US740084A - Melting-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 903. M. J. BURNS & J. J. AULL. l

MELTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented September 29, 1903.

PATENT -OFFICE.

MARTIN J. BURNS AND JEROME J. AULL, OF'CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE LUNKENHEIMER COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORA- TION OF OHIO.

I MELTlNG-F URNACE...

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 740,084, dated September 29, 1903.

Application filed May 25,1903- Serial No. 158.756. (No model-l Z0 wZZ whom it Wtay concern:

Be it known that we, MARTIN J. BURNS and JEROME J. AULL, citizens of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Melting-Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

Our invention relates to that class of melting-furnaces which are used in place of ordinary crucibles for melting metals or alloyssuch as brass, tin, copper, and the likewhich have a comparatively low melting point, the furnace being so constructed that the metals can be melted in much less time than in the usual crucibles and wherein the charging and discharging of the metal can be effected with much greater facility than by the crucible method and also wherein the melting is accomplished by the application of a blast of hydrocarbon or oxyhydrocarbon flame directed directly upon the metal within the refractory tilting reservoir; and it has for its object the improved and simplified construction of such furnaces whereby the melting can be accomplished very quickly and whereby the life of the furnace is doubled or at least greatly prolonged.

The novelty of our invention will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specifically pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure -1, Sheet 1, is a central sectional side elevation of a melting-furnace embodying our invention. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a sectional end elevation on the dotted line a; 00 of Fig. 1 looking to the right. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is an enlarged sectional plan view of the head or blast end of the furnace 0n the dotted line y y of Fig; 1. Fig. 4, Sheet 1, is a detail bottom plan view of the securing and clamping plates for the filled opening.

The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts in all the figures.

Our improved furnace is a hollow horizontal cylindrical vessel lined upon its interior with fire-brick,'fire-clay, 'or other suitable refractory material, and it is constructed as follows: At each end of the cylinder there is a flanged metal head, the head A being provided with a trunnion or spindle a, resting in a pillow-block b at the upper end of a standard or support B, resting or secured upon the floor, and having fast upon its end a turning ;hand-wheel C, while the opposite head 1) has an outwardly-projecting neck 0, in which is a circumferential groove d, partially embraced by the curved upper end of a second foot-piece E, secured or resting upon the floor. These two heads A and D are circular and are connected bya metaljacket F, bolted or otherwise suitably secured to their peripheries, and this jacket has through it two diametrically-located openings,the outlines of one of which is represented by the dotted line 2 in Fig. 4 and the edges of which appear at e in Fig. 1. Fitted within these openings are two neckpieces GB, of fire-brick or other refractory material, the neck-piece G in Fig. 1 being open and the neck-piece H being closed by a plug I, of fire-brick or other refractory material. The interior of the jacket F, as well as'the inner sides of the heads A D, are likewise lined with fire-brick or other refractory material J K L, as seen in Fig. 1, and their inner sides, together with the neckpieces and plug I, form a'smooth cylindrical surface. Surrounding the metal jacket J on each side of the neck-pieces are two metal bands M, Figs. 1, 2, and 4, said bands preferably being of two pieces with flanged ends united by clamping-bolts f, Fig. 2. The neck.- piecesG H, as seen in Fig. 2, are tapering on theirouter sides, and the lower one, H, together with its plug 1, is entirely covered by a curved metal plate N, Figs; 2 and 4, and said plate is firmlyheld in place by crossbars 0 near-its ends, which are secured by bolts 9 to the bands M. The bands M likewise carry similar bolts 71, Fig. 2, which unite the ends of the cross-bars P,extending across the neckpieco G, which is open and which serves both for the introduction of the metal to be melted and when the furnace is tilted by its hand-wheel O for'the pouring out of the melted metal. 4

There is a perforation Q through the head D at its middle, having an enlarged outer bore with a tubular projection 72., Fig. 3, to receive the inwardly-proj ecting end of a blastpipe R, secured by a stufling-box i, and carrying upon its inner end anipplej, opening with a flaring end into the aperture Q, and having clamped between it and the end of the pipe Ra second nipple 7c,interiorly threaded at its contracted end and into which a twyer-pipe S is screwed, said pipe extending "into the flaring opening of the nipplej at its innerend. The aperture Q beyond the twyer and Where it passes through the refractory lining L is lined with a metal pipe T, screwed into the head-piece D, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3.

Entering the elbow of the pipe R through a removable plug Z is a liquid hydrocarbonpipe U, which terminates within the twyerpipe S about midway of its length and has a flaring opening flattened and formed into fingers m,alternately bent in opposite directions to form a spraying-burner, and at this point the ignition of the sprayed oil, with the blast of air from the pipe R, takes place, and the resultant intense flame is directed into the interior of the furnace upon the metal to be melted. During the melting of the metal the furnace may be occasionally rocked, if desired, by means of the hand-wheel C, and when the metal is entirely melted the fur nace is turned on its axis to bring the opening in the neck-piece G down, and the melted metal is discharged into the carrying ladles or vessels in the usual manner.

One of the objectionable features in melting-furnaces of this character where an intense hot blast is used which passes over and through or partly through the metal is that in its passage there will he usually two points in the refractory lining which will break down under the intense heat, and these points are usually at the upper side of the furnace and at the discharging-opening which permits the products of combustion to pass out and through which the molten metal is poured, and when a furnace has become thus worn it is only necessary under our construction to give it a half-turn around to take off the plate N and remove the plug 1, thus making the neck-piece H the filling and discharging opening in place of the neck-piece G and inserting into the neck-.piece G, which is now brought to the bottom, the plug I and covering the same with the clamping-plate N, and inthis simple manner the furnace is entirely renewed and given a double duration of life without the necessity of replacing all of its refractory linings.

In melting-furnaces of this character it is sometimes found that all of the liquid hydrocarbon is not taken up and carried into the melting-chamber by the blast, and it accumulates at the opening and runs out. By the provision of our stufling-box i this is entirely prevented, and even should there be an excess of the liquid hydrocarbon it cannot escape, but is eventually carried into the melting-chamber and is consumed.

Having thus fully described our invention, we claim 1. A melting-furnace consisting of a cylindrical chamber set horizontally and arranged to turn on its longitudinal axis, said chamber being provided with an interior refractory lining, and having a blast-aperture at one end for the introduction of the hydrocarbon or other melting-flame, and also provided on opposite sides adjacent to the flame-entering end with filling and discharge openings, one of which openings is kept closed while the other is used, substantially as described.

2. A melting-furnace consisting of a cylindrical chamber set horizontally and arranged to turn on its longitudinal axis, said chamber being provided with an interior refractory lining and having a blast-aperture at one end for the introduction of the hydrocarbon or other melting-flame, and also provided on opposite sides adjacent to the flame-entering end with filling and discharge openings, one of said openings being closed by a refractory plug held in place by suitable fastenings and adapted to be inserted in the opposite opening and there held in place by the same fastenings when the furnace is inverted, substantially as described.

3. In a melting-furnace, the combination of the heads A D mounted on journal-bearings, the metal jacket F uniting said heads, a re fractory lining Within the chamber formed by the heads and jacket, a blast-aperture through the head D, refractory neck-pieces G H on opposite sides of the chamber adjacent to the blast-opening, a refractory plug I for the lower one of said openings, bands M surrounding said jacket adjacent to the neckpieces, a plate N covering the plug I and its neck-pieces, and bars 0 bolted to the bands M for holdingsaid plate, neck-pieces and plug in place, substantially as described.

MARTIN J. BURNS.

, JEROME J. AULL.

Witnesses:

OWEN N. KINNEY, EDWARD PECK.

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