US758281A - Combustion structure. - Google Patents

Description

'PATENTED APR. 26, 1904. Gro. SAVAGE. GOMBUST-ION STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB.. 9. 19.03.

No mmm..-l

U NITED STATES,

Patented April 26, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GILEs CHRISTOPHER sAvAeE, or NAsHvTLLE, TEWET i ssEE." A

GOMBUSTION STRUGTUE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters. Patent No. 758,281, dated April 2,6, 1904.

Application filed Aprilg, 1903.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known thatI, GILEs CHRISTOPHER SAV- AGE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Nashville, county of Davidson, State of Tennessee, have, invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combustion Structures, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to structures for burning fuel and which may be designated "combustion structures, such as open grates, stoves, and furnaces; and my object is to provide a structure of this character in which the fuel may be burned in the most eiicient and economical manner and in such a way that the greater part of the carbon in the fuel may be consumed, so as not only to increase theheating efliciency of the structure, but to consume the smoke arising from the primary combustion, which ordinarily passes unconsumed through the flue or chimney.

In carrying out my inventionI make use of an efficlent means for eifectmg primary combustion of the fuel, and in a peculiar manner l IV introduce air to supply oxygen, imparting to the said air heat derived from the combustion before it enters into and mingles with the mass of fuel, and I further effect more perfect combustion by the use of a secondarycombustion of the fuel-that is, a combustion of the unconsum'ed carbon resulting from'the primary combustion-and I use anj efficient means whereby the air for secondary combustion may be heated to a sufficient extent to increase the eiiciencyof the oxygen of' said air in combining with the unconsumed carbon resulting from the primary combustion.

A furthur object is to provide a portable air-feeding device for combustion structures whereby the same may beV readily applied to existing combustion structures, such as open grates inparticular, thereby effecting all the desirable advantages hereinbefore indicated.

With these objects in view my invention consists in the novel construction hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings and details thereof and as more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure l is a central vertical section of an open grate, showing my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of my portable air-feeding structure detached from said Serial No. 151,8831 (No model.)

grate. Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of the conf struction shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is amodi- Y iication showing the application of my invention to a cook'stoveor range. f

Referring to the drawings, in which the same' reference characters relate to the same or corresponding parts in all the views, l indicates an open replace having the usual back or bridge wall 3, in which there is set between the jambs an ordinary form of grate 6, upon which rests the mass of fuel. Applied to the front of the fireplace is a frame 2, extending y l on each side thereof. A y

In many instances it may be desirable to pro;- vide grates already in existence with my improvements,and in Figs. l, 2, and` 3 I have shown the preferable form of lmy invention as 'a portable air-feeding structure whereby air may be supplied to support the primary and secondary combustion in the manner as hereinafter described, such portable device being readily applicable to ordinary lopen grates. In this form a box or casinglt is provided'with a partition extending, from its top in a median line to ac point near the bot.- tom of the grate, the rear of the box `toward the ash-pit having an vopening 16 for discharging the air which passes through a slot 15in thefront portion of the box downwardly and through said opening and slot to the ash# pit, andthence it is supplied with anA additional heat to that which it derives in its passage downward through the conduit in front of the grate and upwardly into the grate torsup port primaryA combustion. The rear portion of the box, in addition to thegrate, constitutes a secondary air-feeding chamber, deriving its air through openings 17, passing transversely 'through the sides of the box into said chamber, the airrising in the chamber and discharging rearwardly through an opening 18 into the unconsumed carbon or carbon monoxid resulting from the primary combustion, the result of 'which is a thorough admixture of the air with such carbon monoXid and a more perfect combustion of the fuel and with a minimum unconsumed carbon,Y as in the former case. This portable air-feeder is adapted for ready application, as above noted, to existing grates or combustion structures. In Fig. 4: have shown a form of my device applied to a stove Vor range in which a similar box structure to that of Fig.y 7 is shown, the front part of the stove being provided with a box 14, divided into two airchambers, communicating rst with the primary combustion through a slot 15, leading into the conduit, the latter of which opens into an ash-pit below the grate of 6, while the inner chamber communicates by a tube 17 with external air, which discharges the latter forwardly and inwardly through the slot 18 to the burning mass of fuel. A similar means for effecting primary and secondary combustion is likewise applicable to all forms of heating-stoves and hot-air furnaces.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that both the primary and secondarycombustion are effected by air which is previously heated by passage of the same through flues or conduits in such proximity with the heating structure or some wall or surface thereof as to give the greatest heating effect and in the simplest manner, while the primary combustion is effected by air which is not only passed through such a conduit, but through the ash-pit, a high heat bey ing always maintained therein during the cornbustion and particularlywhen this ash-pit is closed. l v

With my invention applied to a combustion structure not only is a considerable amount of heat hitherto lost reserved for heating purposes, but a great percentage of all carbon monoxid which commonly passes o under the former practice is consumed by the addition of air during the secondary combustion.

By reference to Fig. l the arrows indicate thedirection as it is found by experiment and observation which the currents of air take in supplying an open grate with my invention applied thereto. The upper arrow shows some of the air passing forwardly into the chimney or flue, while others show some air'passing toward the center portion and directly back, striking the bridge-wall 3, part of it being ldirected upward and the other part downward, creating an eddy which, joining with the air passing over the top of the grate, is drawn downward by the suction created by the current passing downwardly through the conduit into` the ash-pit, forming an eddy which insures a thorough commingling of the air with the carbon monoxid, thereby promoting the most eflicient manner of the com bustion of this residue. I claim as my invention- 1. The herein-described air-feeding structure for combustion structures, consisting of a casing having a partition extending substantially parallel to the front and rear walls of said casing and dividing the same into the air-feeding conduits, one of said conduits having inlet for air for primary combustion and opening downwardly intol the space below the bottom of the other conduit, and the other conduit opening near the top of the casing, a passage for admitting air to the latter conduit, said conduits being so disposed that air for supporting primary combustion is drawn downwardly and discharged into the ash-pit below the grate-bars and the air for supporting secondary combusti-on is discharged into the lire-pot above the burning mass of fuel, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described removable air-feed'- ing structure for combustion structures, such as open grates, consisting of a box or casing having a partition extending substantially parallel to the front and rear walls of-the box or casing and dividing the said box or casing into two air-feeding conduits, one of said conduits having an inlet for air for'primary combustion and opening downwardly' into the space below the bottom of the other conduit, and the other conduit opening near the top of the box, a passage Vfor admitting air to said latter conduit, said conduits being so disposed that air for supporting primary combustion is drawn downwardly and discharged into the ash-pit below the grate-bars when 'the feeder is in place and the air for supporting secondary combustion is discharged into the {ire-pot abovey the burning'mass of fuel', substantially as described.

3. The herein -described improvement in combustion structures comprising a portable casing or box adapted to be placed in front of the grate, the front wall of said box or casing having an opening near its top adapted to receive air, and apartition dividing said box into two conduits, one extending downwardly and opening at a point below the grate of the combustion structure when the box or casing is in place, and the other'conduit extending upwardly and opening into the fire-pot and adapted to discharge air into the products of combustion resulting from the primary combustion of the grate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.'

lGir/iis CHRISTOPHER SAVAGE.

Witnesses:

G. H. SAVAGE, R. S. DoAK.

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