US752890A - Hydrocarbon-burner - Google Patents

Description

No. 752,890. PATENTED FEB. 23, 1904.

G. W. DRA$EL HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20. 1 902.

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PATENTED FEB. 23. 1904.

G. W. DRA'SEL.

HYDROG-AR BO-N BURNER.

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bl a a No. 752,890. PATENTED FEB.23,1904.

G. W. DRAs L. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20. 1902.

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PA TBNTED FEB. 23, 1904.

G. W. DRKSEL.

HYDROOARBON BURNER. APPLICATION rum) NOV. 20, 19oz.

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" "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV W. DRASEL; OFHOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

H-YDHOCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,890, dated. February 23, 1904.

Application filed November .20, 1902. Serial N0.132,058. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, GUSTAV XV. Dnlsnn, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hoboken, inthe county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon-furnaces in which a liquid fuel is vaporized, mixedwith air, and consumed.

The objects which this invention has in view are to secure great simplicity, both in the construction and in the operation of such furnaces, to attain high efiiciency, and to produce a burner which can be set up readily in any fire-box and shall be capable of enduring the high temperature to which it is subjected. The construction of the burner-body is materially cheapened in that it may be formed by the assembling of a few separate heavy castings,thus eliminating almost entirely drilling and boring in the construction of such furnaces. The construction of the carburetor, while providing a structure capable of enduring high temperature without change of shape or burning out, likewise comprises but few parts easily formed.

The features of the invention will more fully appear hereinafter and upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view in elevationof the burnerbody looking toward the side upon which the burners proper are located. Fig. 2 is aview in elevation of the burner-body looking toward the end at which the fuel-supply tubes enter said body. Fig. 3 is aplan view of one -of the castings of which the burner-body is composed, showing one of the recessed faces of said casting. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken upon the plane indicated by the broken line 4 4c of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken upon the plane indicated by the broken line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the carbureters on a somewhat-larger scale. Fig. 7 is a view taken upon the plane indicated by the broken line 7 7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a view taken on the plane indicated by the broken line 8 8 of Fig.

.6. Fig. 9 is a View in elevation of a modification of the burner-body. Fig. 10 is a plan View of still another modification of the burnerbody. Fig. 11 is a detail view of the modification shown in Fig. 10, showing the top portion of the face of the burner-body upon which the burner-slits are located. Fig. 12 is a view illustrating the location of a burnerbody in a fire-box. I

The burner-body A, in which the burners proper are located and which is provided with ducts and channels for supplying fuel and air to the burners, is formed, preferably, ofa suitable number of separate castings a. The preferred shape of these castings is that of an elongated rectangular prism and, as will be observed by referring to Fig. 3 of each of them except the top and bottom castings, is provided on two opposite faces with longitudinal grooves a and a", the grooves in either face being designed to register and cooperate with corresponding grooves 09 and a in the contacting face of an adjacent casting to form the supply ducts and channels above referred to. These faces are also chamfered at one edge, as indicated in Fig. 3, to form when the castings are secured together long narrow slits 7 (1,, Fig. 1, which constitute the burners proper. Numerous small transverse channels a and a are formed in the face of each casting to distribute the gaseous fuel from the supply-channel a to the burner-slit a and to distribute an additional supply of air from the air-duct a to the fu el-duct (0 The several castings, which may be secured together in any suitable manany leaking which might occur at these joints.

The size of the furnace and the quantity of heat required will determine the number of castings necessary to constitute the burnerbody, it being obvious that the number of burners a will equal the number of castings aless one, and a burner of any desired size fuel to the fuel-ducts a each tube d communicating through the conduits Z) and b, bored 64 as shown in Fig. 1. These tubes d are brought from the outside of the fire-box and are carried around the inner side of the burner 7 orized by the heat from the burners beneath it before it is admitted to such burners. Each of the tubes cl is provided with a cock d* to control the supply of fuel to the burner and to check entirely the flow of fuel when the burner is not in use- The base-section E of the burner-body is formed to provide means for vaporizing the fuel preliminary-to firing up, and to this end has bored therein two longitudinal ducts 0, one .at each end, each of said longitudinal ducts communicating through smaller vertical holes e with a corresponding burner-slit 6 A fuel-supply tube f, having a controllingcockf' and communicating at its extremity with the ducts .9 through a tube f is carried around the burner-body, so that a considerable portion of it will lie directly above the slits e in the upper surface of the base E.

At a suitable point in each of the fuel-supply tubes is connected a carbureter G to partially vaporize the liquid fuel by the admixture of a quantity of air. While the invention is not to be considered as limited to any particular form of carbureter, this preferably comprises a pipe 9 for supplying liquid fuel, connected with'a supply of oil under pressure and provided at its discharge end with a nozzle for spraying the liquid fuel, and a tube 9, also provided with a nozzle 9 for further spraying and mixing the liquid fuel and air and surrounding the nozzle end of the tube g. A plug g closes the end of the fuel-supply tube and receives and supports the pipe 9, while tube 9 is supported within the fuel-supply tube 03 by means of a perforated ring g Air' may be admitted into the fuel-supply tube through openings g and g, which communicate with an air-supply through a pipe, (indicated at 9 Valves g controlled by cocks g serve to regulate the flow of air, which, it will be understood, is supplied under pressure by a pump or similar device. (Not shown.)

In the feeding of the hydrocarbon through the carbureter to the burner such hydrocarbon, being delivered under pressure, will issue from the nozzle of the pipe 9 in the form of spray and be discharged into tube 9, being therein mixed with a quantity of air which is being continuously supplied to said tube 9 through the opening y back of the nozzle.

The mixture thus formed will be discharged again from nozzle on tube g into tube (1, mto whlch air under pressure is being continuously supplied through the perforations in each alternate casting, with two of the ducts I produced is found to be thorough, uniform,

and substantially permanent, giving excellent results when subsequently vaporized by heat. When it is desired to fire up, cock f in fuelsupply tube f is opened to allow the hydrocarbon mixture formed by the carbureter to enter ducts e. As the gaseous mixture, escapes through the slits 0 it is ignited, and quickly the tube f heats and vaporizes the mixture therein. The intense heat from the burner 6 then quickly heats the lowest tube (Z to a vaporizing temperature, and the hydrocarbon mixture is admitted thereto and is vaporized and delivered to the corresponding ducts and burnerslits. Thus each burner heats the fuel-supply tube above it, and the maximum temperature is quickly attained. As the combustion proceeds the burner-body and supply-tubes d are kept sufficiently hot to completely vaporize the fuel in said tubes and burner-body, transforming the mixture which is received from the carbureter into a hot dry gas, which may be further mixed with air from air-ducts a, and the furnace requires no further attention, except to regulate the intensity of combustion by controlling the rate of fuel-supply.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 9 the fuel-supply tubes d are formed integral with the castings of which the burner-body is composed, and for this purpose each burner-section may be'cast with a shoulder d extending longitudinally across its front face, these shoulders being subsequently bored to form the fuel-supply channels d. The front portion of the base E is also preferably provided with a depression 6 to receive a quantity of liquid fuel for initially heating the burner-body, although it will be understood that said base may be provided with the ducts e and burnerslits 6 shown in Figs. 2 and 4 and which have already been described.

In Figs. 10 and 11 another modification of the burner is illustrated, and this is the form which it is preferable to employ for large boilers.

The base E of this modification is provided with burners for initially heating the burner-body A, said burners being indicated by the broken line 6. The castings of which the burner-body is composed may be of any desired length, and in one of the faces of each IIO of said castings triangular depressions-a are formed,which depressions constitute the burn-f ers proper, and grooves a are also formed therein and constitute air-ducts for furnishing a quantity of air to said burners. Open: ings a are also provided in said castings, through which the fuel-supply tubes (Z enter, which tubes may be bent to and fro, as indi cated, and which are heated by the burners 6 directly beneath the same. The burners 6* may be the same as the initial burners shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and are therefore indicated in Fig. 10 by dotted lines. The burner-body Amay be made up of as many of these castings as are necessary to furnish the desired quantity of heat, each casting being laid, preferably, with its recessed face upward, which face is in contact with the smooth face of the casting next above.' The uppermost casting a it willbe understood, is a plain one, and it Will also be understood that the lowermost casting may be supported slightly above the,

base to allow room for the jets from the burners e to impinge upon it.

' In Fig. 12 a burner A is shown in place in a furnace H. In setting up one of the burners within a furnace a burner of suitable size is readily assembled in the furnace through the furnace-door h, the proper connections are made with the air tubes 0 and fuel-supply tubes (Z, and the burner is then ready for immediate use. The large mass of the burner enables it to withstand the intense heat which is generated, and there are no parts to be quickly burned out or easily clogged. Whenever it is' desirable to clean the burner thoroughly, it can be quickly taken apart, cleaned, and reassembled. The heat generated is intense and the combustion is perfect, the mixture formed by the carbureter outside of the furnace being completely vaporized before it is delivered to the burner, where it is consumed as a dry gas. a

I claim as my invention 1. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising a se ries of solid blocks and having burner-slits formed between the edges of adjacent blocks, parallel recesses formed longitudinally in the contacting faces of adjacent blocks to constitute ducts for fuel and air and means of comniiunication between said ducts and burners its.

2. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising a series of solid blocks and having burner -slits formed between the edges of adjacent blocks, parallel recesses formed longitudinally between the contacting faces of adjacent blocks to constitute ducts for fuel and air, and a plurality of ducts connecting said recesses and said recesses and burner-slits.

3. A hydrocarbon-burner, comprising a series of solid blocks and having burner-slits formed between the edges of adjacent blocks, a recess formed longitudinally between the body of separately-formed castings having air-ducts extending longitudinally thereof, fuel-ducts parallel with the said air-ducts and communicating with the air-ducts at intervals throughout their entire lengths, and burnerslits upon the outer surface of thebody parallel to said ducts and communicating with said ducts at intervals throughout their entire lengths, said ducts and slits being formed be tween the adjacent castings of the burnerbody.

, 5. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a body of separately-formed castings having air-ducts extending longitudinally thereof, fuel-ducts parallel wit-h said air-ducts, channels connecting said air and fuel ducts at intervals throughout their entire lengths, burnerslits upon the outer surface of the body parallel to said ducts, and channels connecting said fuel ducts and burner slits at intervals throughout their entire lengths, said ducts, channels and slits being formed between the adjacent castings of the burner-body.

6. In a hydrocarbon-furnace, the combination of a burner comprising a solid prismatic body, a series of air-ducts, a series of fuelducts, said air and fuel ducts being arranged in pairs of which one air-duct and one fuelduct constitute a single pair, channels connecting the ducts in each of said pairs, a series of elongated burner-slits upon the outer surface of the burner-body, and channels communicating respectively with each of said fuelducts and opening into the corresponding burner-slit, and a series of fuel-supply tubes carried around the burner -body near the burner-slits respectively and communicating respectively with the fuel-ducts whereby the fuel may be heated and vaporized before passing into the burner.

7. In a hydrocarbon-furnace, the combination of a burner comprising a solid prismatic body, a series of air-ducts, a series of fuelducts, said air and fuel ducts being arranged in pairs of which one air-duct and one fuelduct constitute a single pair, channels connecting the ducts in each of said pairs, a series of elongated burner-slits upon the outer surface of the burner-body, and channels communicating respectively with each of said fuel-ducts and opening into the corresponding burnerslit, a series of fuel supply tubes carried around the burner-body near the burner-slits respectively and communicating respectively with the fuel-ducts, and a carbureter commu nicating with each of said fuel-tubes.

8. A hydrocarbon-burner having a solid municating with said fuel-duct and opening body composed of aplurality of solid prismatic into said slit. 1o castings, each pair of adjacent castings having This specification signed and witnessed this registering grooves upon their contacting 15th day of November, A. D. 1902.

5 faces, which grooves form Within the burner- GUSTAV W. DRASEL.

body an air-duct, a fuel-duct, channels con- In presence of necting said ducts, an elongated slit upon the ANTHONY N. J ESBERA, outer surface of said body, and channels com- W. 'B. GREELEY.

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