spring 31, Operating to hold the forked ends of the pawls yieldably in engagement with the ratchet-teeth. The lever 22 is movably connected to the foot member 20 of the hoisting member by a link 32, which may be in the form of a cable, chain, rod, or the like. By this arrangement it will be obvious that when the free end of the operating-lever 22 is forced downward the pawl 27 will serve as a fulcrum and enable the hoisting member to be elevated by the short nip of the lever exerted on the connecting means 32, this movement of the lever at the same time elevating the pawl 28 for engagement with the next ratchet-teeth above on the opposite side.

Then as the operating-lever is moved upwardly the'action is reversed, and the pawl 28 becomes the fulcrum, and so on as long as required, the lever thus being double acting and exerting a lifting force upon the hoisting member the full length of the standards, and by extending the standards the range of the hoisting member may be extended corresp'ondingly.

Pivoted between two of the bars 19 at 33 above the operating-lever 22 is a releasinglever 34, connected movably to the upper ends of the pawls 27 28 by links 35 36, and by mov ing the lever 34 upward it will be obvious that the pawls will be drawn toward each other at their upper ends, with the result of dist-ending the lower ends and releasing them from the ratchet-teeth and likewise releasing the hoisting member.

Attached to one of the bars 19 is a stop member 37 in position to swing beneath the lever 22 and hold it in its central position, and thus check its action and hold the hoisting member at any desired point of elevation.

Pivoted at 38 between two of the bars 19 is a safety-block lever 39, having lateral extensions 40 for swinging into the paths of the ratchet-teeth for engagement therewith when desired, and thus positively locking the hoisting member at any desired point of elevation. The member 39 is provided with an operating-handle 42 and also provided with a button 43 for transverse movement across the adjacent bars 19 to hold the lock-lever out of action when not required.

The projecting ends of the foot and head members 20 21 provide means for engaging the body to be elevated, and by their location at both ends of the hoisting member the scope of the device is materially enlarged and the advantages of the device correspondingly increased.

The material employed may be of any suitable kind, either metal or wood or partially each, and the structure may be of any required size and employed for any purpose for which it is adapted. When employed as an ordinary hoisting-jack for elevating bodies a comparatively short distance, the standards 11 12 will be correspondingly short; but by extending the standards the scope of the device may be greatly enlarged without affecting the principle of the invention.

The improved device may be easily adapted as an adjustable staging or scaffold support by simply increasing the lengths of the standards 11 12 to provide means for increasing the distance which the hoisting member may be elevated and also increasing the length of the foot member 20, as shown in Fig. 5, to carry the scaffold-platform. When thus employed, of course it will be understood'that two or more of the improved structures will be employed spaced apart to correspond to the lengths of the scaffold-sections. When employed as a scaffold-support, the extended foot member 20 will preferably be provided with braces 44 to support and strengthen it, and also when employed as a scaffold-support the upper ends of the extended standards will generally require bracing to prevent overturning under the strains, and an approved and novel means is shown for thus providing the braces, consisting in members 45, pivoted at 46 to the laterally-extended base 10 for folding against one of the standards 11 or 12 when not in use and also for folding outwardly to lie upon the ground when required. The members 45 are provided with toothed or notched plates 47, with which the foot of a brace member 48 is adapted to'engage and with the head portion of the base for engagement with a suitable projection, as 49, upon the standard. Any length of brace 48 may be thus employed and may be strained to any required extent by setting it inwardly in the notches in the plate 47, as will be obvious. The members 45 will set on the sides opposite that from which the greatest resistance comes, and will thus effectually prevent the overturning of the scafiold. The members 45 are also utilized as a shorter brace by forking its free end, as at 50, for engaging a stop-lug 51 on the adjacent standard 11 or 12 and furthermore securing it from displacement by a loop or catch 52. When employed for supporting the scafiold at a relatively low point, the member 45 alone will be sufiicient to brace the structure; but when the scaffold members are to be elevated to a relatively high point the longer braces will be employed. The device is thus adapted to any desired height of scaffold.

When the device is employed as a derrick, the ends of the standards 11 12 will be connected, respectively, into foot and head bearings 54 55, the foot-bearing for stepping in a suitable socket-plate 56 and the head-bearing for rotative support in a bracket member 57, carried by brace-timbers 58, connected at their free ends in any suitable manner to stakes or other stationary holding means or to timbers extending from the step member 56, as in ordinary derricks. formed by the bars 19 and foot and head portions 20 21, is disposed for longitudinal movement in the standards, as in the other forms of the structure shown, and extending from;

the head portion 21 is a longitudinal member 62, connected to the head portion 21 of the hoisting member, as by detachable bolts or catches 63, and provided on its sides with channels for engagement with the ratcheted strips 15 16, which thus serve as guides to the member 62. The member 62 is also provided with a gear-rack 64, disposed longitudinally of the same. The upper end of the member 62 is reduced in size, and supported upon this reduced portion is a block 96, having wings for movably engaging the standards and forming thereby an additional guiding and supporting means for the member 62. The block 96 is also provided with cable-sheaves 65. Attached to'the standards 11 12 at an intermediate point when the longer mast-like form is employed is a frame or bracket 66, carrying a transverse shaft 67, having agear-pinion 68 for engagement with the gear-rack 64. Upon its outer ends the shaft 67 is provided with cable-wind.- ing drums 69 70 and also with a brake-wheel 71, upon which reversely-disposed segmental brake-levers 72 73 are supported from pivotpins on the bracket 66. The free ends of the brake-levers are provided with a distending spring 75 and connected by a flexible member 7 1, the latter having an operating-cable 76 depending therefrom and connected to a drum 77, connected rotatively to one of the standards 11 or 12 and provided with an operatinghandle 78. By this arrangement it will be obvious that the spring 7 1 will maintain the brake-levers normally in an inoperative position, and when it is desired to apply the brake to check or control the motion of the shaft 67 and its attached pinion and drums the lever 78 will be actuated. Mounted for rotation in the bracket 66 is another shaft 79, carrying a plurality of guide-pulleys 80 in alinement with the guide-pulleys 65 on the member 62. Pivotally connected in the hoisting member, preferably by a pivot-pin 81, is a derrick-boom 82, which is thus free to swing vertically upon the hoisting member and movable therewith longitudinally of the stand ards. Mounted for rotation in the free end of the boom 82 are cable-sheaves 83 84:, and also carried by the free end of the boom is a transverse pin 85 or other suitable means for supporting the end of a hoisting-cable, the operation of the latter to be hereinafter shown. Extending across the rear side of the standards 11 12 is a bar 86, having hangers 87 88 at its ends, whereby the bar may be adjustably connected to the standards. The standards 11 12 are provided with spaced eyebolts 89 90, oppositely disposed, and the hangers 87 88 are provided with hooks for engaging the eyebolts and also provided with up- The hoisting member,

wardly-extending feet 93 94 for resting against the standards and supporting the bar-in position. By this arrangement the bar 86 may be adjusted to any point on the standards 11 12 within the range of the eyebolts 89 90. A slack-relieving block 97 is disposed between the boom 82 and the bracket-frame 66, having means for movably engaging two hoisting-cable portions, one portion around the block longitudinally and the other around it transversely, as hereinafter explained. The hoisting-cable is formed in two portions, one portion, 100, connected by one end to the pin 85 in the boom 82, thence through a pulleyblock 98, thence around the sheave 8 1, thence around the slack-block 97 transversely, thence around the sheave 83, thence beneath one of the sheaves 80 on the brackethanger 66, thence over one of the guide-sheaves 65 on the block 96, and thence to the transverse bar 86, to which it is attached. A second cable-section, 99, passes around the slack-block 97 longitudinally and extends from the ends of the same, respectively, beneath two of the carrier or guide sheaves 80 on the bracket-hanger 66, thence over two of the guide or carrier sheaves 65 on the guide-block 96, and thence to the bar 86, to which they are attached. Preferably the cable-section 99 will pass beneath and over the outer guide- sheaves 80 and 65 and be attached to the bar 86 near its ends, while the cable-section 100 will pass around the center of the slack-block and beneath the central one of the guide-sheaves 80 and over the central one of the guide-sheaves 65, as shown. When thus constructed and assembled, the operation of the device when arranged as a derrick is as follows: The distance through which the load is to be elevated is first determined and the device adjusted to accord therewith that is to say, it having been'determined how far the outer end of the boom and the block 98 shall be elevated to place the load where required, the bar 86 is adjusted on the mast by linking it to the eyebolts 89 to correspond with the hoisting member comprising the bars 19 and foot and head members 20 21 and the operating-levers and pawls in their lowermost positions. Then as the lever 22 is actuated the member 62 and its block 96 are carried upward with the hoisting-jack, with the result of elevating the bight of the hoisting-cables and elevating the boom and at the same time moving the pulley-block 98 upward toward the boom, close to which it will be drawn if the movement is continued long enough. The principal pull is by the main cable 100, while theshorter cable 99 takes up the slack by the action of the slack-block 97.

If required, the ends of the cable 99 may be connected to the winding-drums 69 70, respectively, and then as the latter are rotated by the action of the pinion 68 upon the rack 64 the slack is wound upon the drums. I

It will be obvious that when employed as a derrick. as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the whole device can be rotated'upon the centers 54 and 55 to enable the load elevated by the boom to be deposited at any desired point within the sweep of the boom. 1

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, and a connecting-link between said operating-lever and hoisting member.

2. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls with forked free ends for engaging said ratchet teeth alternately, and connecting means between said operating-lever and hoisting member.

3. Spaced standards having rev'erselydis posed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member formed of two sets of spaced bars connected at their ends and slidably engaging the standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending between said spaced bars and between said standards and having rcversely-disposed-pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, and connecting means between said operating-lever and hoisting member.

4. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member formed of two sets of spaced bars connected at their ends and slidably engaging the standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending between said spaced bars and between said standards and having reverselydisposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, and a link connecting said operating-lever with the lower connecting member of said spaced bars.

5. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, a connecting-link between said operating-lever and hoisting member, a releasing-lever pivoted to said hoisting member, and links between said releasing-lever and pawls.

6. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member formed of two sets of spaced bars connected at their ends-and slidably engaging the standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending between-said spaced bars and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate.

engagement with said ratchet-teeth, a releasing-lever pivoted to said spaced bars and having links connecting the same to said pawls, and connecting means between said operating-lever and hoisting member.

7 Spaced standards having re'versely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided A thereby,an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls intermediately pivoted upon said lever for alternate engagement by one. end to said ratchetteeth, a releasing-lever connected to the other ends of said pawls, and connecting means between said operating-lever and said hoisting member.

8. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby,an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, said pawls provided with a spring for maintaining them yieldably in operative relation to said ratchet-teeth, and connecting means between said operating-lever and hoisting member.

9. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, and a stop member connected to said hoisting member and movable into the path of said operating-lever.

10. Spaced standards having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby,an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having laterally-extending stops to limit the longitudinal movement of said operating-lever, and movable connecting means between said lever and hoisting member.

11. In a device of the class described, a supporting base, spaced standards extending from said base and having reversely-disposed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said standards and having reversely-disposed pawls-for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth, and a connecting means between said leyer and hoisting member.

12. Spaced standards-having reversely-d is posed ratchet-teeth extending from their inner faces, a hoisting member mounted for longitudinal movement on said standards and guided thereby, an operating-lever extending through said hoisting member and between said stand- 10 ards and having reversely-disposed pawls for alternate engagement with said ratchet-teeth,

connecting means between said operatinglever and hoisting member, and derrick-operating means connected with said hoisting member.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

RILEY LENARD DAVIS.

Witnesses:

J. B. CAIN, R. V. WOLFE.

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