US617030A - Half to william henry hartley - Google Patents

Description

No. 6|7,030. Patented 1an. 3, |899. W. A. KNEMAN.

PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Nov. 8, 1897.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

m: mums Farms co, pHoro-uma, wAsmNmoN. uV c.

No. 617,030. u Patented 1an. s, |899. w. A. KONEMAN.

PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

(Application led Nov. 8. 1897.) (N0 Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 2.

N. D. c. me Norms Pnzns cc. pHoro-mno.. wAsmNoo No. 60,030. Patented lan. 3, |899. W. A. KNEMAN.

PULVERIZING APPARATUS.

(Application led Nov. 8, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

THE Nonms Evans co., Pnom-Llwn. WASHINGTON, c4 c.

A0. 617,030. Patented 1an. 3, |899.

W. A. KNEMAN.

PuLvEmzlNG APPARATUS.

(Application led Nov, 8, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Nirnn rares a'rnr WILLIAM ADOLPH KNEMAN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- IIALF TO WILLIAM HENRY I-IARTLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

PU LVERIZING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,030, dated January 3, 1899.

Application tiled November 8, 1897. Serial No. 657,818. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concer/t:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM ADoLPH KNEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizin g Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pulverizing apparatus of the kind shown and described in Letters Patent No. 315,146, granted to me and I-Iiram II. Scoville April 7, 1885, its object being to improve the construction and efficiency of such apparatus.

One improvement according to this invention is the construction of the frame of the apparatus so that it shall be built up of sections connected together in such manner that while forming a strong and rigid frame certain of the individual sections may, when desired, be turned about hinges out of their working position into one in which great facility of access to the rolls and their bearings is afforded for purposes of inspection, renewal, or repair.

This invention comprises also means whereby the rotary grinding-table is strengthened and also means by which it is given support below those parts of its upper surface upon which the grinding-rolls press.

A further improvement comprises the application to the rotary table of guide-blades of a spiral form, together with gearing for reciprocatin g them upon the table. The guides are made spiral in order to insure that the material delivered near the center of the table shall be prevented from traveling too rapidly across its surface from the inner toward the outer circumference, so that it is first delivered between the rolls and the table at a part where the maximum clearance between the table and rolls exists-that is to say, under the small end of each roll-and is afterward permitted to move gradually from roll to roll and to the nishing parts of the rolls, where the diminishing clearance ceases. Thus it is insured that the material shall be gradually crushed in successive stages. By giving the guides reciprocating movement upon the table the operation of crushing is not confined solely to certain portions of the surface of the grinding-table and the rolls,

but occurs more or less uniformly over the whole surface of each, so that they Wear uniformly and maintain throughout their period of service the proportions of clearance which originali)T existed between them.

This invention comprises also additional improvements, which will be hereinafter referred to and which include, among other matters, a special device for lubricating the principal bearing.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a View, half in elevation and half in section, of one construction of improved pulverizing apparatus according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same apparatus, half in section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and half in elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan, half in section, of the foundation or base-frame of the apparatus, showing the lubricating apparatus hereinbefore referred to. Fig. 4 is a plan of the rotary grinding-table, one-half being in section, to show the novel arrangement of strengthening-ribs provided in the hollow interior of the same. Figs. 5 and (i are sectional plan and sectional elevation showing details of the main bearing and the lubricating apparatus for the same. Fig. 7 is a view illustrating part of the grinding-table, the spiral guideblades for the material, and the apparatus by which reciprocation is imparted to them, the guides-blades being in section.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout` the drawings.

A, Figs. l and 3, is the base of the apparatus, `which consists of a series of radial arms A', bolted to a central casting A2,'which latter contains the foot-step bearing for the main shaft B. The radial arms A are connected at their outer ends by strong horizontal connections A3. Thus the foundation of the machine constitutes a well-braced hexagonal step-containing frame. Each radial arm A supports a standard C, which is bolted to it and provided at its lower end with lugs O', entering between lugs A4, formed upon the radial arms A.

D, Fig. l, is a pin so connecting the lugs A4 and C appropriated to each standard O that each of these standards can be turned IOO about its pin and thrown outward from the f slr/,oso

inspection, repair, or renewal of the parts carried by the standards. The upper end of each standard C is provided with a bracket C2, Fig. 1,the bracket being preferably formed in one piece with the standard C. Brackets C3 are bolted to two of the standards, each to assist in carrying the driving-pulleys,which will be hereinafter again referred to.

C4 are bearings extending upward from each standard C. They carry above each standard a rotatable shaft E. Upon the inner end of each rotatable shaft E is a bevel-pinion E', and all the pinions gear with a bevel-wheel B', secured on the upper end of the main shaft B, which is encircled just below the bevel-wheel B by a bearing C5, against which the inner ends of the brackets C2 abut. To the lower part of the shaft B is secured the grinding-table F. Only a part of the weight of the table is taken by the shaft B and its foot-step bearing, for the table is supported by bearing-rollers or otherwise near its circumference, as will hereinafter be explained.

Preferably two of the shafts E are provided with driving-pulleys E2 and ily-wheels E3, the driving-pulleys being driven from any convenient source of power. The standards snpporting these particular shafts have brackets C3 bolted to them to carry the end of the shafts E on which the driving-pulleys are placed. When the driving-pulleys are rotated, the bevel-pinions fixed upon the same shafts will rotate the central bevel-wheel B, which in turn will communicate the rotation to the other pulleys E upon their respective shafts, for a purpose hereinafter explained.

Each of the standards C carries axle boxes or bearings G and H for a spindle J, and upon each of the spindles J is suitably fastened a grinding-roll K. The axle-box G and a portion J of the shaft J are arranged as a thrustbearing to prevent any endwise outward movement of the roll K or its shaft J, the axle-box being provided at its inner side with a liange G', which, bearing against the inner face of the standard C, serves to hold the box against outward movement. The box H is similarly provided at its outer side with a iiange HQ which bears against the outer face of the standard extension C8 to prevent inward movement of the box. The axle-boxes G and l-I are movable vertically in suitable guides shown as formed on the standards C and brackets C2. They are kept at the lower extremity of their movement by springs L, theinitial compression of which is adjustable.

Each roll K and its axle-boxes and their appurtenances are all borne by the standard C appropriated to it and all move with it when it is turned about its hinge, in the manner before described, and indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

To enable the grinding-rolls to be adjusted with precision to bring their surfaces to the desired distance from the surface of the table F, the axle-boxes are rendered adjustable by screw-bolts passing through cross-bars C6, fixed in the standards C, and by screwing these bolts up or down the adjustment of the rolls K as described may be effected with the desired nicety.

On the outer end of each shaft J is keyed a belt-pulley J 2, which when certain substances are being ground or pulverized is to be geared by a belt with a pulley E4 on that one of the shafts E which is situated immediately above it, there being one pulley E"L on each shaft E. The ratio of this belt-gearing is so proportioned to the ratio of the toothed gearing by which the table is rotated that when the belt-gearing is in use there will be a certain amount of slip between the pulveriZing-rolls K and the grinding-table F, producing a rubbing action against the material on the table.

Over each of the rolls K is a conical corrugated housing or splasher M. The corrugations in the example illustrated are parallel and are circular, being coaxial with the roll. The individual corrugations receive any material which may be flung ofiI from the surface of the roll and return it upon the roll very nearly at the same place, whereas if the inside of the housing were plain instead of being corrugated the material iiung olf from the roll would fly to the larger end of the housing and probably escape being further ground. The housing need not be circular or conical or even corrugated so long as it has projections or baffles on its lower surface in proximity to the rolls and approximately at right angles to the roll -axis. Each housing is preferably secured to the bracket C2 above it.

In order to enable any of the rolls to be taken out of the machine with facility and without turning back the hinged standards, one section C7, Eig. l, of each standard C is removably secured in place, so that it may be readily taken out laterally to leave an opening through which each roll-spindle J and its axle-boxes Gand H, with the roll upon it, may be taken out of the apparatus when desired. The section C7 is preferably bolted to place lin the standard, flanges being provided, as

shown, and the lower side of the section is preferably inclined. The sections are of sufficient dimensions to provide, when removed, openings of proper size and shape to permit of the withdrawal of the rolls, spindles, and axle-boxes. A section G7 being removed, the roll, spindle, and box are withdrawn laterally through the opening, the parts being turned another imaginary cone whose apex is also in the axial line of the central shaft B, but at a higher point therein.

F is a conical bearingring fixed to the under side of the table F. The latter is supported by a series of adjustable conical rollers N, borne in bearings O, fixed upon each of the radial arms A aforesaid. The conicity of the rollers N and of the surface of the ring F', against which they bear, is such that the one surface travels upon the other without slipping, as if the two surfaces were the pitchsurfaces of bevel-gearin g. One rollerN comes immediately under each grinding-roll K, so that much of the thrust caused by the operation of grinding the material between the rolls and the table and also a large share of the weight of the table itself are taken by the rolls N and not transmitted to the central shaft B. Neither is the table subjected to unduly severe bending stresses. Instead of the conical rollers N antifriction-balls received in grooves in the frame and the under side of the grinding-table may be used to support the latter, or slide-blocks running in oil or any other suitable mechanical device may be used to support the table.

To strengthen the table, which internally is hollow, a series of ribs F2 are provided at its under side. These ribs are not truly radial, but are tangential to the circumference of the shaft B or to the circular portion of the table which immediately encircles the shaft or to some circle concentric with the shaft.

The outer circumference of the table F is encircled by a stationary annular trough Q, into which the finished pulverized material is delivered by the centrifugal action of the grinding-table F after treatment under the rolls K. This trough is fixed to the standards C and has an overhanging upper lip Q to prevent splashing. For a like reason the table is provided with an overhangin g lip F3.

F4 are vanes or paddles attached to the circumference of the table and approximately fitting the lower part of the trough Q, so as to sweep before them the pulverized material which falls into the latter and cause it to pass over openings (not shown) provided in any desired part of the bottom of the trough, through which it falls into delivery-spouts or other receptacles, as may be desired. The inner circumference of the trough Q is provided with a iiange or lip Q2, the upper edge of which is received in a groove F5 formed in the under side of the table F, the adjacent part of the circumference of which is made angular, so that any material which may splash up onto it will readily drop off again into the trough.

Fixed to and encircling the central shaft B is a hopper P with a delivery-spout P. By

reason of the hopper turning with the shaft the material fed into it is delivered to the various rolls K in approximately equal proportions.

Between thc grinding-rolls K are curved guide-blades R, Figs. 2 and 7, presented edgewise to the grinding-table,to which their lower edges approach very closely. These blades in the present example are approximately equidistant from each other along the radius of the table, although they may be variously adj usted. Each blade is part of a spiral whose radius increases uniformly about the center of the table. These blades prevent the material delivered onto the center of the table from passing quickly across its surface to its circumference and cause it instead to traverse a path which, considered relatively to the ground upon which the apparatus stands, isa spiral. Thus it is rstsubjected to a crushing action between the inner ends of the rolls K and the table F at a point where the clearance between the two is the maximum and is subsequently caused to shift outward gradually into smaller and smaller clearances until crushed to the minimum size determined by the final clearance existing between the outer ends of the rolls K and the outer edge of the table F.

If the spiral guides were stationary, the table and particularly the rolls would wear in grooves, for the edges of the guide-blades would prevent the grinding action from occurring uniformly over the whole circumference of the roll and face of the table. Therefore the guide-blades are xed to aframe R', which is suspended by slings R2, pivoted to the brackets C2 at R3, in such a manner that they may be given a movement of reciprocation across and approximately parallel to the surface of the table. To impart this reciprocation, an eccentric B7 is provided upon the central shaft, and in bearings A7, Fig. 7, on the main frame is a sliding rod S, one end of which is provided with a roller S', the roller being kept in contact with the eccentric by a spring S2 in compression between one of the bearings A7 and a collar S3 on the rod. The end of the rod S opposite to that at which the roller S' is situated is keyed to the rocking lever T, pivoted to brackets Q4 on the outside of the trough Q. The other end of the rocking lever is connected by a link T to the frame R', carrying the guideblades. Thus when the main shaft B rotates the rod S is reciprocated by the eccentric B7, and each lever T is oscillated by its rod S and communicates a reciprocating movement to the guide-blades R. The pivoted slings R2 are disposed in lines which are normal to the grinding-table surface, so that the reciprocation of the guide-blades occurs in a direction approximately parallel to the top surface of the table.

The foot-step bearing of the main shaft will now be described, together with lubricating devices, which are applied thereto in such a manner that the main bearing is always flooded with oil, which is in constant circulation. The foot-step bearing is contained in the central casting A2, which is made hollow, as indicated at A5, Fig. 5. The

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hollow interior of the casting serves as an oil-chamber, which communicates by a number of small passages A6 with the circumference of the lower end of the shaft B and the interior of the bush B2, which encircles it, as shown in Figs. l and 5.

U is an oil-cistern placed just outside the framing of the machine. Its upper end communicates by a pipe U with the upper end of the oil-cavity A5 in the central casting A2, the lower end of which cavity communicates by a return-pipe U2 with the lower end of the oil-cistern. The upper end of the cistern is just above the level of the upper end of the oil-cavity A5, and the cistern is intended to be filled with oil to a higher level than that. Thus the oil-cavity will be kept always full and the lower end of the shaft B will be continually immersed in oil, which becoming slightly warmed at the bearing will circulate automatically by convection through the cavity A5, passages A6, the oil-cistern, and connecting-pipes Ul U2, becoming cooled as it passes from the bearing back to the cistern and toward the bearing again.

U3 is a bafiie-plate placed within the cistern to intercept any small particles of dust or solid matter which may be in the circulating oil and divert them to the bottom of the cistern U. The bush B2 is closed at its lower end.

B4 is a metal plate pinned to the bottom end of the shaft B, B5 being a similar plate pinned to the inner surface of the bottom of the bush B2. Between these two plates B4 and B5 are two loose plates B6, which are drilled upon their faces with numerous small holes (not shown in the drawings) to receive antifriction metal in a manner and for a purpose well understood by engineers.

B8 is a dust-guard extending downward from the eccentric B7, hereinbefore referred to, and serving, especially if a flap of wire gauze or cloth be, as it may, so secured to it as to hang down all round it, to prevent the access of dust to the upper end of the footstep bearing A2.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination of a base, a vertical shaft, a bevel-gear on said shaft, one or more standards hinged to said base, a grinding-roll mounted in said standard, a bevelpinion mounted on the standard to engage the bevel-gear, and means operatively connecting the pinion and roll, substantially as described.

2. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination of a base comprising a central member, arms extending radially therefrom and connections between said arms, a vertical shaft a rotary grinding-table mounted on the shaft, a bevel gear-wheel mounted on the upper end of the shaft, a plurality of standards each hinged to an arm of the base, a grinding-roll mounted on each standard, and a bevel-pinion mounted at the upper end of each standard to engage the bevel-gear, said pinion being operatively connected with the roll, substantially as described.

3. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination of a base, a standard thereon having an opening, a bracket on said standard, a grinding-roll mounted on ashaft j ournaled in boxes in the bracket and opening of the standard, and a removable section of the standard at one side of the opening, whereby the roll and its shaft may be taken out, substantially as described.

4c. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the grinding-table, of guide-blades R spirally disposed upon the table and mechanism for reciprocating said blades, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with the grinding-rolls and grinding-table, of guide-blades R spirally disposed upon the table between said rolls and supported to be reciprocally movable in a direction approXimately parallel with the grinding-surface of said table substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a pulverizing apparatus the combination with the grinding-rolls and rotary grinding-table on a shaft B, of guide-blades R on a suspended frame R', a rocking lever T linked at one side of its fulcrum to said frame and having connected with it at the opposite side of its fulcrum a longitudinally-reciprocable spring-controlled rod S carrying a roller S', and an eccentric B7 on said shaft engaged by said roller, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a pulverizing apparatus, the combination with a grinding-roll, of a housing supported above the roll and provided on its under side with corrugations or bafe projections substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. A pulverizing apparatus comprising, in combination a bed A, standard C hinged to and rising from said bed and carrying rotary shafts E provided with means for driving them and with beveled pinions E', a rotary shaft B rising from the center of said bed and carrying at its upper end a beveled gear B meshing with said pinions, a rotary grinding-table F on said central shaft having a conical grinding-surface and one or more conical grinding-rolls K journaled to extend over and coperate with the grinding-surface of said table.

In witness whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of thetwo subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM ADoLPn KNEMAN.

IV-itnesses l F. J. KEMP, WALTER J. SKERTEN.

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