US741069A - Smoke-preventing furnace. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD OCT. 13. 1903.

A. W. PUDDINGTON. SMOKE PRBVENTING PURNAGE.

APPLIGA'IGN FILED 0UT.'31, 1900.

3 SHEETS-,SHEET l.

Nov Mohn.

kwf Q DOOOOODO O0 00 00000090000 nscs.: '62@ @2 M vm: mums Eriks co., Pham-uma.. wlxswmnrou, n. x:4

No. 741,069. PATElJTED 00T. 13,1903,

A. W. PUDDINGTON..

SMOKE PREVENTING EURNAGE.

APPLIGATIUN FILED 0G'1'.31, 1900.

N0 MODEL. l 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' Mine's" A l'nvenlior:

i2 MM l gf;

f No. 741,069.- PATBNTBD 00T. 13, 1903.

A. W.PUDDINGT0N. SMOKE PREVENTING PURNAGBY.

APPLIGATIDN FILED 00T.31, 1900. Y

NO MODEL. 3 SHEET-SHEET 3.

PI/inesse:

f NITED S'VIVATEsTy Patented October 13,190.3.

ARTHUR W. PUDDINYGTON,.OFVPROVIDENCR RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED STATES--FUELSAVING AND SMOKE CONSUMING COMPANY, OF'

PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

smoke-PREVENT'ING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N. '741,069, 'daten october 13, 190e.

` Application filed Uctober 31, 1900i Serial No. 34,299. (No model.)

T @ZZ whom, t may con/cern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR-W.v Pennine` TON, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode' Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke-Preventing Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to smoke preventing or comsuming furnaces for use in heating ro steam-boilers or i'n'si'milar situations; and its object is to attain in a higher degree than heretofore the results for which furnaces of this character are designed.

The invention involves the employmentof a deflecting-wall projecting downwardly from the boiler or heated structure and spanning the rear portion of' the grate,this wall in an ordinary furnace being located in front ot' the bridge-wall, so as to deflect downwardly the zo products of combustion which are about to pass .over said bridgewall, together with means for supplying a supporter of combustion to the space behind this deliecting-wall. By such an arrangement the smoke and unz 5 consumed combustible gases distilled off from the front of the bed of fuel on-the grate are caused to pass close to the rear portion of said bed of fuel, which is in an incandescent state,whereby their temperature is raised 3o to the point of ignition, and when in this con# dition an additional supply of air from an eX- traneous source or an injection of combustible gases, such as oxygen and-hydrogen, resulting from the decomposition of steam is 3 5 intermixed with the gases and smoke, and a very intense and complete co mbustion ensues..

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a longitudinal vertical section of a furnace constructed in accordance with my 4o invention. Fig. 2 represents asection on line 2 2 of Fig. l. n Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3y 3 of Fig. l.' Fig. 4 represents a detail perspective view of a special form Aof brick making up the air-conduit. Fig. represents a detail perspective View of`thefretort employed.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures. A

Referring to the drawings, I have represented my invention employed in connection with a shell-boiler l, although it is applicable to various other types of boiler. 2 isthe front wall of the furnace, built beneath -said`boile1',

`3 3 are the side Walls, 4 is the bridgewall,

and 5 is the grate, all constructed in the usual manner and the said front, side, and bridge walls constitutingthefurnace-inclosure. At a point preferably nearer the bridge -wall than to the front Wall va ,detlecting-wall or "bridge-wall 4. This deiiecting-wall may be unsupported from below5'but in the drawings, for the purpose of supporting said wall and for the additional purpose of dividing the space above the rear' portion of the grate into two compartments I have shown a short longitudinal wall' "i built directly upon the grate 5 and extending forward from the bridgewall 4 to the detlecting-wall 6, the middle part of the latter resting on the longitudinal wall 7. This wall 7may be termed a trunf cated wall, inasmuch asit does not extend to the top of the furnace or combustion-chamber. The eifect of the detlecting-wall 6 is to intercept the smoke and gases arisingfrom the front part of the bed'of fuel and pass them down underneath its lower edge, thereby causing said smoke and gases to pass close to the incandescent rear portion of said bed of fuel. .The reference to this incandescent portion of the fuel-bed will Vbe well understood, inasmuch as it is well known that in stoking furnaces the fresh fuel is added at the front of the grate and the partially-consumed portion israked back from time to time onto the rear part of the grate, the said rear portion of the fuel-bed being therefore normally in a much hotter state than the'fro'nt portion, where the fresh fuel is added. Although the provision of a deliecting-wall, such. as the wall 6', will improve combustion in the manner stated, when used alone it is not effective in lprevent- 95 ing smoke, particularly when fresh fuel is added. In addition I provide means for supplying from an extraneous source a combustible gas, which is introduced into the space in the vrear of the deliecting-wall, and air, whereby the smoke and gases heated by the incandescent fuel are caused to burn and become completely consumed. As shown in the drawings, I embed a retort S in the side and bridge walls 3 4 above the grate, said retort preferably consisting of a pipe bent into a series of convolutions, as shown in Fig. 5, and above this retort, in the side and bridge Walls, I locate an air-conduit. This conduit is composed of longitudinal air-passages 9 9 in the side wall, having suitable air-inlets at their rear ends, and a cross-passage 10, connecting said passages 9 and located at the crest ofthe bridge-wall. r1`he upper convolution of the retort 8 is provided with a series of jets or nozzles 1l 11, projecting upwardly through holes 12 12 in the lower wall of the air-conduit and turned over at right angles, so as to direct their orifices inwardly toward the interior of the furnace-inclosure. The air-conduit is provided with a series of outlets 13 13, leadingto the interior of the furnace, and the jets or nozzles 11 are directed into said outlets. The nozzles and air-outlets are located in the bridge-wall and preferably also inthe two side walls of the furnace.

The air-conduit is formed in a course of bricks 14 14, one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 4. Each brick is provided with a through-aperture 15, and the laying of the bricks side by side connects these apertures and forms a continuous conduit. The openings 12 and 13 are formed between adjacent bricks, the brick being molded so that half of each opening is in one brick and the other half in the adjacent brick. Steam or a mixture of steam and oil is supplied to the lower end of the retort 8, and passing through the convolutions thereof it becomes highly heated f-rom the heat of the furnace and decomposes. The resulting combustible gases are projected into the furnace through the nozzles 11,and the streams. from the nozzles in their passage through the outlets 13 from the air-conduit cause a suction or draft of air through said outlets, which air becomes mixed with the gases from the retort and assists in supporting their combustion.

The retort 8 is preferably embedded in and closely surrounded by refractory material, so that the heat of the furnace-walls is readily communicated to it. It will be noted. that the nozzles 11, located within the air-conduit, have a free circulation and passage of .air around them, which air tends to cool said nozzles and prevent their destruction by the intense heat from the furnace. An improved construction is given to the air-outlets 13 by flaring them at both their outer and inner ends, as shown at 16 17, and locating the orifices of the nozzles 11 at the inner ends of said outlets. This peculiar construction of the outlets gives .a greatly-improved draft and insures a maximum air-supply.

Further results of the above-described arrangement of parts are that I am thereby enabled to locate the retort close to the interior of the furnace, so as to obtain the maximum desirable heating effect for the vaporization ofthe oil, while at the same time retaining the proper length for the nozzles to permit them to act in their capacity of ejector-nozzles and to interpose between the retort and the furnace interior a solid wall of refractory material free from heat-retarding pockets or chambers and destructible nozzles.

The lower course of the deliecting-wall 6 is formed by two perforated hollow elongated bricks or tiles 18 18, whose outer ends rest on the side Wall course of bricks 14 and their inner ends on the upper edge of the truncated wall 7, at the outer end of the latter. These tiles inclose an air-conduit 19, which connects with the air-passage 9 in the side walls and is provided with a series of outlets or holes 2O 20 near its lower edge on the rear side of the wall 6. The upper course of the truncated wall 7 is formed by an elongated brick or tile 21 of inverted-U section, having a series of outlets or perforations 22 on both sides. Said tile incloses an air-conduit 23, which connects at its ends with the bridgewall air-conduit 10 and the conduit 19.

In the operation of the furnace the chimney-draft creates an outiiow of air through the perforations 2O 22, which air mixes with the smoke and gases passing up from underneath the deiiecting-wall 6 and supplies the oxygen necessary to their complete combustion. This combustion becomes very intense in view of the fact that said smoke and gases have just had their temperature raised by the incandescent body of fuel on the rear portion of the grate. The jets from the bridge-wall nozzles serve to further raise the temperature of the smoke and gases and also havethe effect of retarding their escape over the bridge-wall and permitting the thorough intermixture of the extraneous air and gas with the said smoke and gases. The division of the rear part of the furnace-space into two compartments by the longitudinal wall 7 and the projection into said space of air-jets from both sides of the upper edge of said wall insure an ample supply of oxygen to the whole of the space above the rear of the grate.

I claimi 1. In a furnace, the combination with the furnace inclosure or chamber having a grate, of a retort embedded in the wall of said chamber above the grate close to the inner side of said wall, an air-conduit located in said wall above the retort and having outlets directed into the furnace-chamber, and a series of discharge jets or nozzles projecting upwardly from said retort into the airconduit and directed into said outlets.

2. In a furnace, the combination of the furn'ace-inclosure having a grate, a bridge-wall,

IIO

and a transverse deflecting-wall spanning the furnace-inclosure above the grate in front of the bridge-wall, and means associated with the bridge-wall to forcibly project forward therefrom into the unconsumed fuelbed gases, a mixture of easily-inflammable gas and air to retard said fuel-bed gases in their escape over the bridge-wall and secure their ignition.

3. In a furnace, the combination of the furnace-inclosure having a grate, a bridge-wall,

and a transverse deiecting-Wall spanning the furnace-inclosure above the grate in front of the bridge-wall, means associated with the deiiecting-wall to supply air to the unconsumed fuel-bed gases downwardly deiiected thereby, and means associated with the bridge-wall to forcibly project forward therefrom into said gases, an easily-inflammable gas to retard their escape over the bridge-wall and secure their ignition;

4. In a furnace, the combination of the furnace-inclosure having a bridge-wall at the back thereof, a grate, a deiiecting-Wall spanning the furnace-inclosure in front of the bridge-wall, above the grate, and adapted to deflect the products of combustion downwardly, a series of dschargeoutlets associated with said deecting-wall and adapted to discharge into the products of combustion deflected thereby, and a series of jets or nozzles associated with vthe bridge wall and directed toward'said deflecting-Wall.

5. In a furnace, the combination of the fur-- nace-inclosure having a bridge -wall at the back thereof, a grate, a deflecting-Wall spanning the furnace-inciosure in front of the bridge-Wall, above the grate, and adapted to deiiect the products of combustion downwardly, a'series of discharge-outlets distributed along the lower edge of the -deiiectingwall and directed toward the bridge-Wall, and a series of discharge-outlets distributed 7. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of' 55 the boiler, the furnace-inclosure having a bridge-wall at the back thereof, a grate, a longitudinal truncated Wall extending upwardly from the grate and forwardly from the bridge wall, a substantially vertical transverse deflecting wall extending downwardly from the boiler and resting on the front end of said longitudinal wall, and a series of outlets directed into the space on either side of said truncated Wall between. the bridge-wall and detlecting-wall and adapted to supply a gaseous or vaporous fluid to assist combustion.

8. In a furnace, the combination with a furnace-inclosure, of a transverse bridge-Wall, a grate, a transverse defiecting-wall spanning the furnace-inclosure above the grate and in front of the bridge-wall, a longitudinal wall extending fromthe bridge-wall to the deiecting-wall above the grate, and connecting airconduits in said bridge, longitudinal, and deecting Walls, each having a series of discharge-outlets directed into the space between said Walls.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR W. PUDDINGTON.

Witnesses:

P. W. PEZZETTI, A. D. HARRISON.

Images