US620212A - Heater - Google Patents

Description

No. 620,'-2I2- Patented Feb. 28,1899. C. BARNHART.

HEATER.

(Applicatioxi led July 20, 1898.) (No "miem 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

Patented'Feb. 28, |899. C. BABNHAHT.

No. 620,2l2.

H E A T E R (Application :Bled July 20, 1,898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(N0 Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

coENELIUsEAENHAET, oEwALKEE vALLEY, NEw YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 620,212, dated February 28, 1899. Application fueaJuIy 20,1898. Seraing. 686,435. cromati.)

T0 all whom t Amay concern.-

Beit known that I, CoRNELIUs BARNHAET, a citizen of the United States, residing at Walker Valley, in lthevcounty of Ulster and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which thel following is a specification. .Y

My invention relates to improvements in the 'construction of heaters applicable to heatingstoves, furnaces, and analogous structures; and one object of theinvention is to provideV an improved construction by which a large area of radiating-surface is produced in a compact structure, and to effect a thorough diffusion and distribution of the heat and products of combustion to the end that the latent energy in the escaping products may be utilized in the structure, whereby to obtain econ-V omy of fuel and increased radiation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a structure in which the several elements are adapted for ready assemblage inoperative relation one to the other, thus simplifying the construction and reducing the cost of manufacture.

With these ends in View the invention consists in the novel combinationof elements and in the construction and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand the invention, I have illustrated the preferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication, and in whichj Figure 1 is a perspective view of a heatingstove embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal transverse sectional view through the lower radiator-section of the heater. Fig. i is a horizontal sectional view through the upper radiating-section.

Like numerals of reference denote like and correspond ing parts in each of the several iigures of the drawings. l n

ldesignates the Vbase, which sustains the tire-pot 2, the latter being arranged to form the ordinary ash-pit below the grate 3. Above this grate is the combustion-chamber 4, and all these parts are of the ordinary or any preferred construction.

l The base has an annular rim 6, which may be cast as an integral part of the base or be made separate therefrom for rigid union with the same, and this ring is flanged at 7 to form a recess adapted to receive the ring or annulus 5.

The lower radiator-section 8 is cast in a single `piece of metal; and it consists of a bottemplate 10, a top plate ll, a series of outer tubes 12, yanother series of inner tubes 13, and a central tube 14 of large diameter. The tubes l2 and 13 are arranged in annular series between the top and bottom plates of the radiator-section 8 and these tubes open through said plates 10 and 11, so that their lower ends are open for the ingress of the products of combustion from the chamber 5 of the heater. The annular series of tubes 13 lie wit-hin the similar series of tubes 12 and said inner tubes 13 are in staggered or alternate relation to the tubes 12, thereby exposing the inner tubes 13 inl the intervals between the outer tubes 12. j The radiator-section 8 thus has a large metallic area exposed for the radiation of heat, and as the entire area of this radiatorsection is heated by the products of combustion passing and circulating therethrough said section 8 is well adapted for the maximum vradiation of heat.' The base-plate 10 of this lower radiator-section is provided with a depending annular iiange 15, which is arranged a suitable distance within the edge thereof, so that the iiange will lit upon the upper edge of the base-ring 5, so as to rest firmly thereon. The upper plate 11 of this lower radiator-section has an integral peripheral flange 16, that forms a seat for the upper radiator-section to be presently described, and said lower radiator-section is furthermore provided at the rear side thereof with a smoke-pipe 17, that terminates in a nipple 18, the latter being provided with a damper 19 for cutting off the v draft from the heater to the smoke-pipe when desired. If deemed advisable, this cut-oft damper 19 may be placed in the smoke-exit pipe between the connection of the latter to the heater-nipple 18 and the thimble in the chimney.

The upper radiator-section 2O is cast in a single piece of metal; and it consists of abottom plate 21, a top plate 22, a single series -of tubes 23, and a large central tube 24. -The circulating tubes 23 are arranged in annular series between the top and bottom plates of this upper radiator-section, so as to open through said plates, and these tubes 23 are of larger cross-sectional area than the tubes 12 or 13 of the lower radiator-section. The bottom plate 21 of the upper radiator-section is provided with a peripheral flange 25, and with an annular flange 26, which lies within and is concentric to the flange 25, so as to form an annular recess or space 27 on the lower face of said radiator-section, whereby the radiator-section 2O may be seated snugly upon the lower radiatorsection 8. The upper plate 22 of the upper radiator-section 2O has a peripheral flange 28, which forms a seat for the cap-plate 32 of the heater, and said radiator-section 2O is furthermore provided with a smoke-exit pipe 29, which is adapted to aline or coincide with the smoke-pipe 17 of the lower radiator-section 8, the upper end of said smoke-pipe 29 opening into or communicating with the circulating-chamber formed within the cap-plate 32. The base-rim shell 5 is cast in a single piece of metal and provided with the slots or openings 31, which may be closed by mica-covered doors. The cap-plate 32 has a central fuelopening 33, adapted to be closed by a cover 34.

In assembling the parts or castings of the heater the base-ring 5 is fitted to the seat 7 of the lire-pot, and the lower radiator-section 8 is fitted upon the base-ring. The upper radiator-section 2O must be assembled in a peculiar relation to the lower radiator-section 8-that is to say, the annular series of tubes 23 must occupy vertical positions out of alinement with the two lower series of tubes 12 and 13 of the lower radiator-section 8. The large central tube 24 of the upper radiatorsection registers with the large central tube 14, and the smoke-exit pipe 29 couples with the smoke-exit pipe 17. By superposing the upper radiator-section upon the lower radiator-section for the flanges 25 26 ofthe former to receive the flange 16 of the latter the plates 11 and 21 of the lower and upper radiator-sections S 20, respectively, are caused to form a smoke-chamber 35 between the radiator- sections 8 and 20. Into this smokechamber 35 discharge the two lower series of tubes 12 land 13 of the lower radiator-section, and the products of combustion are caused to circulate in this chamber until they find their exit through the single series of tubes 23 of the upper radiator-section.

By constructing the lower radiator-section with the two series of tubes arranged one within the other and in staggered relation to each other, by employing a single series of tubes in the upper radiator-section of larger cross-sectional area than the lower series of tubes and arranging the upper series of tubes out of vertical alinement with said lower tubes, and by interposing a circulating spaceor chamber between the upper andlower tubes the heat and products of combustion are prevented from circulating directly through the heater. On the contrary,the products of combustion are diused or broken up, so as to pursue the tortuous or irregular course through the heater, thereby utilizing the latent heat in the escaping products to the best advantage. The two series of tubes of the lower radiator-section and the single series of tubes of the upper radiator-section, as well as certain parts of each radiator-section, are all exposed to view and to the circulation of air, while the products of combustion are caused to circulate through said tubes and the sections 8 20, thus securing a very large surface for the efficient radiation of heat. rlhe central tubes 14 and 24of the two radiator-sections communicate directly one with the other, and the lower tube 14 opens into the fire-pot. rlhe upper tube 24 is accessible through the central opening 33 in the cap-plate for the introduction of fuel into the heater, and the alined tubes 14 and 24 are adapted to receive the fuel, so as to constitute a magazine for supplying the fuel to the fire-pot.

It will be understood that my improved heater may be used for burning different kinds of fuel-such as wood, coal, coke, &c.-al though it is especially designed for consuming coal. The heater when embodied in the form of a stove, as represented by Fig. l, may be finished in any ornamental manner; but the principle of the invention is applicable to the construction of furnaces and analogous structures.

IOO

In kindling a lire in the heater the damper in the exit-pipe leading to the chimney should be opened to maintain a draft through the heater and permit the smoke to escape directly to the chimney. rlhe smoke and proclucts of combustion pass through the tubes 12 and 13,circulate in the chamber 35, and thence pass upwardly through the [lues or tubes 23 into the chamber of the cap-plate 32, after which the products of combustion pass downwardly through the pipes 29 17 and out through the exit-pipe. When the fire is well started, the damper should be closed, and the heat is caused to circulate through all the ues and the radiator-sections into the chamber of the cap-plate 32. The greater percentage of heat is radiated by the sections 8 20.

Although I have shown and described my radiator-sections as constructed and adapted for use in a heater embodying the elements necessary for a fuel-consuming heater,l would have it understood that the principle of the radiator-section may be used in other structures wherein steam, hot air, and other gaseous heating media may be introduced into the radiator-sections and caused to circulate through such sections for the purpose of heating air.

Changes may be made in the form of some of the parts, while their essential features are retained and the spirit of the invention IIO embodied. Hence I do not desire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts, as shown, reserving the right to vary therefrom.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim isl. In a heater, the combination with a firepot and combustion-chamber, of a lower radiator-section provided with annular series of tubes arranged in staggered relation to each other and communicating directly with the combustion-chamber, a circulating-chamber into which the flues of the lower radiator-section discharge, an upper radiator-section provided with a series of circulating-tubes arranged out of vertical alinement with the tubes of the lower radiator-section and communicating with the circulating-chamber and an outlet for the products of combustion, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, a lower radiator-section having the upper and lower plates and the annular series of tubes or lues which are connected to said plates and are arranged in staggered relation to have the inner series of tubes exposed in the intervals between the outer series of tubes, combined with an upper radiatorsection superposed upon the lower radiator-section having a lower' plate arranged to form with the upper plate of the lower section an intermediate circulatingchamber and said upper radiator-section provided with a single series of tubes which are of larger cross-sectional area than either of the tubes of the lower radiator-section and lie out of vertical alinement therewith, and an outlet for the products of combustion, substantially as described.

3. In a heater, the combination with a firepot, of a lower radiator-section provided with annular series of tubes around a magazine tube-section, an upper radiator-section superposed upon the lower radiator-section to form therewith the circulating-chamber and having a magazine tube-section surrounded by a series of circulating-tubes which are out of vertical alinement with the corresponding tubes of the lower radiator-section, a rim or shell on which the lower radiator-section is mounted, and an outlet for the products of combustion, substantially as described.

4. A heater consisting of a base having a fire-pot, a lower radiator-sectionv having the annular series of tubes joined to the top and bottom plates thereof and with the top plate Iianged peripherally to form a seat, an upper radiator-section with a single series of tubes connecting the top and bottom plates thereof and with the bottom plate flanged to fit upon the top plate of the lower radiator-section and form therewith an intermediate circulatingchamber, a rim or shell upon which is mounted the lower radiator-section, a magazine arranged centrally within the radiator-sections, and a smoke-exit pipe joined to the radiatorsections and communicating with the chamber formed by a cap-plate, substantially as described.

5. In a sectional heater, a radiator-section embracing a plurality of exposed tubes arranged in multiple series, in different vertical planes, with the tubes of one series in staggered relation to the tubes of an adjacent series, combined with another radiator-section superposed upon the rst-named radiator-section and having a series of tubes in different planes from the tubes of said lower,

section, substantially as described.

6. In a sectional heater having its sections adapted for the circulation of a gaseous heating media, a section having a multiple series of tubes arranged in series and in staggered relation, and another section superposed upon the first-named section and with its tubes in different vertical planes from the tubes of the lower section; said sections forming a circulating-chamber at their contiguous ends and all of the tubes exposed for the circulation of air, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CORNELIUS BARNHART.

Witnesses:

JOHN MANGELS', EMMETT FRANTZV.

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