US740764A - Pulverizing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

No. 740,764. PATENTED 001e, 1903.

' w. A. KGNEMAN.

PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY, 30, 1902.

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PATENTED" OUT. 6, 1903.

W. A. KGNEMAN. PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30. 1 902.

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HO MODEL.

TD-LITHD PATBNTED OCT. 6, 1903.

WLA. KUNEMAN. PULVBRIZING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30. 1902.,

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N0 MODEL.

w 1%? a m w w m: ucmus mans PribzuLm-m. wgsnmm'ou n c No. 740364. PATENTED 00w. 6, 1903.

- W. A. KQNBMAN.

PULVERIZIRG APPARATUS. urnmnmn rum) JULY a0. 1902.

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PATBNTED OCT. a, 1903. .W. A. KEiNBMAN. PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 30 1902. H0 MODEL. 8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

No. 740,764. v PATENTED 002R. e, 1903.

W. A. KCENEMAN. PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

7 APPLICATION FILED JULY 30, 1902.

N0 MDDEL. F SHEETS-SHEET 8.

areas an. PHcTc-Ln'HQ. vusn il'o. 740,764. Fatented October 6, 190-1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFicE.

WILLIAM A. KGNEMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNC'R OF ONE-HALF TO AZEL F. HATCH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PIJ LVERIZING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 740,764, dated October 6, 1903. Application filed July 30, 1902- Serial No. 117,648. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: I B is a rotary crushing-bed consisting of a Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. KGNEMAN, hollow box-spider presenting the annular ina citizen of the United States, residing at clined upper plate or, lower plate I), all inter- Chicago, in the county of Cook and State nally braced, and central hubo. The crush 55 of Illinois, have invented a new and useful ing-bed B is upon the upper end portion of Improvement in Pulverizing Apparatus, of and carried by a vertical shaft 0. The boxwhich the following is a specification. spider'rests upon a collar 11 on the said shaft My invention relates to improvements in and is fastened against independent rotation pul'verizing-machines of the class employing by a key (1. The supporting-bearing for the 6o [0 an axially-rotating bed or crushing plate of shaft O is shown in detail in Figs. 6, '7, and 8. frusto-conical form and a series of radially- D is a hollow bed-block or bearing-base predisposed frusto-conical crushing-rollers upon senting a central cylindrical pocket or chamthe bed-plate, the material to be pulverized her 6. Fitting the pocket 6 is an annular being fed upon the center of the rotating bed flanged sleeve-piece or pillow-block D, rest- 65 plate and caused to pass beneath the rollers. ing at its flange on a series of stiff coiled My object is to provide various i mprovesprings D in the pocket 6. The shaft 0 is ments in the construction of pulverizing-maformed along its lower or hearing end portion chines of this class with a view to diminish- Withaseries of bearing-rings d Onthe baseing the number of parts and simplifying the block D andfastened thereto by means of 7o construction, operation, and maintenance bolts fis a ribbed casing E, formed of two thereof and to render the machine more permembers orhalvesfastened together bymeans feet and better adapted for the purpose of of bolts f. The casing E is formed with an rapidly reducing material fed thereto to a annular sleeve portion E',having vertical rede'sired fine state of pulverization. cesses f in opposite sides. 7 5 Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is atop E is a step-box extending through the cyplan view of one half the machine, the other lindrical portion E of the casing. The stephalf (not illustrated) being virtually a duplibox is formed of two or more segmental memcation of the parts shown; Fig. 2, a plan sechere or sections having vertical lianges or tion of one half the machine,taken from the feather members f fitting the recesses f in o angular line 2 in Fig. 12, on a reduced scale; the sleeve E. The lower end of the step-box Fig. 3, a broken plan section taken on line3 is formed with a flange f resting upon the of Fig. 4; Fig. 4:, a central vertical section cushioned pillow-block D. The box E is taken on line 4 in Fig. 1; Fig. 5, ahroken desufficiently loose, in the sleeve E to permit tailed plan View of dischargingconveyor the box to slide vertically. The step-box is 5 mechanism for the pulverized material; Fig. formed with a series of aunularbearing-re- 6, an enlarged brokenvertical section through cesses f registering with the rings 01 on the the bearing mechanism for the rotating crush-1 shaft 0, around which the box fits. The shaft ing-bed, the section being taken on line 6 in O, carrying the rotating crushing-bedB, rests Fig. 7; Figs. 7 and 8, sections on lines 7 and" at its bearing rings or flanges d in the bear- 0 o 8 of Fig. 6; Fig. 9, a perspective view of a ing-recesses f of the step-box E which in cushioned pillow or bearing-seat shown in turn rests upon the pillow-block D,- which is Fig. 6; Fig. '10, an enlarged broken section cushioned by the springs D The rings 61 on line 10 in Fig. 1 through one of the frustopresent a combined bearing area for the shaft conical crushing-rollers and its bearing and in the bushing, which is comparatively large, 5 adjusting mechanism; Fig. 1l,asection taken and therefore effective in reducing wear in on line 11 in Fig. 10; Fig. 12, a broken and enthe rotation of the shaft in the step-box. In larged section on line 12 in Fig. 1, and Fig. the space bounded by the pillow-block D are 13 a broken section taken on line 13 in Fig. 12. a series of superimposed case-hardened step- A is an octagon foundation of stone, conbuttons D arranged in a common manner, 5o crete, or other material forming a central which limit the downward movement of the pit A. shaft 0.

It has been the practice hitherto to cause the crusher-bed-supporting shaft to rest altogether upon the step-buttons. tionable, because the ingress of dirt or great pressure and insufficient oiling causes friction, which in certain instances has heated the parts to a degree sufficient to weld the buttons, thus necessitating stoppage and expensive repairs. In the present construction nearly all the weight of the crusher-bed and shaft is carried by the bearing-ringsj rotating in the cushioned step-box, which relieves the pressure on the step-buttons and overcomes the objections to the old constructions referred to.

' On the under side of the rotary crushingbed B is an annular rack B, having an inclined face.

F F are independent drive-shafts extending horizontally through openings in the base A. The shafts are jonrnaled at their inner ends in hearings or plumber-blocks F, mounted in the pit A or otherwise, and they are journaled toward their outer ends in suitable bearings F beyond which they carry drivepulleys F On the shafts F adjacent to the bearings F are bevel-gears F engaging the rack B. The upper face of the top plate a of the rotating box-spider presents an inclined annular receiving-face a and around the same a recessed face portion a Fitting the recessed portion 0. is an annular crushing wearing-plate B securely fastened in place by bolts (L The wearing-plate B forms the crushing-surface portion of the crushing-bed and presents an inner annular face portion g, forming a continuation of the surface Lt in the same plane thereof, and an outer annular surface g, pitching downward at a slight angle to the surfaces at g.

In the present machine I show and prefer to employ eight crushing-rollers G equidistaut apart. Each roller G has a head G of frusto-conical shape, from the larger end of which extends a shank or shaft portion G provided with a series of integral bearing flanges or rings G Surrounding the head G is an annular frusto-conical wearing-jacket G, which fits closely upon the head and is held in place by a disk h, fastened against the end of the head by bolts h, passing entirely through the head, as shown most plainly in Fig. 10. A description of one roller and attendant parts describes them all.

Anchored upon the base A by means of bolts or otherwise are eight radially-disposed standards or external bearing-casings H, presenting vertical side guide-walls t', provided at their upper ends with radially-inward-extending channel bars or armst", fitting against and bolted to the arms t" of the next adjacent standards or casings to form practically a continuous frame or structure. Extending between the arms 2" of each standard are outer and inner horizontal brace-bars 2' i The inner ends of the arms 2" carry and are This is objecbraced by a vertical octagonal thimble or mouthpiece I, having radial lugs I, Fig. 12, which fit into the pockets formed by the channel-bars and are held in place by the bolts 4%, which hold the channel-bars together, as described. Anchored in the base A at the centers of the standards H are nuts 7c, in which are vertical jack-screws K, with handwheels K fixed thereon. In each casing H is a vertically-adjustable support H, having a base-plate K provided in the center of its under side with a socket is, receiving'the upper end of the screw K and resting upon the hub of the hand-wheel K. The screw K is provided in its upper end in the socket It with an annular recess k to receive a cotter pin or key 10 driven through an opening in the socket portion is, which key fastens the screw K and vertically-adjustable support H together without interfering with the turning of the screw. Resting in recesses 10 in opposite sides of the follower-plate K are vertical bearing-plates K forming the sides of' the support H and extending parallel with and adjacent to the casing sides 7).

K is a journal-box provided midway between its ends on opposite sides with trunnions journaled in circular bearing-recesses 70 in the vertical plates K .Fitting upon the journal-box and removably fastened thereto by means of bolts is a journal-box cover 70 The box and cover together present a longittidinally-cylindrical opening which is fitted with a liner or bushing 70 The bushing is formed of segmental members, so that the upper part may be removed in the removal of the cap it. The bushing presents a series of thrust-bearing recesses to receive the bearing-rings G of the roller-shaft G Each roller G is in more or less close relation'to the surface g of the crushing-bed, the angle of taper of the surface of the wearing-cone G being the same as that of the surface g when the shaft G extends in the horizontal plane. Each casing H has an inner removable plate t' fastened in place by means of bolts and having an opening for the shaft G and an outer plate 2'. On the plate 2' is a bracket 1?, recessed on its upper side to form a seat for a helical spring Z. In the under side of each journal-box K is a dovetailed recess Z to receive a dovetailed plate or arm Z which passes through an opening in the outer plate 2' and carries at its outer end an inverted cup Z Passing downward through the cup Z is an adjusting-screw Z provided at its lower end with a follower Z forming a bearing for the upper end of the spring l.

As before stated, each roller G extends at its surface G along the larger end portion of the roller close to the surface g, with which it conforms; but the rollers are externally supported in the sense that their supporting journal-bearings are outside the circumference of the crushing-bed.

A bar K fastened at opposite ends to the plane.

K is inseparably fastened to the screw K by the cotter-pin 7: and this with the trunnion bearing-plates K and stop-bar K thereon insure the position of the roller in the horizontal plane at all times in the raising and lowering of the journal efiected by the jack-screw. Thus the proper angle betweenthe surfaces of the crushing-rollers and crushing-.bed is always maintained. The pressure exertedby the roller upon the surface g may be that of the-weight of the roller supplemented by the pressure of the spring Z, and the tension of the spring may be increased or diminished by means of the screw Z An adjustment to increase or diminish the pressure of the roller or to take up wear between the surfaces G g may be efiected by turning the jack-screw K to raise the entire support H. Should a wearing-cone G become worn sufticiently to render its replacement necessary, the screw Z may be loosened to raise the follower 1 andpermit removal of the spring Z, the plate may be removed, and the plate'Z and attendant parts may be withdrawn, after which the roller and its journal-box may be swung in the support H on the trunnions k to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 10, giving ready access to theparts. Should it become necessary to remove the wearing plate B all the rollers may be loosened, as described, and raised on their trunnions to give free access to said plate. As before stated, the plate B is fastened in position by means of bolts of, which carry nuts on the underside of the top plate a. Access to these nuts may be had through hand-holes b in the plate portion 1).

The thimble I of the frame described presents an octagonal opening in, closed by. a cap L with an opening in its center to receive a vertical feed-pipe L, surmounted by a hopper L Fastened uponthe hub portion of the retary crushing-bed over the-end of the shaft 0 is a conical deflector M, the pointed upper end of which is at the center ofthe pipe L. Slidinglymountedintheguideformed bytheopening 'm is an octagonal hopper-shaft support N, provided at its upper end with inward-projecting earsn, presenting vertical threaded openings to receive bolts 71/, passing downward through the cover L. The bolts is thus sustain the supporting-piece N, which may be raised or lowered in the guide m by turning the said bolts. Above each roller G, extending in the direction longitudinally with and parallel to the surface of the wearing-cone G is a housing P, provided on its upper side beneath the braces 1? i with socket-s19, receiving the lower ends of vertical rods P, threaded along their upper end portions. The rods are pivotally secured at their lower ends in the sockets 19, having circumferential recesses 19' therein engaged by cotters p extending through the socket pieces, as shown in Fig. 13. .The threaded portions p of the rods pass through threaded sleeves or nuts 19 on the braces 71 the rods being provided at their upper ends I with hand-wheels P The housing P is of segmental shape in cross-section, having a series of parallel ribs P on its under side conforming to the adjacent roller-surface and extending over and down opposite sides thereof a distance approximating or slightly exceeding one-half the diameter of the roller, all as shown in Fig. 13. The ribs of the housing are closeto but out of contact with the surface of the wearing-cone G On the base A between the casings or standards H are radially-disposed bearing-blocks Q, having flanged bases q with elongated openings q therein to receive anchoring-bolts q jfastened in the base A. Extending through each bearing-block Q is an opening g preferably triangular in cross-section, to receive a bar Q, also triangular in cross-section. At its opposite or inner end each bar-Q passes through a triangular opening 11 in the support N, in which it may be fastened by a pin 92 as indicated in Fig. 12. On each bar Q is a rigid collar or shape-block g retarding guard-blades Q separated by spacing-wash ers g and a sliding collar or shape-block g the parts being held in rigid relation by bolts (1 passing through the shape-block g blades Q spacing-washers g and collar q, as shown in Figs-12 and 13. The blades Q are shaped with straight upper and lower edges and cir- The upper edges of the cular end edges g blades Q are close to the lower edges of the housings P and their lower edges are in a plane parallel with the lower lines of the wearing-cones Gr close to the bed along the surface g. The ends g of the blades conform with and are close to the surfaces of the adjacent rollers. The shape blocks q q present spirally-extending surfaces, and the blades Q and spacingwashers are tightly clamped by the bolts 11 in such a Way that the blades extend in a spiral direction, asindicated in Fig. 2. The bars Q are adjustablyifasteued in the blocks Q by means of set-screws q", and the blades may be adjusted with relation to the surfaces of the crusherbed and crusher-rollers by shifting the block Q upon the bolts g and by raising or lowering the support N by means of the bolts n.

- At theouter circumference of the top plate at of the crushing-bed is an overhanging lip a R is a U-shaped trough extending en tirely around the rotating crusher-bed B and having a low side, which extends underneath the annular lip a and a high outer side, as shown.

Q, having downward-projecting spouts-R Beneathtwo of the spouts R is a conveyertrough S, terminating at its end and emptyinginto a conveyor-trough S at right angles The trough forms a series of hop pers- R', between the rollers beneath the bars thereto and beneath the next two spouts R The trough S at its opposite end terminates over and discharges into a long trough S which also extends beneath two spouts R and a conveyor-trough S extends beneath the remaining two spouts R and at its end terminates over and discharges into the trough S In the trough S is a shaft S carrying a spiral conveyer-blade S In the trough S is a shaft S carrying a spiral conveyer-blade S In the trough S is a shaft S carrying a conveyer-blade S and in the trough S is a shaft 8, carrying a conveyer-blade 8. On the shaft S is a drive-pulley S the shafts S S being geared together by a drive-chain S On the shaft S is a drive-pulley S and the shafts S S are geared together by a drive-chain S. The conveyer-trough S has a discharge-outlet S The crusher-bed B is necessarily very large and heavy, and being supported entirely from the central vertical shaft 0 it is a matter of greatimportance that the bearings for the shaft should be so constructed that there will be a minimum degree of wear thereon in operation. recesses f of the step-box E present a relatively large bearing area and hold the shaft with great steadiness, so that such wear as occurs is distributed equally upon the bearing-surfaces. As shown and described, two drive-shafts F are employed, with beveled drive-gears thereon which engage the rack B at opposite sides of the bed. This construction tends to distribute the driving pressure to opposite sides of the crusher-bed and balance it in a manner to prevent uneven wear of the shaft 0 in the step-bearing. The crushing-rollers G and crusher-bed surface 9 present gradually-diminishing openings or admission-spaces to receive the material to be pulverized, and the material fed to the machine through thehopperL should be through preliminary crushing or otherwise no larger than will freely enter the said spaces.

In operation the bed B is rotated from the shafts F at a desired speed, and by frictional contact between the annular surface g and rollers G the latter are rotated on their axes. The material to be pulverized fed into the hopper L is distributed with more or less uniformity around the surface a by the conical deflector M. As the material rolls or slides down the surface a it is prevented from passing along opposite sides of the roll ers by the first spirally-disposed guard-blades Q These blades in the rotation of the crusher-bed guide the material to be pulverized initially into the open spaces presented at the small ends of the rollers, as described,

where the coarser material is initially acted upon,while thatportion which is smalleris fed along. While the material is being crushed, it tends, owing to the centrifugal force and the slant of the crusher-bed, to work its way toward the circumference of the bed. The

The shaft-rings d rotating in the I guard-blades cause the material in its movement to pursue a spiral course, so that it passes from one roller to the next, first in the grad uall y-reducin g spaces at the smaller ends of the rollers over the part g of the bed and then between the rollers and part g of the bed, which are so close together as to effect the final desired fineness of pulverization. The housings P stop any pulverized material thrown up by the rollers, and the ribs P prevent the rollers from throwing material longitudinally of the rollers. A stream of material to be crushed of the capacity of the inlet-spout-L will result in a continuous discharge of the material finely pulverized around the entire area of the crusher-bed into the annular trough or series of hoppers R B. As the material falls through the spouts R it enters the conveyor-troughs S S S S and is moved quickly to the outlet S whence itis discharged. The crushing pressure exerted upon the material to pulverize it is the weight of the rollers G supplemented by the pressure of the springs Z. Thus the pulverization is effected between a rotary substantially unyielding but cushioned bed and yielding rollers, which will give way slightly when the resistance of the material to pulverization increases to prevent clogging of the machine or undue strain upon its parts. Should a comparatively large piece of metal or other tough material be inadvertently fed into the machine, the yielding rollers will permit it to pass through without working injury.

It is a matter of great importance that the retarding guard-blades described should be properly adjusted with reference to the crusher bed and rollers and be held rigidly in adjusted position. The triangular bars Q and collars and washers thereon operate to hold the blades Q firmly against the pressure of the material passing through the machine to guide the same, as described, and the said blades may be adjusted with reference to the crusher bed and rollers. The adjustment may be elfected by raising or lowering the support N by means of the screws 71, as described, and by shifting the supports Q at their elongated openings g on the anchoringbolts f. To permit the sliding of a support Q to raise the bar Q at that end, the setscrews g may be loosened.

The housings P may be adjusted with reference to the rollers G by turning the handwheels P to raise or lower the supports P on the brace-bars 11 t To change the adjustment of the rollers G with reference to the crushing-bed, the handwheels K may be operated to raise the boxes K and all parts carried thereby. Thus the degree of fineness to which the material is to be pulverized may be regulated by raising or lowering the crushing-rollers in the manner described.

The machine constructed as described is very strong, steady, and durable and has great capacity. H The material fed thereto may be pulverized to any desired degree of fineness, and as all the material must pass a number of times between the rollers and crushing-bed the pulverization will be practically uniform. V

The machine may be employed to simultaneously pulverize and mix different solid materials fed thereto in a dry or wet state, and the solid constituent product may have any degree of fineness desired. Any percentage of liquid may be fed with the solid material into the machine, whereby the product may be delivered in a plastic or more or less fluent state, as desired.

' While I prefer to construct my improvements throughout as shown and described, they may be variously modified in the matter of details of construction without departing from the spirit of my invention as defined by the claims.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the stationary base and rotary crushing-bed, of a series of radially-disposed stationary standards on the base about said crushing-bed, said standards being secured together to form a rigid frame on the base, roller-supports in the said radially-disposed standards, raising and lowering means for the said supports in said standards, a series of horizontally disposed crushing rollers above the crushing-bed having outward-projecting shafts, and journal-boxes for said shafts pivotally mounted in said supports to swing in the vertical plane in the standards.

2. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the stationary base and rotary crushing-bed, ofa stationary standard on the base at one side of said crushing-bed, a rollersupport in said standard having a base-plate and side plates formed with trunnion-beau ings, a nut fixed in the base of the standard, a vertical jack-screw working in said nut and pivotally secured atits upper end to said baseplate, a crushing-roller above the crushingbed having an outward-projecting shaft, a journal-box for said shaft pivotally mounted at opposite sides in said trunnion-bearings, and a stop on the support limiting the downward movement of the roller on said trunnions.

3. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with a stationary base and rotary crushing-bed, of a stationary standard on the base atone side of said crushing-bed, a rollersupport in said standard having a base-plate, and side plates formed with trunnion-bearings, a nut fixedin the base of the standard, a vertical jack-screw working in said nut and pivotally secured at its upper end to said base-plate, acrushing'roller above the crushing-bed having an outward-projecting shaft, a journal-box for said shaft pivotally mounted at opposite sides in said trunnion-bearings, a stop on the support limiting the downward movement of the roller on said trunn'ions, and a spring on the support bearing against the under side of said journal-box beyond the trunnions, whereby in the adjustment of the support the roller-shaft is maintained in a horizontal position, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pulveriziug-machine, the combination with a stationary base, rotary crushingbed and crushing-roller above the crushingbed having an outward-extending shaft, of a journal-box in which said shaft is mounted to rotate, provided on opposite sides with trunnions, a journal-box support having bearings for said trunnions, a jack-screw on which said support is mounted working through a nut on the said base, a spring bearing on the support, a removable and replaceable spring bearing on the under side of the journal-box projecting beyond the outer end thereof, a springconfined between said spring-bearings, and a stop on the support beneath the inner end of said journal-box, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the supporting-hase,rotary crush ingbed, and horizontally and radially disposed crushing-rollers above the bed, of radially-disposed standards on said base joined together to form a frame, a central and ver: tically adjustable support on said frame above the crushing-bed, radially-adjustable supports mounted on the base between said standards, supporting-bars mounted at their inner ends in said central support and at their outer ends in said radially-adjustable.supports, and aseries of spirally-disposed retarding guard-blades on each of said bars extending close to the crushing-bed between the said crushing-rollers, substantially as described.

6. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the supporting-base, frame upon the base, rotary crushing-bed bounded by the said frame, and series of horizontally and radially disposed crushing-rollers journaled in the said frame, of housings mounted in the frame above the said rollers and extending over and down opposite sides of said rollers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the supporting-base, frame upon the base, rotary crushing-bed bounded by the said frame, and series of horizontally and radially disposed crushing-rollers journaled in the said frame, of housings mounted in the frame above the said rollers and extending over and down opposite sides of said rollers, said housings being formed with series of parallel ribs on their underfaces, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

' 8. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the supporting-base, frame upon ICO IIO

the base, rotary crushing-bed bounded by the housings being provided on their under faces said frame, and series of horizontally and rav with series of parallel ribs, substantially as dially disposed crushing-rollers journaled in and for the purpose set forth.

the said frame, of vertically-adjustable hous- WILLIAM A. KONEMAN. 5 ings mounted in the frame above the said In presence of'- rollers and extending from said supports over L. HEISLAR,

and down opposite sides of said rollers, said 1 M; S. MACKENZIE.

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