US732269A - Metallurgical furnace. - Google Patents

Description

No. 732,269. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903. M. P. BOSS.

METALLURGIGAL FURNACE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 11, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

( N 4 R b I F mm,

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Y WITNESSES:

No. 732,269. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

M. P. BOSS. I

METALLURGICAL FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED mm; 11 1902 N0 MODEL 2 snnn'rs-snnzz'r 2.

WITNESSES UNITED STATES liatented June 30, 1902;. PATENT OFFICE.

MARTlN PRIOR BOSS, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE HYDRO-CARBON SMELTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIR- GINIA.

METALLu RGIICOAL FU RNAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,269, dated J1me 30, 1903. Application filed June 11, 1902. Serial No. 111,170. (No model.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTIN PRIOR Boss, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, county of San Francisco, State of 5 California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallurgical Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and [O useful improvements in metallurgical furnaces; and it consists, first, in the general construction of a furnace adapted to convert an.

orc into pig metal within a single'structure,

and, second, in the construction and employment of a removable bessemerizing-hearth,'

and to the means employed for giving-to said hearth when in position within the furnace structure certain defined movements.

The objects of myinvention are to decrease the cost of labor and-fuel in converting an ore into pig metal, to bessemerize the ore within the furnace structure, to utilize the heat involved in a bessemerizing process in the reduction of the metal, to agitate or move the 2 5 metal while undergoing the bessemerizing operation, and to provide means for readily relining the bessemer'izing-hearth at low cost,

and also to quickly substitute a perfect hearth for an injured hearth and hearths having beds of different chemical characteristics for.

each other. 1

The accompanying drawings will serve toillustrate my invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 2 of Fig. '1. Fig. 3 is 'a transverse section through thefiirnace-chamber on the line3 3 of Fig. 1, with a front view of the removable hearth, its supporting mech- 0 anism for moving the hearth,-&c. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section through the calcining-chamber and a portion of the reducing-chamber, showing the rake device in its retracted position. Fig. 5 is a transverse 1011- gitudinal section through the furnace-chamber, also showing atop View of the burners and the rake. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1 with a plan view of the movable hearth. Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 1, also showing the mechanism for moving the hearth in plan. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1, also showing the mechanism for feeding air to the removable hearth in plan.

Similar letters and numerals indicate like parts. V

In the drawings, A indicates the calciningchambe'r, which is shown as located in the highest horizontal plane. This chamber is provided with an inclined hearth B, over which is arranged a rake C, adapted to be reciprocated by any suitable mechanism.

D indicates a hopper through which ore is fed into the calcining-chamber; E, chimneyflue provided with theusual damper F. Situated below the calcining-chamber is the reducing-chamber G. The chambers A and G communicate through the passage H. The chamber G, I prefer to give considerable vertical height'in order to permit free development of flame within the chamber. This chamber is provided with an inclined bottom I, which communicates at its lower end with a settling chamber or basin J. This chamber or basin J, I prefer to give a horizontal bottom K and to locate over this bottom a bed of any suitable material L. Preferably this bcd is formed of pieces of copper matte of about two inches in diameter. The bed, however, may be formed of sand or sand mixed with anymaterialsuch as lime or ironwhich will combine with the slags due to the decomposition of the ore within the reducing-chamber G. Arranged transversely of the chamber or basin J is a slagdam M. This dam may be of any suitable construction, preferably a pipe N, through which water or any other material may be passed, and a refractory covering 0. Situated in the side of the chamber or basin J is'adoor P, through which the slag may be drawn from the basin .1. Located above the chamber or basin is a door Q, through which access may be obtained to the surface of the metal in the basin for poling or otherwise.

Situated below the reducing-chamber G is the oxidizing-chamber R. This chamber is connected to the basin J through the narrow trough-like passage S. (Best shown in Figs. 2

and 6.) It will be observed from Fig. 6 thatthe opposing portions or ends of the chamber ICO ' refractory clay.

R and basin J are separated at adistance from each other and are convex, the object of which arrangement is to leave a space between the chamber R and basin J by which access may be obtained through openings normally closed by the removable doors T from the outside of the furnace to the passage S when required as, for instance, when the passage S has become clogged from an accumulation of material, such as metal or slag-or to plug the opening U in the forward end of the basin J and at the forward end of the passage 8, if desired, which may be accomplished by the use of ordinary clay plugs or slabs, as shown at T, Fig. 1, for the purpose of stopping the flow of metal from the basin J into the oxidizingchamber R. The doors T, as indicated, are removable. They may have any suitable construction and when in place serve to close the passage or space between the chamber R and basin J. If required by the pressure of the metal in the basin J, the plug T in the opening U may be supported by introducing behind it, throughthe doors T, brick, sand, or other supporting-body. The forward end of the passage S is provided with a spout V, which is adapted to discharge into the cavity of the removable hearth IV under it.

Located under the respective chambers J G A are the caves X Y Z. Means 10 11, consisting of gas and air burners, are provided for heating the chambers G and R. Those in the chamber G are located in the top of the chamber and direct their flames downward; those in the chamber R are in the top of the chamber and direct their 'flames downward and inwardly over the hearth. I do not limit myself in any wise to the particular position or arrangement of the gas and air burners, as many changes may be made therein without altering the intent of my invention. 7

So far as relates to the chamber G, I only intend to use such an amount of artificial fuel as may be necessary to supplement the heat due to the decomposition of the burning sulfurets within the chamber.

The removable hearth IV consists of a semispherical vessel having an exterior lining of metal 12 and an interior lining of brick, sand, or other suitable material 13. The vessel 12, however, may be formed entirely of The bed 13 I prefer shall be formed of the materials commonly employed for lining a Bessemer converter where such converter is used for the reduction of copper ores. The bed, however, may be formed of the materials commonly employed in lining the bed of a reverberatory furnace, or I may use a bed formed in part of a refractory material, such as sand, and incorporate with it lime, iron, or other material which will combine with the slags usually present with reduced copper. I do not limit myself in any wise to the character of the bed.

which is located upon a trackway 15. The trackwayis shown as arranged longitudinally of the furnace, the front of which is closed by a suitable door 16. The trackway may be arranged transversely of the furnace, in which case the front of the furnace would be closed and the opposite sides provided with doors.

Situated upon the carriage 11 is a large pipe 17, to which is connected at one end, through a 'ball-andsocket joint, a trans verse pipe 18, which pipe, through its lateral branches 19, is separably connected with the air-twyers 20, Fig. 6, in the bed of the hearth \V. These air-twyers are shown as arranged on opposite sides of the hearth IV. I do not limit myself to this arrangement. Any arrangement of air-twyers may be employed, in which case the construction of the pipes 18 and 19 will be Varied from that shown.

Connected to the opposite end of the pipe 17, through a balland-socket joint, is a socketpipe 21, secured to carriage 11L. This pipe is adapted to coact with the fixed pipe 22, projecting through the rear wall of the chamber R and connected to any suitable source of air-supply.

The connections as above described, consisting of the pipes 17 18 19 2O 21 22, form a means for feeding air to the bottom of the hearth \V, and which will permit the carriage 14 to be introduced and withdrawn from the furnace-chamber and allow a certain flexibility of movement of the hearth. This flexibility of movement of the hearth as a whole is effected by the means which I will now describe.

In the bottom of the chamber R are situated the two disks 23 2 1. The disk 23 has a horizontal upper surface and an inclined lower surface, and the disk 24 has an inclined upper surface and a horizontal lower surface. The disks 23 24 are made ring-shaped and surround a cylindrical block 25, having a horizontal top on which is the trackway 15.

The lower edge of the ring disk 24 rests upon rollers 26, the upper edge having rollers 2'7, on which the lower edge of ring disk 23 rests. It will be understood that if one of these ring disks is revolved relative to the other or both of the disks relative to each other around a common axis the plane occupied by the upper surface of ring disk 23 will be changed from a horizontal to an angular plane in some direction, and consequently anything resting upon the ring disk 23 may be tilted as desired around a common center.

Mounted in bearings forming a part of the bottom of the hearth \V are rollers 28, which stand in range with ring disk 23, so that when disk 23 is tilted it takes against rollers 28 and tilts the hearth \V. The hearth is held from turning by projections 29, which move up and down in guides 30, formed on track 14.

In order to accomplish the relative move- The bed IV is mounted upon acarriage 14:,

ments of the disks 23 and 24 I rovide each other, or give it a circumferential tilting mo tion, or a tilting movement circumferentially for a certain time and a reverse circumferential movement for a corresponding period of time. The object of tilting the hearth IV is to alter the position of the twyer-openings of the bed WV relative to the body of metal on the bed. The inertia of the metal will keepit from moving while the hearth is revolving or moving under it. In practice it is found that by producing such movement of the hearth a more thorough bessemerizing of the ore is accomplished than where the hearth is maintained stationary.

The means described for tilting and moving the hearth is one which may be conveniently used in practice. I, however, do not in any wise limit myself to the means shown for tilting or moving the hearth. Any means may be used whichwill accomplish such result and be within the intent of my invention, as I consider myself to be the first to describe the employment of a removable tilting hearth for metallurgical furnaces.

In this specification I have used the terms calcining-chamber, reducing-chamber, oxidizing-chamber, chamber or basin. These terms are used simply for the purpose of naming or designating the parts. I11 the present case these chambers when used in connection with the heating or oxidizing appliances described, 850., are adapted to perform the functions indicated by the means given to them. They may, however, perform other functionsas, for instance, the reducing-chamber may be used as an oxidizingchamber and the oxidizing-chamber as a reducing-chamber.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 7 1. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a removable hearth provided with means for tilting the hearth within the furnace.

2. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a removable hearth provided with means for producing a continuous tilting movement of the hearth within the furnace. 3. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a hearth, means for feeding air to the bottom of said hearth, and means for producing a tilting movement of said hearth. 4. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a removable hearth, means for feeding air to the bottom of said hearth, and means for tilting said hearth. v

5. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a traokway, aremovable hearth mounted on the trackway, and means for tilting the trackway and hearth.

6. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a pair of disks located in the bottom of said furnace, said disks having opposing surfaces arranged at an angle to the plane of the horizon, means for rotating said disks relative to one another, and ahearth mounted upon said disks.

7. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a pair of disks located in the bottom of said furnace, said disks having opposing surfaces arranged at an angle to the plane of the horizon, means for rotating said disks relative to one another, and a removable hearth mounted upon said disks.

8. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a pair of disks located in the bottom of said furnace, said disks having opposing surfaces arranged at an angle to the plane of the horizon, means for rotating said disks relative to one another, a removable hearth mounted upon said disks, and means for feeding air to the bottom of said hearth.

9. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a removable hearth comprising a wheel-support, a removable casing and bed, and means for feeding air to said bed carried on the wheel-support.

10. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a calcining, reducing and oxidizing chamber, arranged in descending horizon tal planes, and a removable tilting hearth for the oxidizing-chamber.

11. The combination with a metallurgical furnace, of a removable hearth, comprising a wheel-support, a casing and bed, means for supplying air to the bed carried on the wheelsupport, and a source of air-supply permanently fixed in the walls of said furnace.

12. The combination in a metallurgical furnace, of a reducingchamber, a chamber or basin at the bottom of the reducing-chamber,

an oxidizing-chamber, a removable hearth, and a passage connected with said chamber or basin and adapted to discharge into the removable hearth.

13. The combination in a metallurgical fur nace, of a reducing-chamber, a chamber or basin located under the reducing-chamber, an oxidizingchamber occupying the lower plane, a passage introduced between the said chamber or basin and the oxidizing-chamber, and said passage accessible from both sides of the exterior of the furnace.

14. The combination in a metallurgical furnace, of a reducing-chamber, a chamber or basin located under the forward end of the reducing-chamber, an oxidizing-chamber, and a removable tilting hearth for the oxidizingchamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MARTIN PRIOR BOSS.-

Witnesses:

J. E. PEARSON, FRANK OCoNNoR.

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