US767071A - Flash-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

No. 767,071. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904.

H. LEMP.

FLA$E BOILER.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JAN. 16, 1901. N0 MODEL.

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No. 767,071. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904. H. LEMP.

FLASH BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1901.-

H0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. I JB U Hermann Lem a I yawn.

IN'O. 767,071. Patented August 9, 1904.

UNTTEn STATES PATENT EEicE.

l-IERMANN LFMP, OF LYNN, l\lASSACl-EIUSE'.I"FS, ASSTG'NOR, BY MESNE AS SIGNMENTS, TO GENERAL ELF TRIO COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEl/V YORK.

FLASH-*BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,071, dated Augus 9, 1904.

Application filed January 16, 1901. Serial No. 43,510- (No model.)

To whom V The interior of the casing is provided with a Be it known that I, HERMANN LuMr. a citisuitable lining B, of fire-brick or other heatzen of the United States, residing at Lynn, in resistingmaterial. Extending across the easthe county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, ing in a manner to support the boiler-tubes 5 have invented certainnew anduseful Improveand also to hold the lire-brick lining are T- ments in FlaslrBoilers, of which the following shaped supports (J, which are secured to the 55 is a specification. casing in anysuitable manner. The compart- In the operation of steam-propelled vehicles ments A and A are separated from each other designed forordinaryroadworli, where skilled at the bottom, but are connected at the top IO operators are not necessarily employed, the by the flue or passage A. The right-hand question of safety or freedom from explosion compartment is closed at the bottom by the 60 becomes the most important factor. Flashtop plate of the chute l), forming a part of boilers have long been recognized as being the. the downdraft-flue, and mounted on this plate safest type of boiler. since there is no considis a burner of any suitable construction. In

5 erablestorage-spaceforwaterand steam. This the present instance it is shown as consistlack of storage-space, however, is objectioning of vaporizing-tubes E and E, a plug E, 5 able when it is desired to start the vehicle. having one or more fuel-openings, and a Ordinarily a power-driven pump is employed baiiiing-plate L. Fuel is supplied to the burto supply water to the boiler, and this, in acner from any suitable sourcethrough the pipe cordance with the demand under ordinary con- M. In order to reduce the flame when no ditions of running and being driven from some steam is being drawn from the boiler, a pin 7 9 moving part of the vehicle, isinoperative when or needle N is provided, which more or less the latter is standing still. In order to start closes the opening or openings in the burnerthe vehicle, it is customary to use a manuallyplug and is actuated by a lever or any suit 5 actuated pump to supply the initial steamabledevicefromaconvenient point. The rear pressure to drive the engine, and consequently end of the casing is provided with a door F 75 the supply-pump, after which the system takes to permit inspection of the burner. As shown, care of itself. it is provided with a damper to regulate the My invention has for its object to overcome admission of air to the burner. On the sides 3 the objection above pointed out and to so arof the casing adjacent to the burner are derange the parts that the vehicle may be startflector-plates O, Fig. 3, which prevent the ed without the use of a manually-actuated cold air from directly striking the flame and pump, even though the vehicle has been stand' cause it to be deflected downward below the ing for a considerable interval of time. burner. As shown, the lire-brick linings, the

Referring to the accompanying drawings, deflector-plates O, and the burner constitute which illustrate an embodiment of my invena fire box or chamber. I have found this to 5 tion,Figure1 is avertical section of the boilerbe a satisfactory arrangement; but of course casing with the boiler-tube in elevation. Fig. any other suitable means may be provided for 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 2 2 of furnishing heat.

4 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation with cer- Situated below the burner-easing is achute tain of the parts broken away. Fig. 4. is a de- D, forming a part of the dowudraftdiue and 9 tail side View of the hood covering the up flue composed of a thin metal casing of the form or draft, and Fig. 5is a longitudinal sectional illustrated in Fig. 5. The left-hand end of View of the chute connected to the down draft the chute is enlarged and, is provided with an or flue. opening in the upper plate which coincides Referring to Fig. 1, A represents the boilerwith the opening A" in the front or left-hand casing, which is divided into two compartcompartmentof the boiler-casing. The open ments, and located in each of these eomparting and chute constitute a flue, and through mentsisaportion or section of the flash-boiler. it the products of combustion pass to the external atmosphere. Extending into the flue D on the front end is the exhaust-pipe G from the engine. The object of this arrangement is to create a forced draft, so that the proclucts of combustion instead of passing out through the up or natural draft flue H, thereby shunting a portion of the boiler-tubes, will pass through all of the tubes and out at the bottom. This arrangement also serves to heat the exhaust, and thereby render it invisible at ordinary temperatures. So far as the idea of creating a draft is concerned, in order to bring the second or left-hand section of the boiler into operation other means might be arranged to deliver air or other fluid to the flue; but since the exhaust has to be disposed of and it will perform the work I prefer the arrangement illustrated.

The upper right-hand corner of the casing is provided with an opening H, which I term the natural or up draft flue, since the products of combustion when no steam is being drawn from the boiler pass out through this opening. The opening may or may not extend entirely across the boiler-casing, as desired. In any event it is provided with a hood I, closed at all points except the ends, which extends transversely across the end of the casing in order to carry the products of combustion outward toward the sides of the vehicle, where they will not annoy the occupant. As the products of combustion rise and pass through the opening of flue H their direction of movement changes from vertical to horizontal, at the same time dividing more or less, some of the products passing out at one end and the remainder out at the other end of the hood. The hood, as shown, is provided with a shouldered end' which fits into the open end of the curved piece I, forming a part of the casing. The particular shape of this hood is immaterial; but 1 have found it very advantageous to make it removable, so that the flues may be cleaned and the boiler inspected.

The boiler is composed of two connected sections J and J, each section being located in a separate compartment in the boiler-casing. As shown, the larger section J is located in the compartment A, since this has been found to be a very satisfactory arrangement; but the relation of the grids or turns in one section to those in the other may be altered as desired to suit any given condition. The sections may either be made up from a single length of pipe bent back and forth to form grids or they may be made up of separate grids and welded or united in any suitable manner. The sections in the present instance are supported by T-shaped pieces 0; but any suitable support may be provided which will permit of the grids having a certain freedom of motion to compensate for changes in temperature. ater enters the boiler through the pipe K, and steam leaves it through the pipe P. It will be seen that the water-pipe is connected to that portion of the boiler remote from the flame, while the steam-pipe is connected to that portion of the boiler directly over the flame. ater is forced into the boiler through the pipe K and at some intermediate point in the boiler is flashed into steam, and from that time on the temperature of the steam rapidly increases. By taking steam from the upper end of the boiler-section J the temperature is not quite so high as though taken from the bottom of the section; but the arrangement shown is not so hard on the boiler-tubes and for that reason is preferable.

Assuming that the boiler-tubes are filled with water and steam and that the delivery of steam from the boilerceases and the burnerflame has been reduced, this will cut off the exhaust from pipe G, and the products of combustion will pass out through the flue H and hood I, or, in other words, through the natural draft. The temperature in section J rapidly decreases, causing the steam therein to condense and, as water, settle in the bottom of the tubes or grids. The flame from the burner will maintain a certain amount of steam in the boiler-section J, which can be drawn when it is desired to start the vehicle or other mechanism. This flame may be sufficient to make steam when the pin N is inserted; if not, the pin can readily be withdrawn. The water in the boiler-section J acts as a reserve supply and takes the place of that commonly supplied by the manually-actuated pump. The amount of steam in section J of the boiler is suflicient to turn the engine over once or twice, and the exhaust-steam therefrom entering the flue D will draw the products of combustion up through the compartment A and down through the compartment A, as indicated in Fig. 1. This will vaporize the water in both sections of the boiler, thereby furnishing more steam to the engine, and as the amount of exhaust therefrom continues to increase the draft will increase, and the power-driven pump will supply the requisite amount of water to the boiler.

It will be noted that as the forced-draft flue is situated at that end of the boiler remote from the burner and as the natural-draft flue is located at an intermediate point the products of combustion may be controlled to heat a definite part of the boiler or the entire boiler. The natural draft operates only when the forced draft is inactive, and thereby affords means for controlling the products of combustion to heat a definite portion or section of the boiler; but as soon as the forced draft is called into service the natural draft is arrested by reason of the forced draft being much stronger than the natural draft and acts in opposition thereto, so as to draw all of the products of combustion through the entire boiler.

The broad idea of a cross-flue, together with the specific construction and arrangement, is not claimed in the present application, because it forms the subject-matter of a separate application, Serial No. 69,904, filed July 27, 1901.

The arrangement of the burner and the means for feeding air thereto are not claimed in the present application, because they form the subject-matter of a divisional application, Serial No. 143,314, filed February 14, 1903, said division being made under the requirements of Itules 41 and 42 of the Rules of Practice of the United States Patent Oflice.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In combination, a sectional flash-boiler, a casing therefor which is divided into con1- partments, each compartment containing a boiler-section, a flue in communication with one compartment through which the products of combustion naturally pass, and a second flue which is in communication with a second compartment for receiving all of the waste products of combustion when the boiler is working under normal conditions.

2. In combination, a sectional flash-boiler, a fire-box therefor, a flue controlling the products of combustion to heat one section of the boiler, a second flue controlling the products of combustion to heat the entire boiler, and means in the second flue for creatinga forced draft through the boiler.

3. In combination, a burner, a flue affording a natural draft, a section of a flash-boiler located between the burner and the flue and in a position to absorb the heat, a second boiler-section connected to the first, and a second flue arranged to draw fire-gases through both sections of the boiler and away from the first-named flue.

4. In combination, a section of a fiaslr boiler, a burner arranged in cooperative relation thereto, a flue controlling the heating of said section, a second boiler-section, a second flue controlling the heating of both sections, and an exhaust-pipe entering the second flue.

5. In combination, a burner, a sectional flash-boiler, an inclosure for one of the sections, a flue leading from the inclosure, an inclosure for the other section in communication with the first inclosure, and means for causing the fire-gases to pass through both inclosures.

6. In combination, a flash-boiler section, a fire-box arranged to heat the section at all times, aflue arranged to receive the waste firegases when the section is operating under certain conditions, a'second section connected to the first and operative only under conditions of increased load, and a second. line arranged to receive the waste lire'gases after they pass7 through both the boiler-sections.

7 In combination, a boiler composed of a number of coils of pipe, at firebox, means for causing the fire-gases to act on a few coils of .the boiler when steam is not being drawn, and

means for causing the lire-gases to act on all of the coils when steam is being drawn.

8. In combination,a boiler-section,a burner, means for varying the burner-flame, a line controlling the heating of one portion of the boiler, a second boiler-section, and a second flue arranged to control substantially all of the products of combustion for heating both sections.

9. In combination, a boilercomposed of sections, a casing having a compartment for each section, a passage connecting the compartments, a lire-box, a flue through which the products of combustion naturally pass, and a second flue directly connected with one compartment, but not with the other, and means in the second flue for creating a forced draft through the compartments.

10. In combination, a boiler, a casing, a firebox, an upwardly-opening fine, a downwardly-opening flue, and a removable openended hood for the upwardly-opening fine.

11. In combination, a casing divided into compartments, a boiler divided. into sections, each section being located in a separate compartment but joined together, a flue for creating an updraft through one section, a transversely-extending hood secured thereto, and a second fine for creating a downdraft through a second section.

12. In combination, a casing divided. into compartments, a boiler, a fire-box, a fine for creating an updraft in one compartment, a second flue for creating a downdraft in another compartment, and an exhaust-pipe which enters the second flue.

13. In combination, a casing divided into compartments, aboiler composed of sections, each section being located in a separate compartment and composed of tubing bent back and forth to form a grid, supports for each of the sections, an up-flue connected with one section, and a second flue constituting a downdraft connected with the lower end of another section.

14. In combination, a boiler, a casing there for, an up or natural flue, a down draft or line, and a chute which connects with the downdraft and carries the products of combustion rearwardly toward the end of'the casing.

15. In combination, a boiler, comprising sections, separate compartments for the sections, a burner for the boiler, means for limiting the heat of the burner to a definite section of the boiler, and means arresting the action of the first means for heating the entire boiler.

16. In combination, a boiler, comprising sections, separate communicating compartments, a burner, means for controlling the heat of the burner relatively to all the compartments, means for limiting the heat of the burner to one compartment, means for supplying water to the boiler at a point remote from the burner, and means for delivering steam from the boiler adjacent to the burner.

17. In combination, a boiler, a burner there for, means for controlling the heating of a portion of the boiler, a steam-delivery pipe connected with said portion, means for controlling the heating of the entire boiler, and means for supplying liquid to the boiler at the end thereof remote from the burner.

18. In combination, a steam generating and superheating conduit or passage, a burner arranged in cooperative relation thereto, and means whereby the entire passage may be heated or only the superheating portion thereof.

19. In combination, a steam generating and superheating conduit or passage, a burner therefor, and means for controlling the products of combustion for heating the entire passage or substantially the superheating portion thereof whereby the remaining portion of the passage becomes a storage for liquid.

20. In combination, a burner, a steam generating and superheating conduit or passage in which water is supplied toward the burner, and means for controlling the products of combustion for heating the entire passage or only the superheating portion thereof.

21. In combination, a burner, two communicating compartments, means for directing the products of combustion through both, a coil in one compartment adapted to supply liquid in a counter direction to the passage of the products of combustion, a coil in the other compartment adapted to receive fluid from the other coil and to deliver it in the direction of the moving products of combustion, and means for controlling the heating only of the latter coil. 7

22. In combination, a burner, two communicating compartments, means for directing the products of combustion through both, a coil in one compartment adapted to supply liquid in a counter direction to the moving products of combustion, a coil in the other compartment adapted to receive fluid from the other coil at a point adjacent to the burner and to deliver it in the direction of the moving products of combustion, and means for controlling the heating only of the latter coil.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of January, 1901.

HERMANN LEMP.

Witnesses:

DUGALD McK. McKILLor, JOHN J. WALKER.

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