US7425A - peters - Google Patents

Description

NA PETERS, FHDTOLITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON, DIC.

WEE smarts PATENT. @Prion DEEE GREEN, or DAL'roN, GEoRGIiA.

METHOD `or FORMING EMBANKMENTS, LEvEEs, am.

Specification of Letters; Patent No. "7,4255,datedJunef11,1850.`

To all whom t may concerw:

Be it known that I, DUFF GREEN, of Dalton, in the county of Murray and `State of Georgia, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Methods of Removing Earth, Constructing Embankments, and Filling Up of Low Lands, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which exemplifies the manner in which my invention is carried into effect and which forms part of this specification.

My invention consists in conveying the earth from the `site whence it is to be removed to the place where it is to be deposited by means of a current of water caused to flow articially in a trough` or trench from the one place to the other with sufficient velocity to carry along with it the earth thrown therein, but which, when it arrives at the place of deposit has its `velocity sufficiently checked to be no longer capable of carrying alongthe earth which is therefore deposited.

In order to form an embankment by my process I commence by constructing brush dams on each side of the space on whichthe embankment is to be formed; I then select as the site whence the earth is to be furnished the nearest high ground to which a stream of `water can be conveniently conveyed from some higher source or to `which itcan be raised from some lower source;`

from this site to the space between the brush dams, I construct a trench ortrough with a suflicient descent to give the water running through it `the requisite velocity to carry along the earth thrown therein. If now the water be caused to flow through the trough so formed and the earth be thrown into it, the latter will be carried with the water into the space between the brush dams where the velocity `of the water, from the large space over which it is distributed, is checked to such a degree that it can no longer carry along the earth which is therefore deposited, the heavier portions nearer the mouth of the trough, and the lighter at distances from it proportioned to their density, the brush dams acting as fillers to retain the earth and allow the water to escape.

structedi to: thepspace D between the brush` dams E, E. The earth at the high ground is thrown into this trough and discharged between the dams.

Where brush can not conveniently be procured in suiicient quantity, the dams may be made of earth` in which waste-weirs should be made at some dist-ance from the foot of the trough to allow the surface water to flow off. As the greatest deposit takes place near the foot of the trough the latter must be gradually extended in different directions to cause the `embankment to rise equally and as the space between the dams is gradually lled up, the latter must be progressively raised until the embankment reaches the requisite height, care being taken to give them the requisite batter to ensure the stability of the embankment. In filling up low lands it may only be necessary to construct a single dam at the lowest side of the space to be fitted up as the ground rising on `.the other sides will itself retain the water.

In cases where the distancebetweenthe two sites is considerable it may he expedient to substitute a close pipe (G Fig. 2), in place of the open trough and to keep up the velocity of the water by the introduction, at suitable intervals, of supplementary streams (b). In such cases care should be taken to cause the supplementary streams to enter the pipe (as at Fig. 2) at a small angle in the same direction in which the water in the pipe is flowing, and a hanging gate a' should be placed at such points to prevent the reflux of the water from the main pipe into the pipe which conveys the supplementary stream.

The examples given herein are suflicient to show the manner of carrying my invention into practice, but it is obvious that my invention admits of far more extended applications, and I intend to apply it and claim the right to use it wherever it is applicable for engineering or other purposes and especially to making levees or embankments on the banks of rivers; in these cases or when used for conveying earth to a considerable distance it will be expedient to construct the main pipe with branches and openings by means of which lateral or cross embankments can be made; these branches will also be of use in removing obstructions from the main pipe as the latter may be shut off below the branch or opening `nearest the obstruction and the Whole force of the Water Water from a higher level, substantially as j Will then act to drive the obstruction through herein specied.

the branch. In testimony whereof I have hereunto What I claim as my invention and desire subscribed my name this nineteenth day of 5 to secure by Letters Patent is March A. D. 1850.

The method herein described of deposit- DUFF GREEN ing earth to form embankments, levees, ete., and to fill up 10W situations, by means of Witnesses: vfiltering dams, or their equivalents, and a P. IFI. WATSON,

10 trough or conduit conveying earth and Y E. S, RENWICK.

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