US651216A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

Patented lune 5, |900.

F. w. ToEDT.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application led` Aug. 5, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

I /NVENTOH n|nnmmzmmmmmmmmmmmmmml...

No. 65|,2|6. f Patented june 5, |900.

- F. w. Tueur.

v(MS ENGINE.'

(Application mea Aug. u, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 st )eets-Sheet 2.

y AToH/VEYS lzo NITED STATES PATENT rFIcr;o

FREDERICK WILLIAM TOEDT, OF HAMBURG, IOWA.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 651,216, dated June 5, 1900.

Application iiled August 5, 1899. Serial No. 726,271.. (N0 model.)

To all whom, t wtcty concern:

Be itknown that I, FREDERICK WILLIAM TOEDT, of Hamburg, in the county of Fremont and State of Iowa, have invented anew and Improved Gas-Engine, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in gas-engines, and comprises the novel features hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of my device, taken through the power and the pump cylinders. Fig. 2 is a crosssection taken through said cylinders. Fig. 3 is a section taken through the pump-cylinder and showing one edge of the power-cylinder and the means for exploding the gaseous mixture, and Fig. 4 is a section through the valves controlling the admission and discharge of the gaseous mixture to and from the pump.

The engine herein shown is a vertical engine; but it is evident that the construction of the cylinder and pistons may be applied to horizontal engines as well.

The power-cylinder A is provided with an outer casingA', forminga cooling-jacket d between the two. This jacket is supplied with fresh air which is pumped by means of apiston N', which is connected, by means of a rod N2, directly with one section D' of the powerpiston. The cylinder N, which contains the piston N', is provided with the usual inletvalves n, located at each end thereof, and the discharge-valves fn', said valves being of any ordinary or usual form, such as the usual check-valves. The air-cylinderN is connected with theair-ja'cket by means of a pipe n2. By this means a constant circulation of cool air about the engine-cylinder is provided for, which will keep the same at a reasonable temperature.

The power-piston is divided into two sections D and D', which are connected with each other by means of a stem D2. The section -D, being the section farthest removed from the crank, is the one which is acted upon by the pressure within the cylinder, while the section D' acts mainly as a valve or plug to close theouter or open end of the cylinder A. The section D' also acts as the cross-head, having a pin journal edtherein to which the connecting-rod H is attached. The connecting-rod H atits other end is journaled upon a pin upon the cranks I', which are secured to the main shaft I after the usual manner. v

The gaseous mixture is supplied to the power explosion chamber by means of a pump which is located alongside of the powercylinder and is contained within a cylinder composed of two parts B and B', the inner cylinder B' being slidable lengthwise of the outer cylinder. The pump-piston P, which slides within the inner cylinder B', is connected by means of its rod P' with an arm P2, said arm being connected with a rod P2, which at its other end is fixedly secured to the outer section Dot' the power-piston. The pump-piston therefore moves in exact accord with the power-piston.

The gaseous mixture is supplied to the pump-cylinder through a passage B2and passage B3 and a check-valve T, which is connected with the passage B3. clearly shown in Fig. 4. The air is supplied to the valve T through a pipe T', which connects with a chamber T2, within one wall of which the valve T is placed. Thegas is supplied to this chamber through a pipe T3, which is connected withone side thereof. The passage B3 connects with the outer cylinder B. The cylinder B' is provided at its inner end with a series of longitudinally-extending'bypass ports b2, which are of such a length that the outer ends thereof will be just uncovered by the piston P when the same is at the inner point of its stroke and when the inner cylinder B' is vat its inner position relative to the outer cylinder B. This position is-the one which is shown in Fig. 1

The inner cylinder B' is provided with a Bange at its inner end, by which the cylinder is centered and supported within the outer cylinder B. It is also provided with a similar ange h', located near the center thereof, but at such a distance from the inner end that it will never reach the by-pass ports b2. The outer portion of the inner cylinder B' is provided with a rack L', which is adapted to be engaged by a worm L, mounted upon a shaft K2, which is journaled in one These parts are end of the cylinder B or in any other ixedv support. It is evident that if the shaft K2 and worm L be rotated the inner cylinder B will be moved inward or outward, depending upon the direction of rotation of such worm. This worm may be turned by hand, if desired, or be connected with any suitable governor, so as to control the position of the inner pump-cylinder automatically by said governor. A connection of this sort is shown in Fig. l, consisting of a bevel-pinion K', secured upon one end of the shaft K2 and adapted to alternately mesh with one of a pair of bevel-gears k and 7a2, mounted upon a sleeve which is sldable upon but turns with the engine-shaft I. This cylinder is controlled in position by the governor K, which may be ofanysuitable construction. Then the governor is in its central position, the pinion K will not be engaged hy either of the gears 7e" and k2.

If the speed should fall below that desired, the sleeve will be moved in such a direction as to lnove the cylinder I3 inward and postpone the point where the by-pass ports will be engaged by the piston P, while if the speed should be above that desired the sleeve will bc moved in the opposite direction and cause the by-pass ports to be uncovered at an earlier point inthe strokeof the pump-piston P, thus decreasing the amount of the gaseous mixture which is forced into the power explosionchamber.

An auxiliary head M is mounted to slide upon the rod P of the pump-piston. This head is provided with suitable packi iig-heads, by which a tight joint is maintained between the same and the piston-rod and also between the auxiliary head and the cylinder B'. This head is normally held toward the piston-head P by means of a spirally-coiled spring M, which surrounds the piston-rod I" and which is supported at its outer end by a collarp,

secured to said piston-rod.

In the operation of the pump when the piston-head P uncovers the outer ends of the by-pass ports b2 the gaseous mixture which has been compressed in front of the piston is allowed to escape to the outer side thereof, thus acting upon the auxiliary head M and causing the saine to stop in its advance. The uncovering of the by-pass ports by the piston P permits the valve R', which controls the admission of the gaseous mixture to the power-cylinder, to close, so that no more of the gaseous mixture will be forced into said power cylinder. The pressure within the power cylinder is thus controlled by the amount of the gaseous mixture which is introduced at each stroke. The surplus gas which is contained within the pump-cylinder is allowed to escape to the rear side of its piston and is held against discharge into the outer air by means of the sliding auxiliary head M. Vlien the pump-piston P returns, the gas which is contained between said piston and the auxiliary head M passes back to the opposite side of the piston P, and the auxiliary head M does not start in its return motion until the piston P has completely covered the by-pass ports b?.

The passage B3, through which the gaseous mixture is conducted to the explosion-chamber or the power-cylinder, does not connect directly with the power-cylinder, but with one end of the explosion-chamber R, as is clearly shown in Fig. 3. This explosionchamber consists of a long and relativelysmall passage, which at one end connects with the passage B3, leading to the pump-cylinder, and at its other end connects with the power-cylinder. The exploding device is located in this explosion-chamber farthest removed from the power-cylinder, as is shown in Fig. 3. Any form of explosion device desired may bc used for this purpose. I have herein shown an electric igniter or exploding` device which consists of an insulated pin S', which is connected with one side of the battery, and an arm S, which is mounted upon a shaft S2, which extends through one wall of the explosion-chamber and at its outer end is provided with an arm S, adapted to be engaged by an arm S", carried by the outer end of the rod P, which is connected with the power-piston and which operates the pumppiston.

.The action of the attenuated explosionchamber R is to prolong the period of explosion, as the ignition of the gases has to travel from one end of the explosion-chamber to the other, which will consume soinelittle time, due to its length and the small cross-section. As a result of this the pressure developed at the beginning of the stroke of the power-piston is less than where the ignition of the gaseous mixture is complete and immediate, the terminal pressure also being raised from the same cause. The explosion-chamber R is preferably castMw-ithin the walls of the cylinderoA,as`shown in Fig. 2, The pump-cylindei1 B is also preferably formed in the same manner asa part of the main casting or that which contains the main cylinder A.

The portion I) of the power-piston is provided with exhaust ports G, which pass through the body thereof and which are arranged in a circle surrounding its center. These ports G are adapted to be closed by a valve E', which is placed upon one end of a stem E, said stem extending within a hole formed within the center of the piston D and the stem D2, which connects said piston with the other section D thereof. Beneath the inner end of the stem E is placed a spirallycoiled spring c, the normal tendency of which is to keep the valve E raised from the ports G. The valve E and the stem E have a central bore or hole which contains a pin F and a spring It, which acts upon said pin to project it where it will be engaged by the end of the cylinder when the piston nears the upper end of its travel. When this pin strikes the cylinder-head, it will compress IIO the spring F', and thus exert a pressure upon the stem of the valve E', whichwill tend to seat it and cause it to close the ports G. This will result in seating the valve E just prior to the termination of the return stroke of the piston D. The ports G will thus be closed at the time when the charge within the explosion-chamber is ignited and pressure is applied to the piston D. This pressure acting upon the valve E will be sufiicient to keep it seated and the ports G thus closed.

The exhaust-ports for the cylinder A are located in the cylinder at such a point that they will be uncovered by the piston D at the termination of the power-stroke thereof. The pressure within the cylinder will thus be discharged through the exhaust-pipe Q. As a consequence of the reduction of pressure withinrthe cylinder the spring e will be enabled to lift the valve E/ from its seat, thus opening the ports G and permitting the spent product-s, which are still trapped within the cylinder after it has moved on its return stroke an amount sufficient to cover the ports Q, to escape through the ports G and Q, said ports Q being open until they are closed by the outer section D of the piston. Vhen these ports are thus covered, the ports G have been closed by the action of the pin F striking against the outer end of the cylinder A.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A pumpvfor delivering the gaseous mixture to gas-engines, comprising a cylinder having by-pass ports controlled by its piston, a piston reciprocating therein, and means for confining to the cylinder the gas escaping through said ports, as set forth.

2. A pump for delivering the gaseous mixture to gas-engines, comprising a cylinder ,having by-pass ports controlled by its piston, a piston reciprocating therein, means for moving the cylinder relative to the pistonstroke, and means for confining to the cylinder behind said piston the gas escaping through said by-pass ports, as set forth.

3. A gas-engine, comprising a power cylinder and piston, means for exploding the gaseous mixture, a pump cylinder and piston for injecting the gaseous mixture, the pumpcylinder having ports therein forming a bypass adapted to communicate with opposite sides of its piston, and means for shifting the location of the cylinder relative to the stroke of the piston to vary the time of opening of lthe by-pass, substantially as described.

4. A gas-engine, comprising a power cylinder and piston, and means for exploding a gaseous mixture, in combination with a pump for the introduction of the gaseous mixture, said pump comprising a fixed cylinder, a pump-cylinder slidable therein, the pumpcylinder having ports or by-passestherein adapted to communicate with opposite sides of the pump-piston, a pump-piston within the slidable cylinder, and means for sliding the ing the cylinder movement relative to the pis-l ton-stroke whereby the time of opening ofthe by-pass is varied, substantially as described.

7. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, a pump-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other,

the inner cylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect with opposite sides of the pump-piston and the outercylinderbeing connected with the power-cylinder, and means for reciprocating the inner cylinder to vary the time of opening of the by-pass, substantially as described.

8. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, a pump-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other, the inner cylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect with opposite sides of the pump-piston and the outer cylinder being connected with the power-cylinder, a rack secured to the inner cylinder, a governor, and a gear connection from the governor to the rack to shift the inner cylinder, substantially as described.

9. A gas-engine, comprising a power-cylinder, two connected pistons therein forming an exhaust-chamber between them, the cylinder having exhaust-ports uncovered by the inner or power piston when in its outermost position, said power-piston having exhaustports extending through it, a valve plate carried by the power-piston and adapted to be held closed by pressure in the cylinder, a spring acting to hold said valve open, a stop engaging said plate to close the exhaust-ports just before ignition, and means for introducing and ignit'ing charges of gaswithin the engine, substantially as described.

l0. An explosion-engine having a coolingjacket about its cylinder, an air-pump delivering air to the said jacket, and a piston for said pump tixedly connected with the enginepiston, substantially as described.

ll. An explosion engine comprising a power-cylinder,a piston, means for exploding the gas mixture, a pump cylinder and piston for delivering the gaseous mixture to the engine, said pump-cylinder comprising two nested cylinders, the inner cylinder being movable lengthwise within the outer cylinder and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by the pump-piston at the latter end of its compressing stroke, an auxiliary ICO IIO

IIS

head or piston sliding upon the pump-piston rod, and a spring acting upon the same to hold it toward the pump-piston, substantially as described.

2. A gas-compressing pump for explosionengines, comprising two concentric cylinders, the innercylinder being movable lengthwise within the outer one and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by said piston, a piston fitting the inner cylinder, an auxiliary head or piston sliding upon the piston-rod, and a spring acting upon the auxiliary head or piston to hold it toward the pump-piston, substantially as described.

13. A gas-compressing pump for explosionengines, comprising two concentric cylinders, the inner cylinder being moved lengthwise within the outer one, and having by-pass ports adapted to be uncovered by its piston, automatic means for moving said inner cylinder, comprising a governor as an actuating member, a piston fitting within the cylinder, an auxiliary head or piston sliding upon the piston-rod, and a spring acting upon the auxiliary head or piston to hold it toward the pumppiston, substantially as described.

14. A pump for delivering the gaseous mixture to gas-engines, comprising a cylinder having by-pass ports, controlled by its piston, a piston reciprocating therein, means for moving the pump-cylinder relative to the pistonstroke, whereby the time of opening of the by-pass is determined, and a spring-held auxiliary piston slidable upon the pump-piston rod and serving to prevent the escape of the surplus gaseous mixture, substantially as dcscribed.

l5. A gas-engine comprising a power-cylinder and piston therein, a pu mp-cylinder comprising two cylinders one within the other, the inner cylinder having ports or by-passes adapted to connect with opposite sides of the pump-piston, and the outer cylinder being connected With the power-cylinder, a springheld auxiliary piston slidable on the pumppiston rod and serving to prevent the escape of the surplus gaseous mixture, a rack secured to the inner cylinder, a governor, and a gear connection from the governor to the rack for shifting the inner cylinder, substantially as described.

FREDERICK WILLIAM 'l0ED'l.

lVitnesses:

FRANK GILLMAN, G. A. DANFORTH.

Images