US684438A - Building construction. - Google Patents

Description

vPatentgad Oct. I5Y

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT IVILLIAM KING, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

SFECEFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 684,438, dated October 15, 1901.

Application filed February 18, 1901. Serial No. 47,724. (No model.)

T0 {LZ/ whom, it 771mg/ concern:

Beit known that I, ROBERT WILLI an KING, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented an Improvement in Building Construction, ot which the following description, in connection with the accom panying drawings, is a specification, like nu nierals on the drawings represent-ing like parts.

This invention relates to building construction which is especially adapted for greenhouses and similar structures; and its object is to provide a construction which will include means for collecting the moisture or water of condensation which gathers on the inside of the roof of the building. The construction also involves means for conducting such moisture or water of condensation after it has been collected through the supports for the roof and into a suitable drain,which will carry the same outside of the building.

Ina greenhouse or other building where the moisture in the air condenses and collects upon the inside walls thereof constructed in accordance with my invention the annoyance due to the inside drip is entirely obviated.

In constructing my greenhouse to accomplish the above-named object I provide suitable hollow arch-supports for the roof, upon which are mounted troughs or other open conduits, situated directly underneath the lower portions of the slopes or the valley of the roof, so that any water of condensation which gathers upon the roof and runs down the same will be collected in the open conduits or troughs and be conducted by them to the hollow supports, the said water passing through the supports and into the drain. The hollow arch-supports for the roof comprise what I term arch-heads,77 which are supported at each end by tubular standards or legs, said standards being connected to the drain. The arch-heads have suitably supported thereon beams which run lengthwise of the roof at the valley of the roof, where the adjacent spans of the roof meet, and said beams have secured to either side thereof suitable brackets in which the lower ends of the sash-bars of the roof are su pported. Immediately underneath the beams,at either side thereof and supported on the arch-heads, are the troughs above mentioned, which empty into the hollow arch' heads. The brackets which support the ends of the sash-bars are formed with a drip-groove lSurrounding, the same, the mouth of the dripgroove being immediately over the trough, so that any7 water which runs down the sash-bars will be collected in said grooves and deposited into the trough.

A greenhouse embodying my invention will be free from the annoyance due to the continual dripping of the water of condensation which collects on the inside of the roof thereof or that may leak through the joints of the glass.

In the drawings, Figure lis a section on the line l l, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a section of the sash-supporting bracket on the line 4, Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is an elevation of such bracket, and Fig. G is a section of the sash-bar.

Greenhouse-roofs are usually made with a series of parallel roof-arches, which generally run longitudinally of the building, each roofarch comprising the usual sash-bars, to which the glass is attached, the sash-bars serving as rafters and having their lower ends attached to and supported by beams, which beams are carried by suitable supports. When the roof comprises a series of parallel roof-arches, the meeting edges of adjacent arches are supported on a beam which extends along the valley of the roof and is common to both arches, and in Fig. 2are illustrated the meeting portions of two such adjacent roof arches or spans. Since the number of arches in any one roof depends on the size of the greenhouse and since each arch is of the same structure, it is not deemed necessary to further illustrate the invention. Each roof-arch comprises the usual sash-bars 22, which support the glass in any ordinary way, the said sash-bars'being supported at their lower ends by the beams 8, which beams are common to two adjacent arches and run, preferably, lengthwise of the building along the valley of the roof. The means for supporting lower end sash-bars will be hereinafter described. The beams 8 are supported on suitable archsupports comprising what I term archheads 3 and standards or legs 4 for supporting each end thereof, the said arch-heads being in the nature of cross-girders, which lie IOO at right angles to the beams S and are centrally positioned under said beams, as seen in Fig. 2. Each arch-head is hollow, as hereinafter described, and the standards or legs 4 are also hollow, they preferably being tubular and being supported in arch-feet 5, which rest ou suitable foundations, the said archfeet being connected by pipe 6 to a drain 7. The arch-supports thus described form the support for the roof-trusses, and, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the said arch-heads or crossgirders are made slightly arching and of cha-nnel-iron, so that they are substantially U shape in cross-section, and to strengthen the same I preferably provide the under side of each arch-head with the web 3. As illustrated, each arch-head carries the chair 9, shown as inverted-U shape,thelower portions thereof having the notches 10, which set into suitable notches 11 in the top of the side portions of the U-shaped arch-heads, as plainly seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The top of the chair 9 is provided with a countersink, in which the head of a bolt 12 rests, the said bolt passing down through the bottom of the U-shaped arch-head 3 and serving to secure the chair rmly in place. Each end of the chair is provided with a suitable aperture 13, through which lugs 14 upon the beam ends 15 project, the said beam ends having secured to them in any suitable way the beams S. To prevent the beam ends from becoming disengaged from the chairs, I may, if desired, pass suitable pins 16 through the lower ends of the lugs, as seen in Fig. 1.

Vith this construction it will be seen that the beams S and their attached beam ends serve to tie together the various arch-heads, and in order to strengthen the beam I truss the same by attaching thereto the posts 18, having open sockets at their lower ends, in which the tru ss-rod 19 is seated,the said trussrod being fastened at its ends in any suitable way to lugs or ears 20 upon the beam ends. The beams 8, it will be understood, support the lower end of the sash-bars 22, the said sash-bars serving as a support for the usual glass roof. I have devised special fittings or brackets 40 (illustrated in detail in Figs. 4 and 5) for thus securing the lower ends of the sash-bars to the beam 8, such brackets or castings having the side flanges 23 provided with the vertical edge 25 and the base 24, which is inclined, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the upper edge of said base meeting the sides of the beam 8 at a pointintermediate to the'upper and lower edges thereof, as seen in Fig. 2, by reason of which construction the ends of the sash-bars rest partially against the base 24 and partially against the sides of the beam 8, it being understood that the ends of each sash-bar are beveled to fit the angle between the base 24 of the fitting or bracket and the side of the beam 8, the ends of the sashbars being secured to the brackets by suitable screws 51. The side flanges 23 have integral therewith the perforated ears or lugs 25, by means of which the said brackets or castings are secured to the sides of the beams S, and the lower portion of each of said brackets has the upwardly-inclined flange 27 projecting therefrom on three sides thereof, the said flange forming a drip-groove for the purpose of collecting any water of condensation which runs down the sash-bars. Each sash-bar is preferably provided with a dripgroove 48, running longitudinallyalong each side thereof, and the side flanges 23 are provided with the cut-away portion 49, which is in line with the drip-groove 4S, whereby any water which runs down said drip-groove 48V can flow through the cut-away portion 49 of the side flanges and into the drip-groove surrounding the bracket 40. Underneath either side of the beam 8 and'seated in suitable recesses in the top of the side pieces of the archheads 3 are troughs or open conduits 30,which empty into the U -shaped arch-heads, as plainly seen in Fig. 1.

W'ith this construction it will be obvious that any water of condensation which collects on the glass or the sash-bars and runs down the same to the bottom of the slope of the roof will drip off into the troughs 30 and be conducted to the hollow arch heads and through the standards 4 to the drains 7., the water which runs down the sash-bars being collected by the drip-groove 27 in the brackets 40 and being deposited into the troughs. It will be noted in this connection that'the drip-groove which surrounds the bracket 40 is constructed on a slight inclination, as seen in Fig. 4, so that the water will freely pass out of the mouth thereof into the trough 30.

Referring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the posts 18 are provided on opposite sides with IOO lugs 43, upon which the troughs 30 rest in- Y termediate to their ends, the inside of said troughs being bolted to the posts by bolts 44. Y

IIO

12o Y L.

In order to strengthen the roof-trusses,

certain of the sash-bars may be trussed, as seen at the right in Fig. 2, in which case the corresponding bracket 40 will have the lug 36 depending from the outer side thereof, the said lug serving to sustain the truss-rod 37, which passes over a king-post 38, secured to the purlin 50, and is secured at its other end to the roof-ridge in any suitable way. (Not shown.) The arch-heads at either side of any roof-arch may be tied together by suitable tie-rods 39, which are connected to the bolt 12 at their ends in any suitable way, the

.said tie-rods preferably having asuitable turnbuckle 4l therein for thepurpose of keeping the structure taut. A roof made as above described is exceedingly strong and durable and at the same time can be easily set up or taken down should occasion require, and, furthermore, provision is made for the collecting and conducting to the outside of the building through the hollow supports for the roof of any water of condensation which accumulates on the inside of the roof.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the structure of my device without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I therefore reserve the right to make such changes as come within the appended claims.

, Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In building construction, a roof, a series of hollow supports therefor, said supports being connected to a suitable drain, and means to conduct any moisture which collects ou the inside of the roof through said hollow supports to the drain.

2. In building construction, a roof, a series of hollow supports therefor, said supports being connected to a suitable drain, a trough or open conduit sustained by said supports and emptying into the same, said trough being situated at the bottom of the slopes of Ithe roof, whereby moisture which collects on the inside of said roof will be conducted through said troughs and hollowsupports to the drain.

3. In building construction, a series of hollow arch-heads, roof-trusses supported thereon, and means for conducting the water of condensation which collects on the inside of the roof through the hollow arched heads and to a drain.

4. In building construction, a roof, a series ot' hollow arch-heads supporting the same, tubular standards for the arch-heads, said tubular standards being connected to a suitable drain, and a series of troughs situated at the bottom of the slopes of the roof and emptying into said hollow arch-heads, whereby any moisture that collects on the inside of the roof is deposited into the troughs and conducted through the supports to the drain.

5. In building construction, a series of hollow supports, beams carried thereby, a roof supported on said beams, means to conduct any moisture which gathers on the inside of said roof to said hollow supports, and means to conduct said moisture from the hollow supports to the outside of the building.

6. Inbuildingconstructionforgreenhouses, a series of hollow supports which are connected to a suitable drain, beams supported thereby, sash-bars connected at their lower ends to said beams, said sash-bars with the glass attached thereto forming the roof, and troughs underneath said beams and emptying into the hollow supports, whereby any moisture which collects on the inside of the roof is conducted through the troughs into the hollow supports.

7. In building construction, a series of archheads, U shape in cross-section, hollow standards supporting the same, beams carried by said arch-heads and supporting the roof, and troughs mounted on said arch -heads and emptying into the same, said troughs being situated underneath said beams, whereby the moisture which is collected on the inside of the roof will be caught by said troughs and conducted through the arch-heads.

8. In building construction forgreenhouses, a series of hollow arch-supports, which are connected to a suitable drain, beams carried thereby, brackets secured to said beams and adapted to support the lower ends of the sashbars, said brackets havinga drip-groove eX- tending around the same, and a trough carried by and emptying into said arch-supports and situated beneath said beanuwhereby any moisture which collects on the inside of the roof will be caught in said trough, the moisture which runs down the sash-bars being directed by the drip-groove in the brackets into the trough.

9. In building construction forgreenhouses, a series of hollow arch-supports, which are connected to a suitable drain, beams carried thereby and supporting the meeting edges of adjacent roofarches, brackets attached to both sides of said beams, said brackets having a drip-groove extending arou ud the same, and side iianges provided with a cut-away portion, sash-bars supported at their lower ends in said brackets, and between said side flanges, said sash-bars having a drip-groove which registers with the cut-away portion of the side iianges, whereby the water which runs down the drip-grooves in the sash-bars is caught by the drip-grooves in the brackets, and means to conduct said water discharged by said drip-grooves in the brackets to the hollow arch-supports. Y

l0. In building construction for green houses, a series of hollow arch-supports which are connected to a suitable drain,beams carried by said arch-supports, brackets attached to the said beams, said brackets having a dripgroove surrounding the same, sash-bars supported at their lower ends in said brackets, delecting-plates secured between the brackets and beam, and troughs supported on and emptying into said arch-supports whereby any water that runs down the inside of the roof will be deflected by said plates into the troughs and emptied into the hollow arch-supports.

ll. In building construction for greenhouses, a series of hollow arch -supports, beams carried thereby, brackets connected to said beams, said brackets having a dripgroove extending around the same, sash-bars supported at their lower ends in said brackets, and troughs situated underneath said brackets and emptying into the said hollow IOO arch-supports, certain of said brackets having a lug depending therefrom, and the corresponding sash-bars being trussed and having the truss-rod secured to said lug.

12. In building construction, aseries of hollow arch-supports, chairs supported thereon and extending across the saine, beam ends secured to said chairs, and beams secured to said beam ends and tying together the adjacent arch-supports,-and a roof supported on said beams.

13. In building construction 'for greenhouses, a roof and supports therefor, said roof comprising a series of sash-bars serving as rafters, and glass suit-ablysupported on said sash-bars, and a separate bracket for supporting the lower end of each sash-bar, said brackets each having a drip-groove partially surrounding the same, and means to catch the Water delivered from the drip-grooves.

14. A supporting-bracket for sash-bars in greenhouse-roofs, said bracket having an inclned base or body portion of a size to lit and adapted to support the end of a sash-bar, and a drip-groove extending around three sides of said base or body portion, whereby any moisture which runs down the sash-bar is collected by the drip-groove.

l5. A supporting-bracket for sash-bars in greenhouse-roofs, said bracket having an i11- clined base or body portion adapted to support the end of a sash-bar, parallel side dan ges either side of said base or body portion, each side ange having a cut-away portion, and a drip-groove partially surrounding the base.

1G. A supporting-bracket for sash-bars inY greenhouse-roofs, said bracket having an in-- Y clined base or body portion, parallel side anges either side thereof, each side flangeV Y V 4o tially surrounding the base or body portion, Y,

having a cut-away portion, a drip-groove par'- ears extending from said side anges for attaching the bracket to a beam or other support, and a perforated lug at the base of the body portion adapted to receive a truss-rod.

17. In a building construction t'or greenhouses, a roof comprising the usual sash-bars, Y

supports for the roof, said supports including a beam and a series ofA brackets detachablysupported on the sides thereof, saidY brackets being adapted to receive the ends of the sash-bars, and each bracket having a drip- ROBERT WILLIAM KING.

\Vitnesses:

ALEXANDER` MILLS, J AMES HALEs.

ss .Y i

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