US659410A - Chart-drawing instrument. - Google Patents

Description

No. 059,410.l Patamd '001. 9, |900.

|:. N. Movin.

CHART DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

(Applicion Bled Nov. 8, 1899, Renewed Aug. 29, 1900.)

and

UNITED v STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE.

-ELI NASH MOYER, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

CHART-DRAWING INSTRU M ENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters :Patent No. 659,410, dated October 9, 1900. Application filed November 3, 1899. Renewed Augnst 1900. Serial N o. 28,473. (Ilfo model.)

To all whom t mag/concern.:

Beit known that I; ELI NASH MOYER, of the city of Toronto, in the county of York and Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chart-Drawing Instruments; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My inventionhas for its object to provide an instrument by the use of which the history of a country or biography of an individual, institution, or other subject can be,`

depicted, my object also being to produce an instrument of such great simplicity and completeness that any object to be studied can be depicted bya teacher to a class whether, the teacher is endowed with the talents for or knowledge of drawing or not.

The invention may be said briefly to cousist of an arm adapted to be pivotally connected at one end to a base, preferably a blackboard or slate, over which it can be swung, the arm having a series of scales marked on separate pieces of cardboard carried in a recess in said arm, while a marker is carried by a block slidable along the arm.

For full comprehension, however, of my in-Y vention reference must-be had to-the accompanying drawings,- forming a part of this specification, in which like symbols indicate the same parts, and wherein- Figure lis a plan view of my improved drawing instrument constructed to beused in conjunction with a blackboard. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the separate pieces with a time-scale marked thereon. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of my' improved instrument constructed as shown in Fig. l; and Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the arm taken on line 06, Fig. l.

b is the arm, which is preferably of Wood and has a metallic plate c secu red to one end thereof and provided with a perforation d,

through which it is pivotally connected by a rivet to a second metallic plate 7, which in turn is rigidly connected by a thumb-screw to the frame 4 of a blackboard or slate 3. The outer face of the arm is recessed and a series of interchangeable strips 6, of cardboard, each vhaving a different time-scale printed thereon, are carried in said recess.

piece of tape) is connected at one end, as at 12, to the bottom ofthe recess,A near one sidel edge thereof, and extended beneath theiscalestrip and over the opposite side edge of the arm. By drawing on thistape the strips will be lifted and bent up sufliciently above the face of the arm to allow of their being taken hold of and removed.

The sliding block m is made of india-rubber and has a transverse dovetailed recess n in its under side to receive the arm, the dovetail forrn enabling it to grip the side edges of the arm, the block being of suiicient length to allow of its carrying a piece of chalk O or apencil in a perforation p, extending in a diagonal line from the top side thereof to a point outside of the beam, but in close proximity thereto.

In using my improved instrument to chronologically depict the history of a country, biography of an individual, institution, or other subject I find the best results are at- -tained by constituting each oset divisional part of the scales a century when the history of a country is to be depicted and when a scale such as shown in Fig. 2 is used, or, say, a decade when a biography is to be depicted and when a scale such as shown in Fig. l isused.

To exemplify the use of my invention in instructing a student in history, I will describe the method of setting forth a portion of the history of Canada in outline. The arm with the interchangeable scales is first pivotally connected to the blackboard 3 by screwing the thumb-screw s through the plate 7 into the frame 4. (See Figs. l and Let the'area to be studied extend from the beginning of the fifteenth century to the present'dayfand the teacher therefore will select the scalestrip 6, bearing the scale, as shown in Fig. 2, divided and subdivided and with its divisions and subdivisions permanently numbered to represent the era to be studied and place it on top of the others in the recess in the arm,

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As the portions of this time-scale from the inner end or beginning of each to the first offset is subdivided into one hundred parts, it will serve well to represent a century, and as the portions between the offsets are correpondingly subdivided each offset can represent the completion of a century. 'lo depict the event'. of Jacques Cartiers voyages of discovery, which took place in the years 1534 and 1535, the teacher will swingthe arm l) over toward one side of the blackboard and move the blocks n1. along the scale until the pencil is upon the thirty-fourth line from l 500 on the scale-strip, Fig. 2. which will then be carried in the arm, as before mentioned. He then swings the arm and draws an arc, upon which he writes 1534-5 voyages of Jacques Cartier." 'lo depict the historical fact that from 15254 until the commencement of the French Colonial warin 1754 the French sphere extended over only a portion of the territory that nowconstit nies the Dominion of Canada and that the remaining portions were either governed bythe British or unexplored and at the same time to depict the extent of these different portions of territory, the teacher divides by radial lilies the area of the blackboard into portions corresponding proportionately to that. administered by the two powers and unexplored, and the various epochs of historical import-ance are marked off by arcssuch, for instance, as Kirk held possession of colonies for England from 1629 to 1632. This affected only the areas representing what is at the present day the Provinces of Ontario,

Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. Consequently the teacher will extend the arcs across these portions only. To indicate the British North America act of 1867, which confederated all the provinces except Prince Edward Island, an arc. is drawn completely across the chart excepting the portion indicating Prince Edward Island and an arc is drawn across the portion of the chart representing Prince Edward Island to indicate the epoch 1873 at which theisland provincejoiued the Dominion. Arcs are then drawn to indicate the dates of the wars that affect in any way the history of Canada, an arc being drawn to represent the beginning and the end, respectively, of each war and extending over the portion of the chart representing t-he territory affected. Of course as the arcs are drawn the teacher will note thereon or in the space between them the event or era indicated.

It is obvious that in this way a teacher can easily depict and in depicting impart to a student or class the knowledge of the history of any period or era. It is also obvious that if the biography of an individual, including a sketch of the parents, were to be depicted a scale-strip such as illustrated in the timeruler in Fig. 4 would be used.

Although I have illustrated my invention as applied to the study of the history of a country, it is evident that the life of an individual can be set forth as clearly and with equal ease.

The block m, being made of india-rubber, while affording an exceeding simple and effective means for adjustably connecting the marker to the beam serves also as an eraser.

I have discovered that the best results are att ai netl if the instrument herein described is used by the teacher in conjunction with the instrument. illustrated in my pending application, filed March 25, 1899, under Serial No. 710,483, and the Goodwin chart set forth and claimed in an application iiled August 21, 1899, under Serial No. 728,023, the latter instrument and chart being used by the student.

\Vhat I claim is as follows:

1. In combination with an arm for drawing instruments of the type described, a number ot' detachable strips carried by said arm and extending longitudinally thereof, each strip having a different scale marked thereon, and rigid stops u pon the arm and extending across the end and side edges of said strips for retaining said strips against longitudinal and lateral displacement upon said arm.

2. An arm for the purpose set forth, having a longitudinal recess in the exposed face thereof and a series of strips bearing time-scales, carried in said recess, said strips being interchangeable with one another, and rigid stops upon the arm and extending across the end edges of said strips for retaining said strips against longitudinal displacement.

3. In combination with a blackboard, a drawing instrument, of the class described, comprising an arm; a number of detachable strips carried by said arm and extending longitudinally thereof, each strip having a different scale marked thereon, rigid stops upon said arm and extending across the end and side edges of said strips for retaining said strips against longitudinal and lateral displacement; a marker carried by said arm and adjustable longitudinally thereof, and means for pivotally connecting said arm at one end to said blackboard, substantiallyas described and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with a base of an arm having a pivot-point at one end in line with one side edge thereof, a series of strips carried by the exposed face of said arm, said strips being interchangeable with one another; each strip bearing` a scale consisting of a series of equal divisions radiating from said pivot-point and extending one beyond the other and offset from one another, and a series of equal divisions concentric of said pivot and subdividing said radial divisions, the divisions and subdivisions of the scale upon each strip differing from the divisions and subdivisions of the scales upon the other strips; a marker carried by said arm and movable longitudinally thereof; and means for pivotally connecting said arm, at said pivotpoint, to said base, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

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5. In combination with ablackboard Shavla notch n and a diagonal hole, p, foraichalk- Io ing a fmme 4; nu arm having'l in longiludinal marker o, substantially as described and for recessin the exposed face thereof lind a sethe purpose setforth. v ries of strips, b, bearing time-scales,` carried In testimony whereof I have affixed mysig- 5 in said recess, said strips being interchangenature in presence of two witnesses.

able with one another; aJ hinge-plate 7 pivot- ELI NASH MOYER. ally con necoed to one end of said ar1n;a thu inb- Witnesses: f A screw 5, for connecting said hinge-plate to HARRY RoLLisoN AMADEUS Mmm, the frame 4; and a slidable block m having MATHEW LEE THOMAS OBRIEN.

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