US692583A - Woodworking-machine. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. 4, I902;

F. E. ZIMMERMANNf WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

(Application flied Jan. 21, 1901.)

5 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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Patented Feb. 4, I902.

F. E. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWURKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Jan. 21, 1901.)

5 Sheets-$heei 2.

(No Model.)

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No. 692,583. Patented Feb. 4, I902.

' F; E. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

. (Application filed Jan. 21, 1901. (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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Patented Feb. 4, I902. F. E.. ZIMMERMANN.

WOODWOBKING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Jan. 21, 1901.)

(No Modal.) 5 Sheets- Sheet 4.

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No. 692,583. I Patented Feb. 4, I902.

F. E. ZIMMERMANN. WOODWORKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Jan. 21, 1901.)

(No Mode'l.) I 5 Sheets8heet 5.-

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I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANZ ZIMME'RMANN, OF- NEVV YORK, N. Y.

WOOD'WORKING-MACHINE. I

SPECZFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 692,583,"dated February 4, 1902. Application filed January 21, 1901'. Serial No. 44,009. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ E. ZIMMER- MANN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woodworking-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a

plan view, of a Woodworking-machine embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is a front elevation, and Figs. 4 and 5 are side views, of my improved cutter-head,which is a part of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional views thereof on lines 6 6 and 7 7, respectively, indicated in Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a side elevation partly-sectional view of a modified form of a woodworkingmachine embodying my invention. Fig. 9 is a front elevation thereof, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail View in elevation of the mechanism for lifting the frame supporting the block of Wood to be planed.

My invention relates to woodworking-machines; and it consists of the hereinafterde-.

scribed construction of an end-wood-planing machine shown in the drawings and of the particular construction of the cutter-head used in connection therewith. The machine is designed for planing endwood, more particularly cutting or carving blocks and the like.

The frame of the machine wherein the operative parts thereof are mounted consists of uprights A, connected by cross-ties B and B, beams O and braces D supporting the ends thereof. The framewherein the material acted upon by the machine is secured during the operation consists of beams E and crossties F, joining the beams together. This frame moves on rollers a,.mounted in the side bars 2 of bed G, and in corresponding grooves provided in the projecting ends of ties B, the latter being exactly in line with the former. It will be observed in plan view, Fig. 2, that bed G is situated at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the frame of the machine. The object of this will be explained whenthe construction of the cutter-head used in the machine and its mode of operation are described.

On the insides of the uprights A guides 3 are provided,engagin g with the movable frame H, wherein shaft 4 of the cutter-head is'mountedin bearings on standards 5. This movable frame is balanced by weights 6, connected thereto by ropes 7, sliding over pulleys 8, revolving on shafts mounted in standards 9, secured on the top of the frame by screwbolts or.in any other suitable manner. Two two-armedlevers 10 are fnlcrumed on shaft 7 11, mounted in hearings on brackets 12, and

have their forward ends connected by links 13 to the movable frame H, whereas their other ends are connected by links 14 to disks 15, rigidlysecured to shaft 16, which is driven by a belt or pulley 17, also keyed to the shaft 16. 'By means of this mechanism the movable frame H is reciprocated While the ma- 1 chine is in operation.

The shaft 4, whereon the cutterhead I is mounted, is driven from counter-shaft 18, mounted in standards K, by means of an oscillating elbow transmission consisting of shaft 19,- mounted' in bearings 20 and 21, the

former being connected by'rods 22 to bearings 20, set on shaft 18, and the latter being connected by rods 23 to bearings 21*, which are set on shaft'et. Counter-shaft 18 is driven .bya belt passing over pulley 2-l, keyed thereto, and the power is transmitted to shaft4= by belt 25, passing over pulleys 26 and 27, the former keyed to the counter-shaft 18 and the latter to shaft 19, and by belt 28, passing over pulleys 29 and 30, the former secured to'shaft 19 and the latter to shaft at.

- The cutter-head consists of a block 31, having a central bore, wherein shaft 4 is fitted and secured by set-screw 32, and upon this block are arranged and secured thereto the several tools composing the same. face of the block 31 is recessed adjacent to The outerits outer periphery, and in this recess, slant- 7 ing from the center toward the circumference of the block, is secured asaw-ring 33. Upon the circumferential face of the block 31 cutters 34 are secured by screws 35; The cutting edges of these cutters project through apertures 36 in the saw-ring beyond the face of the saw and are set in the same direction as the teeth of the saw 33. Another set of cutters 37 are secured to the rear face of block 31 by screw-bolts 38. They are set to project some distance beyond the circumference of the block 31 and approximately midway between it and the points of the teeth of the saw. Still another set of cutters 40 are set in recesses 39, provided in the block 31 and secured to it by screws 41. The edges of these cutters project through apertures 42 beyond the front face of the cutter-head and are set at right angles to the line of the teeth of the saw. They project slightly beyond the edges of cutters :34, whereas the latter extend beyond the lateral edges of the teeth of the saw.

The object of this arrangement of the several cutters in the cutter-head is to secure the cooperation of all these several implements, to

the end that the surface of the block of end wood while being evened by the cutting of the saw may also at the same time be planed smoothly. The lateral edges of the saw, on

the outer face thereof, and the edges of the cutters 34 and 40 are set in a line ascending from the periphery of the cutter-head toward its center. This is done not only for the purpose of bringing these several devices one successively after the other in action upon the ma terial operated upon, but also for the purpose of confining the action of these tools upon the material operated upon to only one-half of the revolution of the cutter-head. The object of thisis to avoid the jamming of the tools and frictional contact of the tools with the material operated upon. It is for this reason and in accordance with the explained position of the several cutting devices used in the cutter-head that the bed wherein the frame holding the material operated upon moves and the upper guide thereof are set so that the material to be operated upon by the cutter is fed to it, not at right angles to the shaft of the cutter-head, but parallel to the line that would connect the lateral edges of the teeth of the saw and the cutting, edges of the planing-cutters, or, in other words, in a line forming a somewhat acute angle with the axis of the cutterhead.

Though in this manner actually less than one-half of the cutter-head is kept in action upon the material, the result of this arrangement is both quantitively and qualitively far in excess of any device heretofore known or used for such purposes, and all danger of such work and all disturbance caused by heating of the tools are entirely avoided. It is also for this reason that the cutter-head is mounted in a movable frame and is reciprocated during the operation, though by such reciprocating of the cutter it is also made possible to use a comparatively small tool for large blocks of end wood, because in such combination this particularcutter-head combines the'advantages of both a circular and a running or reciprocating instrumentsuch as, for instance, of a band-saw and a circular saw and a reciprocating and circular planer.

The object of cutters 37 is to remove the shaving separated from the block by the saw if the thickness thereof is greater than the thickness of the saw. These cutters 37 can be adjusted higher (nearer to the periphery of the saw) or lower, (farther away therefrom.) The object of the cutters 34 is to remove the but left by the saw and to roughly plane the surface of the block, whereas cutters 40, following them, completely even and smooth the surface, giving it a smooth glossy finish.

Though I have described the construction of the cutter-head so as to enable those desiring to use my improved woodworking-machine to construct such cutter-head, I do not claim it here, reserving its construction as the subject-matter of another application for Letters Patent of the Unit-ed States, remarking that such cutter-head may also be used advantageously in other woodworking-machines-as, for instance, in machines of a modified construction, as hereinafter described, and shown in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. This machine is constructed upon the same principle as the one described above. It is, however, so arranged that the cutterhead is reciprocated horizontally instead of vertically, and the block operated upon by the cutter-head is fed vertically by gradually lifting the frame wherein it is secured. In this machine the guides for the frame wherein the block operated upon by the cutter-head is secured are not vertical, but slanting, declining on a line parallel to the line that would connect the lateral edges of the teeth of the saw and the cutting edges of the planing-cutters set in the cutter-head. The cutter-hcad acts upon the block continuously while movof the carriage H rollers 46 are mounted to freely revolve on spindles 47, and similar rollers 46 are .set on spindles 47, set in clamps 45. The rollers engage, respectively, the upper andlower faces of the projecting guideways 3. They are provided to facilitate an easy sliding motion of the carriage I-I upon the guideways. Carriage H is reciprocated on guideways 3" by the mechanism shown in elevation in Fig. 9 and consisting of sprocketwheels 56, set on spindles 57 and connected by chain 58, to which a finger 59 is secured. This finger engages in slot 60, provided in lug 61, which is integral with or secured to carriage I-l. Spindles 57 are set in bearings 62, secured to the flanges of guides 3, and on one of these spindles 57 a rope-pulley 63 is set and rigidly secured thereto, which is driven by rope 64 from a suitable counter-shaft or transmission. Shaft 4 is driven from countershaft 48, mounted in standards K, by a similar elbow transmission as the one used in the machine described above, This transmission.

consists of shaft 49, mounted in bearings and 51, of'which the former are connected by rods 52 to bearings 53, set on shaft 48, and the latter by rods 54 to bearings 55, set on shaft 4.

Shaft 49 is driven by belt 25,-stretchedover pu-lleys'26, secured toshaft 48, and 27, secured to shaft 49. Shaft-His driven by belt 28, stretched over pulley 29, secured to shaft 49, and pulley 30*, set on'sliaft- 4 The frame for holding the block which is to be operated upon by the cutter-head consists of beams E, joined by ties F, and is longitudinally movable in bed G and in corresponding grooves provided in ties B and head B", securedto or made integral with beam 0 of the vertically-movable frame. This frame consists of the beamsC, the. aforementionedbed G, and'ties L, uniting them,-and slides on posts- P and P, the former engaging in corresponding bores 19, provided in beam-(J and bed G, and the latter in slot 10', provided in ties. Posts .P'and P are screwed in the base of the machine,'an-d their upper ends-are joined by ties 75 and beams 75 into one structure. The block'to be planed is secured by screw-bolts and clamps in the 'longitudinally-movable frame, which for this purpose may be Withdrawn from the vertically-movable frame and then again reinserted,- and as the cutting'and planing operation progresses is successively fed by raising the vertically-movable frame. For this purpose rack 67, secured to beam 0 g by screws 68 or in other suitable manner, engageswith cog-wheel 69, which is mounted on a shaft 70, revolving in bearings 71. Roller 85, set to revolve on stud 86, mounted in lug 87, which is secured to tie 75, acts on the-rack 67, holding it in engagement with the cog-wheel 69. On the same shaft 70 ratchet-wheel 72 and lever 74 are mounted, the former being rigidly secured thereto. Pawl 73, pivoted to lever 74:, engages with ratchet-wheel 72, and thus by each downward motion of lever 74 the ratchet-wheel is moved to the extent of the motion of the le- Oog-Wheel 69,-turning with the shaft, draws rack 67, and with it the frame supporting the block, upwardly. Pawl 76,.pivoted on pin 77, set in lugs 78, looks the ratchetwheel 72 while lever '74 is moved upwardly, and thus holds, the frame in" the position to which it was lifted by the motion of the lever 74. Pawl 76 isheld in engagement with ratchet-wheel 72 by'spring 89, set on pin 77,

and is integral with lever 79, engaging with one arm of bell-crank lever 80. The other arm of bell-crank lever 80 is connected to brake-band '81, whose one end is secured to clamp 82, attached to the tie 75, and the other to handle 83. Brake-band 81 is passed over pulley 84, which is also rigidly secured to shaft; This device is provided for reducing the speed and force of the frame when the planing of the block is accomplished and the frame returned to its lowermost position. This is done by pulling handle 83 downwardly, whereby the pawl '76is first disen-.

'blo ckto be planed may be placed with the face to be'planed in horizontal position and the. shaft revolving the cutterin a nearly vertical position, its deviation from vertical position being such as to enable a cutter to operate upon the block in the manner hereinbefore explained;

The operation of the machine as far as the action of the cutter and the several tools, the

saw'and the cutters, is concerned is exactly the sameas explained with reference to the machine-described above, and the operation of the cutter upon the block is the same whether the cutter is reciprocated and the blockstationary or vice versa.

I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 4 1. Awoodworking-machine comprising a frame, a shaft mounted therein, a cutter-head set on the shaft and comprising a block, a circular saw secured to the block and projecting beyond its'circumference, cutters secured to the block on the rear sideof the saw and havin g their cutting edges set parallel to, and beyond the teeth of the saw andplaning-cutters secured to the block with their edges projecting forward beyond the plane of the saw in a line progressively ascending from the lateral L the saw and of the cutters set in the cutter* head, substantially as described; a framefor holding the material tobe operated upon by the cutter-head, set movably in the guides and means for rotating the shaft.

' 2. A woodworking-machinecomprising a stationary frame, a reciprocating frame movably mounted therein,'a shaft mounted in the reciprocating frame; a cutter-head secured to the shaft andcomprising a block, a circular saw secured to the block and projecting beyondits circumference, cutters secured to the block on the rear side of the saw and having their cutting edges set parallel to, and beyond the teeth of the saw and planing-cutters secured to the blockwith their edges projecting forward beyond the plane of the saw in a line progressively ascending from the lateral edge of the-teeth of the saw toward the center of the cutter-head, guides secured to the stationary frame of the machine in a line parallelto the progressively-ascending line of the edges of the saw and of the cutters set in the cutter= head, substantially as described; a frame for holding the material to be operated upon by the cutter-head, set movably in the guides; means for rotating the cutter-head and means for reciprocating the movable frame.

3. A wood-planing machine comprising a stationary frame and a reciprocating frame, a shaft mounted in the reciprocating frame, a rotary cutting device secured to the shaft and 5 provided with sawing and planing tools ar- I ranged progressively in a line rising from the i periphery toward the center of the rotary cutting device; guidewayssecnred to the stationary frame and set in a line parallel to the line a marked by the edges of the different tools in the rotary cutting device; a frame for feeding the material to be operated upon by the rotary cutting device set inovably in the guide- Ways; means for reciprocating the movable frame and means for rotating the shaft.

FRANZ E. ZIMMERMANN.

\Vitnesses:

J OHN A. PAULSON, ROBERT VALENTINE MATHEWS.

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