US636078A - Glass cooling or annealing oven. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 3|, I899.

F. SPDRER.

a on A'NNEALING OVEN. on filed June 80, 1897.)

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I SPORER. GLASS COOLING OR 'ANNEALING OVEN.

(Appliqation filed June 30, 1897.)

2 Sheets-Sheet MN R UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. L

FLORIAN SPORER, OF CI-IAM, GERMANY.

GLASS COOLING OR ANNEALING OVEN SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 636,078, dated October 31, 1899. Application filed June 30, 1897. Serial No 643,009. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, FLORIAN SPORER, machinist, of Oham, Bavaria, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Glass Cooling or Annealing Ovens,-of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has for its object a glass cooling or annealing oven for hollow glassware.

In the cooling or annealing ovens hitherto employed it was necessary to commence the heating about ten to twelve hours before the commencement of the work, in order that the oven should be of a suitable temperature. This necessitated a considerable consumption of fuel, especially as the fire must be maintained during the entire period of working. This drawback is removed by the device hereinafter described,- which device has also for its object to prevent breakage of the cylinders contained in the cooling-oven, which cylinders were mostly placed loosely in the same, whereby they were easily caused to roll. This prevention of breakage is effected by the glass cylinders being placed in cylindercarriers conveyed by means of a suitable device from the warm into the cold passage of the oven.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Fig ure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a cooling or annealing oven embodying my invention. Fig. 2, a horizontal section of the same on line w m in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a detail.

The cooling or annealing oven consists of a long brickwork passage A, which is divided into two compartments by means of a horizontal partition 13, arranged at about half the height of the oven, so that the latter is divided into so-called warm and cold passages. At the side of the passage A is ar ranged a furnace O, by means of which the upperthat is to say, the warm passageis heated, said furnace communicating with the upper compartment of the annealing-oven by means of a fiue. In place of this furnace O a brickwork chamber may also be formed, into which all the gases flowing from the glasshouse-such, for instance, as those from the melting-f urn aces-may be conveyed and utilized for heating the passage or employed for heating the fuel contained in the oven. At the opposite end of this upper passage is a discharge passage or pipe it, which is in communication with a chimney K. The draft setting toward and into this chimney prevents fiow of the hot air from the upper passage into the lower passage at the chimney end. On the opposite end of the passage there is a valve or damper D for shutting off the warm passage from the cold one, which valve is suspended by means of a hinge and opens and closes automatically on the passage of the carriers, being lifted by the carriers as they pass and dropping by its own weight after each carrier has passed. On the front side of the oven are two openings at and b, which may be closed by means of suitable doors a b. The upper opening a leads to the warm passage, and the glass cylinders which are to be cooled or annealed are inserted through this opening, the glass cylinders which have been finished as far as the cooling being placed in the carriers 0 intended for them, which may run on a track u by means of rollers d. The said track, as may be seen in Fig. 1, runs through both the warm and the cold passages. The supports or carriers 0 are arranged so far apart that they do not come in contact with one another and are connected with one another by means of links or connecting devices e, which are flexibly fixed on the spindles d of the rollers on the carriers. A connection of the various cylindercarriers 0 is thus established, which may be further moved by the following arrangement:

On a shaft m, mounted in the upper passage, is keyed a toothed segment 0, arranged outside the cooling-furnace, to engage a second larger toothed segment 10, which is keyed on a shaft f, mounted beneath the partition B. On the same shaft f are keyed two levers g, which are provided at their ends with small levers h, attached by means of hinges. Drawbars i connect these levers g with two corresponding levers h at the other end of the furnace. The latter levers are mounted on a shaft f and also carry small latches h on their ends, which, like the latches g, project between the rails on which the carriers run. On the shaft of the small toothed segment a crank n is fixed, which may be operated from the outside and must be operated in an oscillating manner in order that the levers g and h may be swung out of the position in Fig. 1, the said levers in such movement carrying the latches g h with them by the engagement of the shoulders I. t on the respective levers, while the links of the cylindercarriers situated in front of these small levers g and h in the cold passage are shifted or moved in the direction of the lower arrow. By this means, however, on account of the link or chain connection between the carriers in the two passages, those in the warm passage are caused to make a movement from the right to the left-that is to say, in the direction of the upper arrow. The hinged levers h and g are so arranged that when they execute a movement opposite to the direction of the arrow they cannot push back the cylinder-carriers. The antique glass cylinders are placed into a cylinder-carrier 0 through the opening a and forwarded by means of the crank m, shaftf, and levers g and h, which are oscillated, whereby the carriers are moved forward progressively, so that they all come in succession in front of the opening a and are there filled, the glass cylinders being then conveyed through the warm passage, gradually reaching the cold passage,and finally coming in front of the opening I). Here the glass cylinders, which by this time are cooled, are removed from the carriers, and thus simultaneously with the insertion of a glass cylinder in the passage a cooled glass cylinder can be withdrawn therefrom. To enable the oven to be used in this manner, it is necessary that the carriers 0 should be made in the form of cages or otherwise, so that they will hold and retain the articles to be annealed in the several positions of the chain as it passes through the upper channel and as it passes down at the end and along the lower channel. For this purpose I have here shown the carriers in the form of cylindrical cages adapted to surround the glass cylinders to be annealed and attached to lugs r or links e.

As by means of these cooling or annealing ovens it is possible to utilize for heating purposes all the gases from the glass-house, these ovens may be maintained at-a constantly-even temperature and only require to be heated at the most for from three-quarters of an hour to one hour before the commencement of working. A very considerable sum in fuel is thus saved over the cooling-ovens at present employed. By the even cooling down of the glass a considerable toughness is imparted to it, and it consequently breaks less easily.

There is thus a considerable saving elfected by the use of these cooling or annealing ovens.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A cooling or annealing oven, comprising a long brickwork channel which has a horizontal partition whereby it is divided into upper and lower passages, which communioate with each other at each end, the upper passage having an inlet for hot air or gases at one end and an outlet for same at the other end, and said upper and lower passages being each provided with an opening at the end near the hot-air or gas inlet, for the insertion and withdrawal of the articles to be annealed, and a swinging damper hinged to the top of the upper passage at a point between the hotair-inlet opening and the adjacent end of the passage, a chain passing through both of said A passages, and carriers mounted on said chain constructed and arranged to hold and retain the articles to be annealed While the chain is passing through both upper and lower passages, and also constructed and arranged to engage with and lift the swinging damper as they pass under the same, and to allow same to fall on further movement of the carriers.

2. A cooling or annealing oven consisting of a long brickwork channel, a horizontal partition dividing said channel into two zones communicating one with the other, an endless chain passing through both zones of said channel, carriers 0 mounted on said chain, a lever g with hinged member g for intermittently advancing said carriers, the said channel being provided in the upper warm zone thereof with inlet-opening Z and outlet-opening 70 for the gas as also with an opening a in the upper zone and another opening bin the lower zone arranged for the insertion and taking out of the glass respectively.

3. A cooling or annealing oven or stove for hollow glassware consisting of a long brickwork channel, a horizontal partition dividing said channel into zones, a chain with carriers mounted thereon and passing around through said zones, alever with a latch pivoted thereto and engaging with said chain, and means for vibrating said lever to intermittently advance the chain and carriers.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

FLORIAN SPORER.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV TUNKLE, EMIL KENZEL.

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