US70447A - lurmann - Google Patents

Description

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To ALL wHoM 11' MAY coNeERNz Be it known that I, F. W. RMANN, of Osnabruck, in the Kingdom of Prussia, have iuvented a new and useful mPl'OVCmCH? in BlaS-Furnaccs; and I do herebydeclarc that the following is a full, clear, and cxact description thereof, which willfenable those skillcd in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which drawing- Figure 1 is a Vertical central section of a furnace' to which my improvement is applied..

Figurc 2 is a hprizont'al section through the tuyeresL' i i Figure 3 is a front elevation of the slag-discharge piece detached.

Figure 4 is a Vertical section of the latter, also dct'ached'.

This invention relatcs to furnaces for smelting iron orc, and has for its object to dispensc with the tymp" or fora-hearth ond the wall-stone now in common use in iron blast-furnaces, and to i'eplace the tymp arrangement by such a construction as allows the slag to bc tapped directly from the hearth. In the tymp arrangement the slag is driven out of the furnace by being first forc'ed below the tympstone, which projects below the level of the tuyeres and intcrccpts the currents of' air, and prevents their escape with the slag, which stands in the vtymp 'at the same level ason the hearth, the slag being'discharged onlyr when it rises-in the tymp high enough to ovcrilow the top of the wall-stone that forms thebo'titom of the discharging'orifice. By this amn'gcmentthe tymp-stonc constitutcs a trap which intercepts the eurrents of air, and causes their pressure to be exerted directly on the surface of the slag on thehearth. This method of construction has several disadvantages, one of which is the diflicultyof keeping the tymp-stone and the surrounding parts in repair; another is, that the pressure-of the currcnts of air or wind is limited and counteracted-by the counter-pressure of the column'fl of slag in the tymp; and another is, that one side of the furnace being ocoupied by the tymp, no tuyere can be applied oa=` that'side, and consequently the supply of wind is irregularly distrihuted.

My invcntion avoids or overcomes these disadvantages in a simple and eifective manner.

In this example of my invcntion the letter 1A designates the furnace, and B several 'tuyeres, which are arrangcd therein at a proper height. My furnace has no tymp, and the sidcs of the hearth, whether round o r square, extend clear down to the bottom stone, the usual opening (not shown in the drawing) being made in the lower part of the hearth, for the discharge of the iron. The openings of or the tuyeres B are distributed at equal distances apart in the sides of the hearth. At a suitable height from the bottom-stonc I leave an opening in the hearth, in which I place a cast--iron or brass slag-discharge piece, D, which is cast or made with numerous channels or pipes, running up and down or in other dircctions through it, as shown in figs. 3 and 4. The piece D is formcd with a dove-tail on its upper end, which is fitted into the bottom of a stationary metallic plate, O, connected with the furnace. This plate is also cast or made with channels or pipes running through it, and the channels or pipes of said plate and of the piece D may be so arranged as to connect or communicate with each other when the plate C and fpicce D are in their proper positions, or they may be independent of each other.

The object of the said ehannels or pipes .pis to permit the plate C and piece D to hc cooled, by forcing water` through them while the furnace is in operation, proper ,connections being made for that purpose with a reservoii" of cold water, or with a force-pump. One or more holes are made in said piece D, through which the sla'g is discharged, the Shape of said holes being shown in figs. 3 and 4, the middle portion being cylindrical, but each end being conical or flaring: The dimensions of the slagdischarge piece are a little less than the opening in which it is placed, and the space left around it is filled with sand, which can bc readily remo'ved in case it is dcsired to remove the piece D to repair it, or if it is desired to have an opening in the hearth to work through, as when any irregularity in the smelting process has taken place. The fiow of cooling-water through the slag- (lischarge piece D is regulated for the purpose of controlling discharge of the slag through it. By allowing much Cooling water to circulate through its waterchanne'ls or pipes, the temperature of the piece D is lowercd sufliciently to allow a coating of slag to adhere and choke its discharge openings, which are of less diameter in the middle than at their ends. By reducing the flow of eooling-watcr the piece 4is allowed to retain a higher' tcmperature,and in consequence the slag is melted out of the discharge-openings, and they become' clear and open, and pcrmit the slag to flow without intcrrup'tion. When the slag in the hearth is lower than the level of lthe dscharge-opcnings, the lattorarc-simply'closed by an iron rod.

My invention canhbe easily applied, by thoseski'llcd in the art to which it belongs, to blast-furnaces of' the common construction.

The invention is attended with several advantages over the common method of constructing or nrronging furnaces, among which I mention the following:

First. It permits a. higher pressure of wind.

Second. The henrth is preserved in better condition than where the common mode of construction is retoinod.

Third. The lbor of the operation of smelting is lessencd.

Fourth. It allows one more side of the hearth for a -tuyere.

Ffth. It zwoids the stoppnges of the wind supply, now necessary as often a'' the iron is dischnrged.

Sixth. A considcrnble increase is goined in the product of the furnace, while nt the same time the costof labor and repairs is lessened.

What I cloim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- 1. The slag-diseharge piece D, constructed and arrange. substzmtially as deseribed.

2. The slag-discharge piece D, in combination with the plate O, to which it is fittcd substnntially as describcd.

3. The shape of the discharge-opening or openings of the`` piece D, being made flaring at its encls, and of dininished diameter in the mid dle or central part, substantially os deseribed.

4. Combning with the sIag-discharge piece o series of water-Channels or pipes, substantinlly us and for the Purpose above set forth. i 5. Combining with the metallic plate C :Lv series of Water-chnn'nels or pipes, substnntinlly ns and for the purpose chore set forth;

6. The method of controlling the discharge of sing from blast-furnaces, by regulnting the slag-discharge piece, substantially :ts described.

vThis specification'signed by me this twelfth (lay of July, 1867.

' F. W. LURMANN'.

the temperature of Witnesscs z A. STEINHOFF, E. SCHEMMANN.

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