US632814A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 632,8I4. Patented Sept. I2, |899.

J. D. HAY B. M. BULLUCK..

GAS ENGINE.

(Application med Apr. 21, 1899.)V (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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Patented Sept. l2, 1899.

J. D. HAY &. B. M. BULLOCK. GAS ENGINE.

(Application led Apr. 21, 1599.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

No. 632,814. Patented septglz, |899.

J. n. HAY & B. M. BuLLocK.

GAS ENGINE.

Application led Apr. 21, 1899.)

LND Ode-l.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

@Houle/LJ NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. HAY AND BERTON M. BULLOOK, OF PLYMOUTH, INDIANA.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 632,814, dated September 12, 1899.

Application nea April 21, 1899. sean No. 713,873. (No man.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.:

Be it known that we, JOHN D. HAY and vented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the figures of reference'marked thereon.

The present invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in gasengines, and particularly to that class of engines in which an explosion takes place once in each revolution of the crank-shaft and in which the explosive charge is made from air mixed with gas or air mixed with gasolene or other hydrocarbon oil, the charge being prepared in the casing which incloses the crankshaft.

The object of the invention is to improve the above-mentioued class of gas-engines in the several details of construction, whereby lightness and colnpactness are secured and the same rendered accessible in all its parts, economical in its operation, and comparatively inexpensive, which object is attained by the construction substantially as shown in the drawings and hereinafter described and claimed.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical section taken through the axis of the cylinder and the crank-shaft; Fig. 2, a vertical section through the axis of the cylinder, taken at right angles to the crank-shaft; Fig. 3, a plan view of the upper end of the cylinder; Fig. at, a plan view of the enginea portion thereof being shown in section; Fig. 5, a plan view of the upper surface of the piston, and Fig. G a det-ail view showing the commutator on the crank-shaft and the brush for operating the electric igniter.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 represents the cylinder-body, which is swelled, preferably, to a semicircular form at 2 and is provided with a Vflange 3 to join it to a seinicircular base 5 at flange 4, said flanges 3 and 4 being united with bolts 6. The two semicircular parts form a crank-casing and are hushed with antifrictiou metal or brasses 7 for the crank-shaft 3, the crank-pin 9 having vjournaled thereto the piston-rod 10, and the upper end of said piston-rod is journaled in brasses or metalline bearings 1l about the wrist-piu 12. The Wrist-pin l2 is secured in lugs 13 of piston 14 by means of set-screws 15, said piston being provided with packing-rings above and below the wrist-pin, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The cylinder is provided with a auge 16, having a recess 17, in which fits the cylinder-casing 18, the same being tightly calked into said recess by means of a lead ring 19. The upper end of the cylinder is provided with a ange 20, around 'which the casing 18 snugly tits and against which it is clamped by the ange 2l on the lower surface of the cylinder-head 22. Between the cylinder-head 22 and the cylinder-liange 20 there is a suitable packing or gasket 23, and the head and iiange are se .cured together by bolts 24, the cylinder-head being further provided with a threaded opening stopped by a screw-plug 25, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described. The cylinder isprovided with an exhaust-port 26, which is uncovered by the piston as it approaches the lower dead-center, and an inlet-port 27, opposite to the exhaustport, which is also uncovered by the piston when at the lower dead-center. The exhaust-port 26 is of greater width than the inlet-port 27, so that it will be opened by the piston slightly in advance of the port 27. The piston 14 is provided with a deflector 28 for the purpose of deflecting the entering charge upwardly to sweep out the exhaust-gases and to prevent it from mixing therewith and passing out at the exhaust-port, which port enters a passage 29, cored out in the cylinder, and provides an escape to the atmosphere through au exhaust-pipe 30. The port 27 leads into a passage 31, which is also cored out in the cylinderwall and which opens at 32 into the crank-casing, the lower end of the passage 3l having a pocket 33, into which a draincock 34E is fitted, the purpose of which will appear hereinafter. The crankcasing is provided with another port 35, which leads to the atmosphere through'an inwardly-opening check-valve 36. inder-wall is caused to project to form aledge 37, which is directly opposite the inlet-port IOO In passage 31 the cyl* 27. A gasolene-pipe 38 supplies the explosive fluid to a sight-feed 39, which connects just above the ledge 37 with the passage 3l at 40, the flow of oil to the sight-feed being regu-` lated by mean's of a needle-valve 4l, and inwardly-opening check-valve being provided, as indicated at 41'. A pipe 42 extends downwardly to just above the ledge 37 and conveys lubricating-oil from an oil-cup 43, the

passage in said pipe extending above the oil in the oil-cup, as indicated at 44, so as to permit the air-pressure in port 3l to enter above the oil, the oil being thus forced downward through sight-feed 45 to the ledge 37 and passes with the charge into the cylinder to lubricate the piston. The space between the casing 18 and the cylinder l constitutes a water-jacket into which water enters through a pipe 46 and flows about the cylinder, and becoming hot then escapes through a pipe 47 which extends upwardlyin the jacket to near the cylinder-head and then passes outthrough the pipe 48.

To provide for the ignition of the charge in the cylinder, the piston is provided with an electrode at the top of the deflector 28, said electrode consisting of a plate 49 with slots 50, through which set-screws 51 pass to adj u stably secure the electrode to the deflector. The electrode is an electric circuit through the metal of the piston, cylinder, shaft, and

a comlnututor 52 on said shaft with brush 53, wire 54 with battery 55, or other source of electric current. The commutator is so placed on the shaft as to break circuit just after first spark is formed, said commutator consisting of a metal segment 52, set into a ring 56, of an insulating material, secured to the shaft. The electrode 49 makes contact with another electrode 57, located within the cylinder and preferably secured in the cylinder-head, as shown Ain Fig. l of the drawings.

The electrode 57 consists of a flexible spring plate which is secured in a holder 58 by means of an adjusting-screw 59. The holder 58 extends through the cylinder-head, as shown in Fig. l of the drawings, and isprovided with a packing, as indicated at 60, which insulates it from the cylinder-head and cylinder, and is further provided with washers 6l and a binding-screw 62, which connect by wire 63 with a spark-coil 64, said coil connecting with battery 55 by wire 65, thus completing the circuit.

To provide for the governing of the air-inlet to the crank-casing, the check-valve 36 is Y provided with a stem 66, which has a notch 67.

On the crank-shaft 8 is keyed a ily-wheel 68, on the hub of which is a sliding sleeve 70, and upon this sleeve are two bell-crank levers 7l, connected thereto and pivoted to the web of the fly-wheel. The outer ends of the bellcrank levers are provided with centrifugal weights 73, which are drawn inwardly toward the shaft by means of springs 74. The sleeve is in contact with a lever 75, which is curved as shown, and which is pivotedat 76, t-he outer end of said lever, as indicated'at 7,7, being sharp to Iit into not-ch 67 of'valvestem 66 at certain times, anda spring 78 holds the lever rmly against the sleeve.

Having now clearly described thevvarious parts of the enginerand theirconstruction, the operation thereof is as follows: The needlevalve 4l being open the gasolene will flow to the ledge 37,' and the ily-wheel being turned by hand the piston will rise and draw in air past check-valve 36. On the downstroke of the piston the check-valve closes and the imprisoned air is compressed and passes up the passage 3l, and as the piston overruns the inlet-port 27 the air, which has absorbed the,

gasolene, rushes into the cylinder, carrying with it in an atomized form the gasolene and lubricating-oil from ledge 37 and is deflected upward by the deflector 28, and sweeps out the products of combustion through exhaustport 26, which opens slightly in advance of c inlet-port 27. After the new charge has entered the cylinder and the piston in continuing its upward stroke has closed both ports 26 and 27 the charge is compressed until the pisf 4 opened and the burned gases escape from the cylinder, the inlet-port being next opened and the operation repeated. Should the engine speed rise above the desired normal, the centrifugal weights 73 will ily out against the resistance of springs 74 and the sleeve 70 will move along the hub of the fly-wheel and move lever 75, so that its point 77 will enter the notch 67 of valve-stem 66, thereby holding the valve 36 closed. While the engine is thus above its normal speed no more air can enter the crank-casing and no new charges will be formed, and consequently no explosions will take place until the speed again drops to normal. Any gasolene or lubricating-oil which may not be vaporized or carried into the cylinder will drop down into pocket 33, whence it may be removed at times through the cock 34. c n

The operation of the electrodes Vmay be observed by removing the screw-cap 25, andV they may be properly adjusted either by setscrews 5l or 59.

The crank-casing is partially filled with oil for the lubrication of thecrank-pin, the pas-` sage 32 communicating with the crank-casing to admit the lubricating-'oil freed from sediment flowing into the crank-chamber for this purpose.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,.is-

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l. In a gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, piston, inlet and exhaust ports in said cylinder so located as to be opened by the piston when near the extremity of its outstroke, a closed crank-casing, an air-inlet check-valve in said casing, a passage leading from the casing to the cylinder inlet-port, a ledge in said passage, a fuel-supply opening upon said ledge, with a lubricating-oil supply also opening upon said ledge, whereby the lubricating-oilis forced into the cylinder with the charge, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, an inlet in said cylinder located so as to be uncovered by the engine-piston when near the extremity of its ontstroke, a closed crank-casing, an inlet check-valve in said casing, a passage leading from the casing to the cylinder inlet-port, a ledge in said passage, a fuel-supply opening in said passage or on said ledge, with a duct opening upon said ledge which leads to a lubricator-cup above the level of the oil therein, whereby the pressure in the passage is communicated above the oil-space in the oil-cup and the oil is forced into the cylinder with the charge, substantially as and for the purpose specilied.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust ports which are opened by the engine-piston when near the extremity of its outstroke, a casing inclosing the lower part of the piston andthe engine-shaft, an air-inlet check-valve in said casing, a passage leading from the casing to the cylinder inlet-port, with a speed-governor for holding the check-valve closed when the cngines speed is above the normal, substantially as and for the purpose described.

el. In a gas-engine, Jthe combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a casing connected with the cylinder which incloses the cylinder below the piston, an air-inlet check-valve therein, an inlet-port in said cylinder, a passage leading from the casing to the inlet-port, a speed-governor operated by the engine and mechanism operated by said governor for hold ing the check-valve closed when the speed of the engine is above the normal, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank-shaft operated by the piston, a casing inclosing the piston and crank-shaft, an air-inlet check-valve opening into said casing, a speed-governor operated by the engine with means operated by said governor for keeping said check-valve closed when the speed of the engine is above normal, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

G. In agas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank-shaft operated by said piston, a casing inclosing the piston and the crank-shaft, a passage leading from said casing to an inlet-port in said cylinder a check-valve in said Casin g opening inwardly, a governor operated by said crank-shaft, a stem on the check valve provided With a notch, with means connected With the governor for entering said notch to hold the valve in a closed position when the speed of the engine is above the normal, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. In agas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank-shaft operated by said piston, a casing inclosing the piston and crank-shaft, a passage leading from said casing to an inlet-port in said cylinder a check-valve opening into the casing, a flywheel on the shaft, a pair of spring-actuated weighted levers, pivoted to the fly-Wheel, a sliding sleeve on the shaft operated by thc levers under the iniiuence of centrifugal force, a lever having one end pressed against the side of said sleeve by a spring and the oppo.- site end so located as to enter a notch in the stem of said valve to hold the valve closed when the engine speed is above the normal, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In agas-engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank-shaft operated by said piston, a casing inclosing the crankshaft and piston, an inlet-valve in said casing, an inlet-port in said cylinder, a passage leading from Ythe casing to the inlet-port, a fuel-supply located in said passage, with a pocket at the lower part of the passage for the collection of fuel and a lubricator and passage leading into the crank-casing, whereby the lubricating-oil freed from sediment can flow into said casing to lubricate the crankpin, substantially as and for the purpose specilied.

In testimony that We claim the above we have hereunto subscribed our names in the presence of two witnesses.

JOI-IN D. HAY. BERTON M. BULLOCK.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL PARKER, K. F. BROOKE.

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