US775041A - Smoke-preventing furnace. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD Nov. 15, 1904. AN.

FURNACE.

KUNEM SMOKE PRBVBNTI N FILED TOR ' 3L ATTORNEYS- No. 775,041. PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904. W. A. KGNEMAN.

SMOKE PREVENTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. s, 1904.

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PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904.

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APPLICATION FILED 3, 1904.

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PATENTBD NOV. 15, 1904.

W. A. KQNEMAN. SMOKE PREVENTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3 1904.

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I INVENTOR.

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WITNESSES Patented November 15, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. KCNEMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SMOKE-PREVENTING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 775,041, dated November 15, 1904.

Application filed March 3, 1904. Serial No. 196,358. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. KoNEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented anew and useful Improve mentin Smoke-Preventing Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces of the type in which the feed of fuel to the fire-chamber is effected and regulated by a movable grate.

My object is to provide certain improvements in the construction of the fire-chamber, the movable grate, and other features appertaining to such a furnace, with a view to rendering the construction as a whole particularly durable, economical in the use of fuel, and practically free from the production of smoke even when the cheaper grades ofbituruinous coal are employed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken on line 1 in 2 and viewed in the direction of thearrow, the figure being in part diagrammatic; Fig. 2, a section on line chain grate, Figs. 8 and 9 being, respectively,

side and end views thereof; Fig. 10, a front elevation of the furnace, and Fig. 11 abroken detail view showing the grate-moving shaft with a driving gear and sprocket-wheels thereon.

The furnace structure comprises the front wall A, rear wall B,'top arch O, forward coking arch or diaphragm D, and rear arch or diaphragm E, with side walls F F. A truckframe G, carrying the chain-grate mechanism, is mounted upon track-rails 0, whereby the entire grate may be moved into and out of the furnace. The space beneath the arches D E above the chain grate constitutes the initial combustion-chamber H of the furnace, while the space beneath the chain grate forms the ash-pit I.

At the front of the furnace above the grate is a fuel-feed hopper K, havinga down wardlyextending spout K, terminating above the plane of the grate, and between the said hopper and spout and the wall A is a fire-door L, having means for raising and lowering it with reference to the grate.

Journaled in opposite ends of the hopper K is a rock-shaft 12, carrying toward each end at the outer surfaces of the hopper frames 0, supporting a concavo-convex plate or valve d, movable across the base of the hopper above the spout K. The shaft d at one end is provided with a handle 6, having a counterweight f. In the position shown the valve (Z closes the lower end of the hopper; but by swinging the lever e in the outward direction the shaft f will be rocked to rock the frame 0 and move the valve or plate (Z to open communication between the hopper and chute. By means of this constructionthe feed of fuel from the hopper may be quickly opened and closed, as desired.

In the present construction of chain grate the truck G is formed with sides or cheeks g g, mounted upon wheels it, running upon the track a. Journaled toward opposite ends in the forward ends of the cheeks is a shaft '0 carrying a series of sprocket-wheels is, which in the present grate, constructed as shown in Figs. 2 and 10, are nine in number. Journaled in adjustable bearings l at the rear ends of the cheeks is a shaft m, carrying sprocketwheels 91, corresponding in number and position with the sprocket-wheels 77. Running over the said sprocket-wheels are nine endless chains 19 of the well-known type illustrated. These chains at their alternate horizontallydisposed links are engaged and operated by the sprocket-wheels and are all of the same length, whereby shifting of the blocks Z by means of the tightening-screws Z will tighten or loosen all the chains, as desired. Beneath the upper stretch of the chains is a series of tubes q, fastened at opposite ends to the cheeks and supporting longitudinal channel-bars g, which extend normally nearly the full length between the sprocket-wheels. At the lower side of the chain-grate frame is a series of rollers r, disposed as indicated and journaled at opposite ends against the cheeks.

L is a series of grate-sections, each comprising a pair of companion members 8, all constructed alike and each member comprising the body portion provided at each end with a pair of downwardly'curved fingers s, with openings .9 through the body portion and a laterally-projecting lug 8 toward one end of the body portion. Extending from the under or reverse side of each member at one side thereof is an ear s, having a central bolt-opening. The companion members of each section are fastened to the verticallyextending links 7) of the chains p, resting at their ears 8* against opposite sides of the said links and being fastened together by bolts 25 passing through the said ears and links. Thus each vertical chain-link p of each of the nine chains carries rigidly attached thereto a pair of companion grate-section members 3, and the fingers s of one grate-section intermesh loosely with the fingers of the grate-sections in front of and behind them. The lower edges of the ears 8 along the upper stretch of the chains slide .upon. the channel-bars g, which thus sustain the upper stretch of the grate and maintain it level. The grate sections along the understretch ride upon the rollers r, which thus prevent their sagging and relieve the weight from the end sprocket-wheels. The lugs s are at the outer under sides of each grate-section, whereby they engage the under surfaces of the adjacent grate-sections, as indicated, causing the grate-sections on the chains to interlock with the grate-sections on the chains at each side thereof. Thus it will be seen that the grate-sections not only intermesh with those in front of and behind them, but interlock with the sections at opposite sides.

On the forward shaft "5 at one end beyond the check is a gear-wheel o, and journaled in the same cheek is a shaft w, carrying a pinion on, meshing with the gear o. Also mounted upon the shaft '10 is a wheel in, having a grooved peripheral friction face. Fulcrumed upon the shaft W is a lever 10 which straddles the wheel w and carries at its short end a swinging friction-pawl w" with a wedgeshaped end bearing against the wheel w in its peripheral groove. The pawl 10* is so mounted upon the lever that as the forward end of the lever is raised the pawl will slide loosely along the wheel, and when the forward end of said lever is depressed the pawl will grip the Wheel 4/), whereby movement of the lever turns the shaft 20 and through it the shaft of and the sprocket-wheels carried thereby. The lever w may be operated by hand when desired to advance the grate at its upper stretch in the backward direction, or the lever maybe connected at an adjustable clip 20' with a suitable reciprocating power device, which it is not thought necessary to show in this connection.

In the present construction the ash-pit I is somewhat narrower than the chamber H, as

indicated in Fig. 2, and is provided with trackrails in for a wheeled truck carrying an ashpan M.

N isa pan resting upon the floor of the chamber H at opposite sides of the chamber I.

Mounted on hooks or the like y at the rear end of the fire-chamber is one'or a series of swinging doors .2, which extend normally downward just beyond the end of the chain grate. In front of the hooks i is a hanging wall E having a straight horizontal lower edge a little above the upper plane of the grate.

In operation the door L is raised or lowered to a plane above the grate to regulate the depth of the layer of coal to be fed into the firechamber. When the valve (Z is opened, coal from the hopper K will fill the chute, the mass resting upon the forward end portion of the grate. Any fine particles of the coal which drop through the grate between the gratesections will fall into the pan N, which is placed there for the purpose of catching and saving such particles. The coal is advanced into the fire-chamber at desired or regular intervals by operating the lever 2.0 as described. Air to supply initial combustion enters through the forward end of the furnace and passes upward between the grate sections to the coal-bed on the grate. It has been found in practice that the tendency of the draft of air thus supplied is to travel with geater force up the edge portions of the grate than through the center. Thus fuel at the edges of the grate is consumed more readily than that lying along the center of the grate. To overcome this difliculty, I provide on the inner sides of the checks 1 deflector-plates g, which may be constructed as shown in Fig. 2 and which may extend the full length of the cheeks between the sprocketwheels. These deflector-plates operate in practice to direct the air toward the center of the grate, and thus balance the draft, whereby the fuel will burn equally throughout.

The travel of hot products of combustion from the more or less spent fuel toward the rear end of the grate is in the forward direction and owing to the comparatively low arch E reverberates against the fuel-bed along the middle of the chamber. From the chamber H these hot prod ucts of combustion pass through the opening P to the supplemental combustion-chamber P, being mixed in the opening or flue P with air entering from the outside through passages E D. The arch D operates as a coking-arch, and by preventing the hot products of combustion from the rear part of the furnace from being directed against the front end of the chamber H it protects the firedoor, &c., from becoming too highly heated. The grate-moving mechanism should be so operated that the fuel will be spent and nothing but ashes remain When the doors ,2 are reached. Thus in the backward movement of the grate the ashes are discharged into the ash-pan M, the doors .2 tending to prevent such a rush of air upward from the rear end as would produce undue heat dilution. The rear hanging wall E besides protecting the hooks y tends to prevent an unduly large volume of air from rushing forward from the rear end of the chamber. I have found this hanging wall to be an important feature in preventing heat dilution, which is the result of too great a volume of air being mixed with the hot products of combustion.

The door or doors .2 offer just sufficient resistance to the movement of the cinders to cause them to back up and automatically fill the space under the cross-arch or hanging wall E to shut off the draft from the rear end of the grate. The doors must not press against the cinder-bed with sufficient force to crowd cinders between the teeth of the grate members,

as this would tend to result in breaking of the teeth when the latter come together after passing around the rear sprocketwheels. For this reason I provide doors which swing readily and do not bear with any material weight against the cinders.

In Fig. 4 I have shown that the guides or channel-bars q are fastened to the tubes 9 by bolts (1 fastened to the bar and passing down opposite sides of the tubes through stirrupplates (1 on the under sides of the tubes. This and other features of my construction may be variously modified without departing from the spirit of my invention as defined by the claims.

What I claimas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace, a fuel-advancing grate device comprising, in combination, a frame, shafts j ournaled in said frame, an endless grate formed of grate-sections arranged in a plurality of parallel endless series, the sections intermeshing with the next adjacent sections in the same series, an endless chain for each of said series to which the sections are removably and independently secured, a sprocketwheel on each of said shafts for each of said chains, and shaft-driving means.

2. In a furnace, a fuel-advancing grate device comprising, in combination, a frame,

shafts journaled in said frame, an endless grate formed of grate-sections arranged in a plurality of parallel endless series, the sections intermeshing with the next adjacent sections in the same series and interlocking with the sections of the series at opposite sides thereof, an endless chain for each of said series to which the sections are removably and independently secured, a sprocket-wheel on each of said shafts for each of said chains, and shaft-driving means.

3. In a furnace, a fuel-advancing grate device comprising, in combination, a frame, shafts journaled in said frame, an endless grate formed of grate-sections arranged in a plurality of parallel endless series, the sections intermeshing with the next adjacent sections in the same series, laterally-extending lugs on the sections engaging the under surfaces of the sections at opposite sides, an endless chain for each of said series to which the sections are removably and independently secured, a sprocket-wheel on each of said shafts for each of said chains, and shaft-driving means.

4. In a furnace, a fuel-advancing grate device comprising, in combination, a frame, shaftsjournaled in said frame, an endless grate, formed of grate-sections arranged in a plurality of parallel endless series, the sections intermeshing with the next adjacent sections in the same series, an endless chain for each of said series, the sections being formed each of two companion members removably secured to the chain, a sprocket-wheel on each of said shafts for each of said chains, and shaft-driving means.

5. In a furnace, at fuel-advancing grate device comprising, in combination, a frame, shafts journaled in said frame, an endless grate formed of grate-sections arranged in a plurality of parallel endless series, the sections intermeshing with the next adjacent sections in the same series, an endless chain for each of said series having vertical and horizontal links, the sections being independently secured to the said vertical links, a sprocketwheel on each of said shafts for each of said chains, and shaft-driving means,

WILLIAM A. KONEMAN.

In presence of M. l. IVIAOKENZIE, \(VALTER N. l/VINBERG.

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