US730102A - Pressure-plate for polishing and surfacing plastic material. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED JUNE 2,1003. i

01m; PLASTIC MATERIAL. ED D30. 6. 1902. 0

V} L. DUN-NE. LISHING AND SU FILLED MAR.17-. 1900. B

PRESSURE PLATE F0 APPLIUA ITO-MODEL.

Quorum awvewtpz: z'ncentl.

UNITE STATES Patented June 2, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

PRESSURE-PLATE FOR POLISHINGAND SURFACING PLASTIC MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 730,102, dated June 2, 1903.

Application filed'March 17, 1900. RenewtclDeoember 6, 1902- Serial No. 134,202. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VINCENT L. DUNNE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Pressure-Plates for Polishing and Surfacing Plastic' Material, of which the following is a specification.

It is a common practice to subject celluloid, paper, cardboard, or other plastic material to pressure between opposing pressure parts for the purpose of calendering or polishing the surface of the material treated, and it has also been a common practice to place suitable designs upon one or both of the opposing pressure parts for the purpose of producing corresponding designs upon one or both surfaces of the material to be treated. Prior to my invention the pressure parts have been commonly given an electrically-deposited'coating or facing of nickel, with a view of maintaining them in the highly-burnished condition necessary for the production of a smooth and polished surface upon the material treated. A plate or pressure part having such an electrically-deposited coatingof nickel, while superior to an nncoated plate, is defective, owing;

to the thinness of the. electrically-deposited coating and the imperfect union between it and the backing, in that the coating rapidly wears away and peels off under the pressure and corrosive action to which it is subjected,

hand, the initial cost of a pressure part ontirely composed of nickel'or nickel alloy is such asto preclude its use.

My invention therefore has for its object to produce at a small cost a pressure part having a face of nickel or nickel alloy thereon,

thereto.

vc ordance with this invention.

the nickel face being capable of receiving a great amount of wear and of being reburnished from time to time andwhich can have produced thereon designs in intaglio or cameo after the nickel face has been formed and for these purposes my invention consists of a pressure part for surfacing plastic material haying a nickel or nickel-alloy face welded to a backing and produced by working down a compound ingot of nickel or nickel alloy and iron or steel, &c., to the proper thickness, whereby the nickel or nickel-alloy face becomes thoroughly welded to and incorporated with the iron or steel backing, so that the nickel or nickel-alloy face will not under the pressureand corrosive action to which it is subjected in use scale or peel from its backing and whereby a pressure part constructed as herein stated may have its nickel or nickel-alloy face rehurnished from time to time and "whereby suitable designs may be stamped upon or in a compound pressure-plate produced as above without cracking the facing or effecti nga separation thereof from its backing.

In the following specification and claim I will refer to the coating or facing as of nickel, although it is obvious and within the scope of my invention to use a coating of nickel alloy, and in a like maunerI will refer to'the backing as of steel, although it is obviousv and within the scope of my invention to use a backing of iron or copper or any metal to which nickel may be welded.

Referring to the accompanyingv drawings, in which corresponding parts are designated by similar marks of reference, Figure l represents a press such as may be used in surfacing and polishing cards or plates of celluloid having my improved pressure part applied Fig. 2 is a section through a com: pound ingot suitable for use in producing my improved pressure-plate. Fig. 3 is a section througha pressure-plate constructed in ac- Fig. 4 is a section through a pair of rolls such as used for calendering, having my invention applied thereto. 1

In Fig. 3 I have shown my invention as embodied in a flat pressure-plate A, and in these figures, a designates a backing of relae tivelycheap material,such as steel,and b b facings of nickel ornickel alloy, the proportionate thickness of the backing and facings in the ingot being the same as in the finished plate. In the production of the finished plate a compound ingot, such as is shown in Fig. 2, is heated and while hot is worked down (as by repeatedly passing it through suitable rolls) by which its thickness and the thickness of each of the layers of which it is composed is reduced until a plate A, suitable for use in the manner herein stated, is produced. Under the simultaneous action of heat and pressure in the working down the facings b b will become welded to and even incorporated with the backing (L, so that no line of union between the layers (0 and Z) b can be discovered and so that under no conditions occurring in practice will the facing b 1) scale off. As illustratitnz, the relative proportions of backing and facing that may compose the compound ingot, I cite, without restricting myself thereto,an ingot havinga facingthereon of a thickness equal to one-tenth to onesixtieth of thethickness of the backing. Such an ingot when rolled down to the form of a pressure-plate, as shown in Fig. 3, may have the nickel facing thereon one one-hundredth of an inch thick when the ingotfrom which it was forged has a facing one-tenth of the thickness of the backing. The thickness of the facing of the pressure-plate may, however, be made much less, being even thinner than an electrically-deposited coating, (which is seldom over one five-hundredth of an inch thick,) without destroying the advantages possessed by the welding of the face to the backing. Thus plates having a welded face one one-thousandth of an inch thick will be found durable and capable of being reburnished. In the drawings, however, the proportionate thickness of the facings has been exaggerated for the purpose of better illustration.

In Figs. 2 and 3 I have shown the ingot and plate rolled therefrom as having a facing 1) on each side thereof; but it is obvious that only one side of ingot or plate may be faced.

Two fiat pressure-plates, such as the one shown in Fig. 3, may be inserted in a screw or other press B, as is shown in Fig. 1, and a sheet or sheets of the plastic material C, such as celluloid, to be surfaced or calendered may be inserted therebetween and pressure applied.

It is obvious that instead of the pressureplate A being flat it may be curved. Thus in Fig. 4: I have shown the pressure parts in the form of calendering-rolls A A, between which a sheet 0 of the material to be calendered maybe fed, each roll being formed from a compound ingot of nickel and steel and having a face Z) of the nickel surrounding a steel core a, to which it is welded and with which it is incorporated in the manner before described.

It is obvious that only a single pressure part having a nickel face, such as the plate A or the roll A, may be used, the opposing pressure part being of any desired material, and that owing to the character of the nickel face on a pressure part constructed in accordance with this invention such face may be burnished from time to time as it becomes pitted or uneven from wear.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

As an improved article of manufacture, the hereinbefore-described pressure part for polishing and surfacing plastic material, consisting of a nickel face and a backing of other meta1,welded and incorporated together, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VINCENT It. DUNN E.

Witnesses:

M. S. EYLAR, PAUL VAN DIEMEN.

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