US727106A - Smoke-consuming apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED MAY 5, 1903.

' G. A. DUEBBEL.

SMOKE CONSUMING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 29, 1902.

NO MODEL.

Nunms PE1-:Rs oo, Puma Ln UNITED STATES Patented May 5, 190s.4

PATENT GEErcE.

GUSTAV ADOLPH DOEBBEL7 OF ALTONA, GERMANY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,106, dated May 5, 190e. Application led August 29, 1902.v Serial No. 121,497. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GUsTAv ADoLPH DoEB- EEL, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Altona, in the Province of Schleswig-Holstein, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke-Consuming Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. l

This invention relates to an improved apparatus or installation for furnacesl of all kinds, by means of which the smokewhich enters 'the flues uuconsumed may there beV burned with useful effect and in such a manner that no smoke enters the chimney or funnel or escapes therefrom into the atmosphere. The said'installation is composed of various devices in such a manner and the functions of the same are vso connected one with the other and arranged to cooperate or alternate that under the iniiuence of an arrangement of fluid-fuel burners the thin ames or amejets of which are uninterruptedly directed into suitable parts of the smokeflues the smoke is consumed in the flues or in those of them which surround or come into contact with the body to be heated, thus effecting economies in the consumption of fuel, while by one of the said arrangements a greater development of energy is imparted to the draft of the furnace, so that steam may be maintained in the boiler better than heretofore. A further special advantage of this installation consists in the fact that all existing heating and furnace installations may be con- Verted into installations in accordance with this invention without any considerable modication in their operative parts at a" comparatively small cost and with but little interruption in their Working-for example, during the cleaning of the boilers.

By means of the Huid-fuel burners above referred to it is possible to distribute the combustion of the smoke over the entire length of all the lues up to the chimney, and a subsidiary result of this is that the air is also better distributed throughout the Whole of the ues and in larger quantities, so that the air has the force, time, and space to suiiiciently commingle the smoke with oxygen and conduct it into all parts of the flues into contact with the dames of the fluid-fuel burners arranged there, Where it is ignited and completely consumed.

In order that my invention may be more fully understood, I shall noW proceed to describe the same in detail,'and for that pur- -pose reference is taken to the accompanying sheet of drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is an end View, partly in section on the line I I, Fig. 2, of a stationary Cornish boiler provided with and embodying my iuvention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal horizontal section, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal vertical section, of the said boiler;l and Fig. 4 is a detailed View showing, on an enlarged scale,'a longitudinal section of a Huid-fuel burner.

Similar letters referto similar parts throughout the several figures.

According to this invention the air maybe su pplied through appropriate pipes b, or said air-supply may be effected in other Ways, according to the arrangement of the heating installation, and may, for example, be produced by compression. As the air must always be introduced into the lues between the hearth and the chimney and in closer proximity to the chimneythau to the hearth, it prejudicially effects the draft conditions of the furnace in all cases to a greater or lessextent, and in order to compensate for this the energy of the furnace must be artificially increased.

'In the present instance vthis is effected by forcing compressed, air through a pipe b and suitable pipesc anda series of holes in these latter pipes under the grate between the grate-bars into the fuel, sothat it passes through this latter, its Aoxygen causing an energetic combustion of the fuel and of its smoke even in the furnace and also supporting a further penetration of the flames into the flames-tubes or lire-dues. The stronger and more voluminous this compression is up to a certain limit the greater the quantity of air whichfmay be introduced into the ilues without prejudice to the conditions of the draft until complete smoke combustion is obtained, and this without driving the heat into the chimney and out of the same, as the air introduced into the dues al- IOO ways counter-balances the forcing action of the compressed air under the grate and in the fuel, this being readilyeffected by means of valves or registers (not shown) on the aforesaid pipes b and c, the air displacement under the grate or in the fuel being preferably allowed to somewhat preponderate.

As the smoke burns so much the more readily and completely the hotter it is, the air-supply may conveniently be taken from a preliminary heating-chamber, which may be heated by waste steam passing through radiator-pipes or in some other suitable manner. This chamber may be formed of slabs of plaster or the like and be built into the upper masonry of the boiler. This will be unnecessary in most cases, however, if gratings d, of iron or stone or of stone in combinationywith iron, are arranged to as great an extent as is permitted of by the ratio of the draft (considered with reference to the aperture over the fire-bridge, that is) in the dame-pipe or heating-pipes and where possible in the side iiues also, which gratings in addition to being heated by the furnaceflames are principally heated and raised to a red or White heat-by means of the smokegases, which are caused to burn as continuous streams of flame by means of the fluidfuel burners ciy in all the flues, and which collect the hot air which has hitherto been allowed to escape freely to the chimney and store it 'up for a longer time for heating the smoke and gradual transmission of its heat to the Walls of the boiler or the like.

For the periods following charging of the furnace, when the smoke streams or passes from the cold fuel into the flues in a colder condition, this heating of the grating or other heat-retaining devices distributed throughout the mass is absolutely essential for effecting the complete combustion of the smoke, and its efficiency is so great (as proved by eX- periments) that after shutting down the fires, owing to the incandescence of these parts if the register of the chimneyis opened too soon, the safety-valve of the boiler will be opened and a considerable quantity ofl steam will blow off. This intense heating of the gratings is of course mainly attributable to the action of the fluid-fuel burners a upon the smoke which is permeated with oxygen,which the iiames cause to burn continuously, and also to a smaller extent to the result of the action of the energetic permeation of the fuel with oxygen owing to the intense and voluminous supply of compressed ail-,which causes the furnace-dames, already freed to some extent from smoke, to enter the fire-tubes to a greater distance than has hitherto been the case, thus raising a portion of the grating which starts immediately behind the firebridge to incandescence.

The iiuid fuel burners t may advantageously be formed in longitudinal boxes e, which may be fixed in the masonry, penetrating into the flues to the desired extent and being open outwardly, Fig. 4. Through suitable pipingf, in which is arranged a wickf, oil, benzine, or an oil mixture is conducted to the slightly upwardly bent end opening of the pipe and there ignited. Each pipe fis provided with a reservoir g and may be introduced into the aforesaid longitudinal box e when kindled in such a manner that the llame is situated beneath a hole in the box e. The flame ascending from the hearth so constituted is drawn into the flues owing to the draft of the chimney, and as thin iiame or flame-jet ignites in a continuous manner the previously-heated masses of smoke without being prej udicially affected by the smoke and draft in the dues. The aforesaid reservoir g may conveniently be suspended outside. In the case of coal-gas furnaces gas-flames are of course employed instead of the oil-flames described above.

Owing to the fact that,as already explained, an efficient smokeless combustion in furnaces or heating installations cannot in many cases be attained either by means of a single-acting or several single-acting appliances, but only by combining a series of appliances and methods with great care one with the other in such a manner that they act suitably in combination or alternation, these details form an interdependent installation or'whole. This novel installation is of special value for steamgenerators, owing to the great efficiency ob tainable from the fuel, so that owing to economies in fuel, in storage-room, dac., a large saving may be effected. A

Having fully descrbedmy invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pate ent, is-

l. In a furnace,a grate,a iire-bridge,means to force air beneath the grate, a reverted airpipe behind the dre-bridge, means beyond the fire-bridge to retain heat, duid-fuel burners and air-supply pipes in proximity thereto to ignite the products of combustion, substantially as and for'the purpose set forth.

2. In a furnace,agrate,a fire-bridge, means to force air beneath the grate, a main iiue, a reverted air-pipe and means to store heat in said flue, lateral iiues, duid-fuel burners and an air-supply in proximity to each burner in the lateral flues, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

3. In a furnace,a grate,a fire-bridge, means to force air beneath the grate, a main flue, a reverted air-pipe and fire-brick gratings in said flue, lateral dues, flame-jet pipes e and liquid-fuel-fed burners in said pipes, and airpipes to feed air in proximity to the dames from said flame-jet pipes,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a furnace, the combination with a flame-jet pipe e provided with an orifice near its end, a reservoir for liquid fuel, a wicktube from the reservoir terminating in said pipe near the orifice and auxiliary air-supply IOO tubes in proximity to the orifice in the amefuelburners proximate the air-supplies in the jet pipe, substantially as und for the purpose auxiliary iues, substantially as and for the set forth purpose set forth.

5. In a furnace,a grate,a. flre-bridge,a. main GUSTAV ADOLPH DOEBBEL. 5 flue, an air-supply and heat-retaining grat- Witnesses:

ings in said ue, auxiliary fines, heat-retain- MAX LEMCKE,

ing gratings therein, air-supplies and liquid- E. H. L; MUMMENHOFF.

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