US637935A - Block for building moles, dams, piers, & c. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 28, I899.

N. R. JECKEL.

BLOCK FOR BUILDING HOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 8w.

(Application filed. Apr. 4, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Shut I.

(No Model.)

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( Application filed Apr. 4, 1899.

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No. 637,935. Patented Nov. 28, I899.

N. n. JECKEL. v BLOCK FOR BUILDING HOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 8w.

. Application filed Apr. 4, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets$heet 3.

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TATES PATENT BLOCK FOR BUILDING MOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 84.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 637,935, dated November 28, 1899.

Application filed April 4, 1899- Serial No. 711,722. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NIOOLAJ RUDOLF JEOKEL, a citizen of Denmark, residing at Skagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Blocks for Building Moles, Dams, Piers, and the Like; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention residesin the special features of construction of the block,as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the beton or concrete block; Fig. 2, a plan view of same; Fig. 3, a plan view of a portion of a dam or mole; Fig. 4-, a view of the method employed in the construction of a bridge pier or foundation; and Fig. 5, a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of such a bridge pier or foundation itself.

The beton or concrete blocks A provided for the construction are provided 011 each of their sides with four double hooks a, which lie in series, two and two, in verticalgrooves or recesses b, Figs. 1 and 2, in the sides of the concrete block. The double hooks are preferably formed by the ends of iron bars 0, which are cast in the mass of concrete-that is to say, embedded therein. The block of concrete may of course be provided at both ends with double hooks a, which, according to circumstances, may also lie in recesses 12, Fig. 5, like those first mentioned, or may project from the ends of the blocks. (See Figs. 1 to The blocks have holes d passing through them vertically, and the sides may have vertical semicircular channels 6. Finally, the corners of the Vertical blocks may be cut out so as to form quadrant shaped grooves f. When moles, dams, or the like are to be constructed, the separate beton blocks thus formed are arranged side by side and one above the other and are formed into a connected whole by double T-irons, (girders,) which are placed vertically between the blocks. The beton blocks are conveyed by means of a crane over the upper ends of the girders B, (see Fig. 3,)

so that their hooks or engage over the flanges of the girders and the blocks slide slowly down them. The blocks A are let down slowly one after the other and will of course stand exactly one above the other, so that their holes cl will coincide with one another, as is also the case with .the grooves e and fin the blocks, which are placed side by side and will thus also form vertical tubular passages between the separate rows of blocks, which passages, as well as the passages formed by the holes (I, will extend from the upper surface of the structure or builtup mass down to the bed of the sea. Before the blocks are lowered containers with suitable cement are arranged between them; These containers are squashed as soon as the weight of one block bears upon another, and the cement runs out and binds each two blocks together. Along the outer edge of the upper surface of the blocks a thin strip of wood may be provided,which prevents the cement running out and being washed away by the sea. Through the vertical passages formed by the holes d iron tubes of smaller diameter are passed, which are provided with a borer at their lowest end. If then water he forced down through these iron tubes, the sand will rise through the hole 01 around the iron tube in a similar manner to what it does in Artesian bore-holes or wells. The blocks A Will gradually sink with the pumping up of the sand, so that finally it is possible to place them on solid ground. \Vhen the blocks have been sunk to the desired depth, the construction is gradually continued. If the girders B are too short, they are lengthened by pieces of suitable length being attached thereto. The pieces are connected with the girders by means of connecting-pieces, bolts, nuts, or the like. As soon as a long piece of a dam or a mole is finished the vertical grooves between the separate blocks A are tightly closed. This tight closing may take place in the following way: Double T-shaped irons or girders O are inserted in the hooksa, (see left-hand side of Fig. 3,) which are arranged on the ends of the blocks A which project from the side of the mole, and a frame D is inserted in the free flanges of the said girders C. This frame carries planks connected with the frame by means of jointpieces, the inner side of which planks are I covered with a stuffed pad or cushion h, which is pressed by means of a lever arrangement acting against the planks or the like against the openings (channels, cracks, or the like) between two adjacent blocks, and thus closes such openings. As soon as this has been done all the openings are filled with cement,

.which is poured down through pipes, which pipes are gradually drawn up, so that the filling material rises beneath them. In this manner the blocks are combined to a coherent whole or mass.

In order to construct bridge foundations or piers, an iron framework E (see Figs. 4 and 5) is first vertically erected over the spot where the center of the pier is to be. The framework projects to a suitable extent above the water-level and is-held in a vertical position by means of suitable anchorings. On each side of the frame girders B, of double T-i-rons, are screwed, along which the blocks A are allowed to descend. These supports commence a little way above the level of the water and extend somewhat into the bed or ground. The concrete or beton blocks are conveyed over the beams or supports by means of cranes, which may be arranged on each of the four corners of the framework or scaffold E in the manner of building cranes or derricks. When the blocks lying closest to the framework E have been placed in position, the outer blocks are laid in the manner hereinbefore described for the construction of moles, and the piers themselves are constructed in a quite similar manner to the moles. As soon as the pier is finished the framework E may be removed.

It is self-evident that the number of the hooks a may be varied, and the method of connecting the same with the beton blocks may also be varied and be arranged according to requirements. The blocks A may also have any suitable form other than exactly prismatic. They might equally well be rounded, more particularly for constructions in which round corners are prescribed-such, for instance, as round bridge piers or foundations or the like.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinve'ntion and in what .manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. A block for building moles, dams, piers and the like formed of beton or like material and having hooks projecting from its sides, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the blocks having hooks projecting from their sides and angle-iron girders engaging said hooks to hold the blocks together, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a block having grooves in its sides, hooks projecting from the block into said grooves, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the blocks having pairs .of hooks projecting therefrom and one pair over the other, and I-irons engaging the hooks to hold the blocks together, substantially as described.

5. In combination, the blocks having the grooves, the pair of hooks projecting into the grooves from the blocks, one pair being located over the other pair or pairs, and I-irons projecting into the said grooves and engaging the pairs of hooks, substantially as described.

-6. A marine structure comprising angleirons having their lower ends adapted to be sunk in the bed of the sea, and blocks having means for engaging the flanges of the angle-irons, by which the blocks will be held together, and which will permit the blocks to be slid down along the angle-irons.

7. A block having iron bars embedded therein, said bars terminating in hooks projecting from the blocks, substantially as described.

8. In combination, the block having the holes 01, the bar embedded and terminating in a projecting hook, a groove 1) in the face of the block into which the hook projects, said block having also channels at the corners, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

NICOLAJ RUDOLF JEOKEL.

Witnesses:

THEODOR I-IoLUY, OTTO WETZEL.

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