US601808A - Machine for working hides or skins - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

A. F. JONES.

MAC'HINE'FOB. WORKING HIDES 0R- SKINS.

No. 601,808. Patented Apr. 5.1898.

(No Model.) I 3 Sneets-sheet 2.

A.l P. JONES.

' MACHINE FOR WORKING HIDES 0R SKINS.

No. 601,808. l Patented4Ap1.5,l898.

WITNESS-|55. Inh/ENTER .wmWw/m 4 www@ f www ATTY (No Model.) s sheet-'sneen 3,

A.' F. JONES. MACHINE POR WORK-ING HIDES. 0R SKINS.

No. 601,808. PatentedApr. 5, 1898.-

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mm.. wAsMlNamN D t UNITED f STATES PATENT OFFICE.`

ALBERT F. JONES, OF SALEM,.MASSAOHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE VAUGHN .MACHINE COMPANY, PORTLAND, MAINE.

MACHINE For; WORKING I-IIDEs `0R SKINS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 601,808, dated April 5, 1898.

I Application led June 4:, 1897. Serial No. 639,397. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. JONES, residing in Salem, in the county of Essex` and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Machines for Vorkin g Hides or Skins, (Case A,) of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a machine or apparatus for working hides and skins, and is especially adapted, among other uses, for acting upon light material, such as goat and sheep skins.

My present invention has for its object to improve the class of machines referred to, and more especiallj7 provide a simple, efficient, and rapid machine withwhich a maximum number of skins may be treated in a given time.

The machine is provided with an operating roll or cylinder which is automatic in its aetion, so that the use of treadles may be dispensed with and the treatment of the skin eX- pedited and injury to the skin avoided, as will be described.

The machine may and preferably will' be provided with an automatic feed for the wor as will be described.

The machine is further. provided with a novel clamping mechanism for the hide or skin, as will be described.

These and other features of thisinvention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1A is a front elevation, with parts broken away, of a machine embodying this invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. l, looking toward the right; Fig. 3, a side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. l, looking toward the left; and Figs. 4 and 5,sectional details to be referred to.

The working parts of the machine herein shown are supported by a framework consisting, essentially, of side pieces or uprights A A', joined together by one or more tie-rods A2, the said uprights being herein shown as bolted to a suitable foundation A3.

The side frames or uprights A Al support in suitable bearings a shaft a, upon which is firmly secured the support for the hides or skins of the machine herein shown, preferably segmental work-supports a. a2, provided with suitable radial arms or ends a3 d4, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) which are clamped or other- 55 wise fastened to the shaft a.' A

The segmental Work-supports ct'o are located substantially diametrically opposite each other, so as to leave spaces or openings between their edges'for the ready insertion 6o and Withdrawal of the skins a6 al. The segmental supports a a2 practically form segments or sectors of a drum and are designed in the present instance to be continuously revolved, which may be accomplished as will be described.

This invention has for oneof its objects to provide a tool or instrument for operating upon the hide or skin which is normally in its operative position with relation to the 7o work-support and which automatically ad- `j usts itself to the thickness of the hide or skin, thereby dispensing with the use of treadle mechanisms, which relieves the work of the operator and enables the output or capacity of the machine to be increased, and which is sensitively supported, so as to respond to slight differences in the thickness of the hide or skin and so as to avoid'injurious action of the said roll due to its Weight upon the said 8o hide or skin, and especially upon light skins,

as will be more specifically described. In accordance with this feature of my invention the tool or instrument, preferably a cylinder or roll a9, having on itsfperiphery a series of blades am, arranged to suit the particular work required, and which in practice frequently weighs from four to six hundred pounds, is yieldingly supported with relation to the work-support and is normally held close 9o to the said work-support, so as to engage and act on the hide or skin at its thinnest portion and which automatically yields to the thicker part of the hide or skin, but remains in operative engagement therewith as the thicker portion of the hide or skin is carried by the Work-support past the operating cylinder or roll, the hide or, skin vbeing relieved from injurious action due to the weight of the roll. This result may and preferably roo will be accomplished as herein shown and as will now be described.

The operating roll or cylinder a has its journals L12 L12 (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3) supported in suitable bearing-boxes @14 m15, pivotally and adjustably supported by screws d @11 between the arms d10 d10 of yoke-shaped levers d a21, pivoted, as at (122 C125, to offsets or arms (L24 c25 on the side frames A A. The supporting-levers d20 C121 are pivoted at their lower ends, as herein shown, and are vertically arranged, so that in the normal position of the roll a0 it is substantially on a dead-center in a vertical line with the pivots L22 d20 of the said supporting levers, and is thus sensitively supported and requires substantially little power to move it either side of its center, for a purpose as will be described.

The operatin g roll or cylinder a0 is adjustably and yieldingly held in operative position with relation to the work-support, and this may and preferably will be accomplished as herein shown and as will now be described. The levers d20 C121 have pivotally connected to their upper ends rods Z1 Z1', extended substantially through hollow bosses or cylinders Z12 Z13, secured" to or forming part of the side frames A A'.

The rods Z1 Z1' preferably extend through the cylinders or hollow bosses Z12 Z13 and are encircled within the said cylinders by spiral springs Z14 Z15, having their front ends bearing j, against the front heads of the cylinders and their rear ends bearing against collars Z10 Z17, retained on' said rods by suitable nuts bs Z10, which engage the screw-threaded ends of the said rods and which may be provided, as herein shown, with spokes or arms Z110 to facilitate turning the said nuts on the said rods.h

The springs b4 Z15 are normally compressed and tend to draw the levers d20 C021 and the operating roll or cylinder a0 toward the worksupport, and this movement may be termed the inward movement of the cylinder or roll. In order to properly position the operating-roll with relation to the drum or worksupport, so that the said roll will engage the thinnest portion of the hide or skin, the levers d20 @21 are provided, as herein shown, with set screws or bolts Z112 Z113, which are extended through suitably-threaded holes in extensions or arms 1111 Z115 of the levers d20 C121, and which set-screws are adapted to engage a fixed portion of the framework, which is represented as a partof the cylinders Z12 Z15, the said fixed portion constituting a stop to limit the iuward movement of the operating-roll. The operating-roll a0 is adapted to yield automatically as the skin varies in thickness, the thicker portions of the skin forcing the roll outward away from the support or drum and compressing the springs Z11 115, which as soon as the thick portion of the skin passes beyond or out of engagement with the operating-roll expand and move the cylinder inward, so as to retain it in contact with the thinner portions of the hide or skin. In this manner the operating-roll automaticallyadjusts itself to the thickness of the hide or skin being acted upon. The operating-roll supported as 'above described may be used to advantage with other forms of support for the hide or skin-such, for instance, as a segmental drum adapted to carry but a single skin and having a continuous or an oscillating rotation; but to increase the capacity of the machine the operating-roll is preferably employed in connection with a drum or worksupport made in two segments a a2, and in accordance with this invention each of the said segments has cooperating with ita clamping mechanism for the hide or skin, which is of novel construction and automatically operated, as will be described. The clamping mechanism cooperating with the segment a' is preferably made as herein shown and comprises a stationary jaw Z120, (see Figs. 4: and 5,) which is suitably secured to the inner side of the segment at one edge and extends substantially the length of the said segment, and the stationary jaw Z120 has cooperating with it a movable jaw Z121, pivoted off the center vof the support or segment, for a purpose as will be described, and in the present instance fastened, as by bolts 11X, to4 levers or arms Z122, having at their. lower ends pivot-pins Z120, which are supported in suitable j ournal-boxes Z121, fastened to the radial arms 0,1 of the segment a2. The clamping mechanism coperating with the drum-segment a2 is of like construction, and consists of a stationary jaw Z125 and a movable jaw Z120, fastened to levers Z127, having their pivot-pins Z12S supported in snitable bearing-boxes Z120, fastened to the radial arms a2 of the segment a.

The movable jaws Z121 Z120 are adapted to be positively disengaged from their cooperating stationary jaws Z120 Z125 by a cam-operated actuating mechanism, as will now be described. The movable jaw Z121 is connected, as herein shown, to a cam-operated lever Z100, herein shown as T-shaped, with its long arm fast on a rock-shaft Z121, extended through the drum and supported to rock in the bearingboxes Z120, the T-shaped lever Z100 having secured to one of its short arms a roll Z102 and having its other short arm joined by a preferably adjustable connecting rod or link Z100 to one of the levers Z122 carrying the movable jaw Z121. The link Z103 is pivotally connected to the lever Z122, as at Z121, and is also pivotally connected, as at Z105, to the short arm of the T-shaped lever Z120, and the said link is made adjustable, so as to vary the distance between the pivots Z121Z105, and thereby enable the movable jaw Z121 to be accurately adjusted with relation to the stationary jaw Z120. The movable jaw Z120 is positively connected in a similar manner by an adjustable link Z1217 to a T-shaped lever Z130, mounted ou a rock-shaft Z120, supported to rock in the bearing-boxes Z121, the lever 112s being provided with a roller Z110. The rollers Z122 Z110 are adapted to travel about the periphery of a cam-plate or casting Z141, fastened to a stationary part of the frame fastened to'collars Z951 Z952, fastA on the said' rock-shafts and anchored at their other ends and in the present instance fastened to the bearing-boxes Z920 Z924. v

In the present instance the cam Z941 is suitably shaped to open the movable jaws of the clamping mechanisms and to permit the said jaws to be closed by the springs Z950 on the rock-shafts Z921 Z920.

The operation of the cam Z941and springs Z950 may be readily understood by reference to Figs. 4 and 5.

In Fig. 4 .the drum is represented as revolving in the direction indicated by arrow 2O and the skin d2 is supposed to have been treated to the action of the roll a0. The jaw Z921 is still in engagement with the skin a7,and the roll Z922 is about to ride up on the cam Z941. As the drum-segment a is moved in the dif rection indicated by arrow 2O the roller Z922 is moved onto the upper surface or cam portion of the cam-plate, as shown in Fig.- 5, and the jaw Z921 is commencing to be opened. As the'roll Z932 passes over the cam Z941 from the position shown in Fig. A5 to that occupied by the roll Z940 in Fig. 4 the jaw Z921 is opened wide and maintained in this condition until the roll Z932 is carried under the cam, which is shaped so as to leave a free space between the roll Z922 and the under side of the cam, which results in the jaw Z921 being placed under the control of the spring Z950 on the rockshaft Z921, so that when the roll Z922 passes off from or out of contact with the cam Z941 it is closed by the said spring.

In Fig. 4 the movable jaw Z920 is shown as wide open, and its controlling-roller Z940 is shown at the end of the upper surface of the `cam-plate Z941 and about to be carried under and out of contact with the same.

In Fig. 5 the jaw Z920is shown as closed, and the said jaw remains closed While the skin is passing under and is being acted upon by the operating-roll d0. Th cam Z941 is suitably shaped and timed to enable the drum-seg.. ments to be moved under the operating-roll y a sufficient distance to insure the skin thereon being operated upon before the roller governing the movable jaws for the said segments is brought in contact with the upper surface of the cam. This position is represented by the roller 1922 in Fig. 4. The movable jaws Z921 Z920 are yieldingly engaged with the hide or skin, so as to properly engage the hide or skin irrespective of its thickness.

The hide or skin may be placed in by hand;

but I prefer to provide the machine with an automatic feed for the hide or skin, Which will automatically place the hide or skin in operative position on the stationary jaw of the clamp when the segment has reached the properor desired position in the revolution of the drum. The automatic feed mechanism may and preferably will be made as herein shown, and consists, essentially, of ahidesupporting bar c, located outside of the drum and extended substantially the length of the same, the said bar being supported near its opposite ends upon cranks or arms c c2, (see Fig. 1,) mounted upon a rock-shaft c2, having suitable bearings in boxes c4, secured to the foundation or bed-plate A2.

The cranks or arms c' c2 have pivotally secured to them levers or arms c5 c5, having bolted or otherwise secured to their upper ends asupplemental feed or push bar c0,which extends over the top of the feed-bar c and which is designed to be reciprocated back and forth over the top of the said feed-bar.

'The top of the feed-bar cis preferably made in the arc of a circle with the pivots for the levers c5 o0 as a center. The levers c5 o0 are provided with short arms o2 o0, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) which are adapted to engage suitable studs, pins, or projections c10 on the uprights A A, only one of which is shown in Fig. 2. The rock-shaft'c3 is provided at its opposite ends, as herein shown, with cranks or arms 012 C12, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) to which are connected one end of links c14 015, having their opposite ends joined to levers 010 017, pivoted to the side frames A A. in shown as provided with an arm 010, (see Fig. 2,) which is adapted to be engaged by arms 020 C21, fast on the drum-shaft d and located, as shown, outside of the side frame A.

The arms C20 021 are located substantially diametrically opposite and, as shown, are made in one piece, and the said arms engage the lever-arm 010 and operate the feed mechanism twice during each revolution of the drum or work-supports d4 a2.

The arms c20 021 may, and preferably will,

carry rolls 022, only one of which is shown in Fig. 1, and Awhich rolls are loose on studs or pins 022 024, extended through/said arms.

The operation of the automatic feed mech` anismmay be briefly described as follows: During the rotation of the drum-shaft d in the direction indicated by the arrow 20, Fig. 2, the arm 021 engages the lever-arm 010 and moves the same in the direction indicated by arrow 40, Fig'. 2, thereby moving the lever 017 back in the direction indicated by arrow 42, Fig. 2, which movement is communicated to the rock-shaft c2 through the connecting-rod 015 and crank 012, thereby turning the rockshaft in its bearings and moving the feedbar c forward toward the drum and into the path of movement of one of the drum-segments-as, for instance, the segment a2 (see Fig. 5)-and the movements of the parts are preferably so timed that the feed-bar c will be brought into the path of movement of the drum-segment at or just previous to the time IOO The lever 017 is here- IIO the said segment is brought under and substantially in contact with the said feed-bar, and at or about or just previous to this time the arms c8 o9 on the levers c5 c6 will engage their stop pins or projections 010, and on the continued movement of the feed-bar c toward the drum the levers c5 c6 will be turned on their pivots, so as to move the push-bar c7 for- Ward over the feed-bar c and push the portion of the hide or skin thereon, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, o from the feed-bar and over the stationary jaw D25 of the clamping mechanism and into the drum, as represented in Fig. 4. At or about the time the hide or skin is pushed off from the feed-bar c the arm C21 passes by the lever-arm 019, and the feed-bar c and push-bare7 and the parts directly connected to them are returned to their normal position, (shown in Figs. 2 and 3,) which may be effected by gravity alone, as in the present instance, or by gravity assisted by a spring or springs. The action of the feed mechanism is repeated with the drum-seg ment a when the arm C20 engages the leverarm cl2.

The drum or work-supporting segments and the operating roll or cylinder may be rotated by any suitable mechanism, andin the present instance the said parts are rotated as will now be described.V

Referring to Figs. l and 3, the drum-shaft a is shown as extended beyond the upright side frame A and has fast on it a large gearwheel d, which meshes with a pinion d on a shaft d2, having bearings, as shown, in the uprights A A. The shaft d2has also fast on it a gear cZ3,Which meshes with a pinion d4 on a shaft d5, having bearings in the upright side frames A A. The shaft d5 has mounted on it a pulley d6, connected by a belt d? with a small pulley (ZS on the main or driving shaft d of the machine, which has its bearings in the side frames A Al and has mounted on it at one end a fast pulley d10 and a loose pulley d12, and at its opposite end the. shaft Z9 has fast on it a pulley dw, which is connected by a belt (not shown) to a pulley du on the journal aw of the operating cylinder or roll.

By means of the mechanism just described the drum-segments a a2 are revolved in the direction indicated by arrow 20,while the operating-roll a is rotated in the opposite direction, (indicated by the arrow 50, Figs. 4: and 5.) By reference to Figs. 4 and 5 it will be seen that one-half or part of two skins are operated upon by the roll or cylinder a9 during each complete revolution of the drumsegments a' CL2, and, further, it will be seen that the skin being operated upon by the roll or cylinder agis firmly clamped to its segment of the drum-as, for instance, the segment a-until the said segment has passed by or beyond the operating-roll a, and while the segment a' is passing under the operatingroll the segment a2 is being brought :into posltion to receive a fresh skin, and its clamping mechanism is opened to release the skin which has been operated upon and is held opened until after the segment CL2 has been brought by what may be termed the feeding position for the skin and into a position substantially close to the operating-roll, so that by the time the segment a2 has reached the operating-roll the skin will be firmly clamped between the movable jaw Z226 and the Xed jaw 525. i

By reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the operating cylinder or roll a is substantially in contact with the drum-segment CL', into which position it is brought by its operating-springs b4 b5, as herein shown, which position may be regarded as the normal position of said operating-roll. It will therefore be readily seen that when a segment-as, for instance, CL2-having on it a skin, as c, is carried by or past the operating roll or cylinder d the latter will be forced backward away from the path of movement of the said segment by the skin and that the said operating-roll will be held firmly against the skin by its springs b4 b5, and consequently the said roll Will be automatically positioned operatively with relation to the skin being treated by the skin itself. which latter is operated upon by a pressure due substantially to the springs alone, which spring-pressure may be varied according to the thickness of the hide or skin acted upon and which may be substantially light for treating light. or thin skins, such as calf and goat skins, owing to the fact that the Weight of the operating-roll is substantially in a vertical line with the pivot of its supporting-levers and practically on a dead-center, and consequently requires but little or substantially little pressure to move it, as there is substantially :no friction to overcome. The operating-roll in the machine herein shown does not bear against the hide or skin with a pressure sufficient to cause the knives or blades to cut through the hide or skin, and especially light skins, but only with sufficient pressure to effectively perform the work desired without injuring the skin. Furthermore, by means of this feature of the invention I am enabled,

to dispense with all treadle mechanisms for `moving the operating cylinder or roll, which leaves the operator free to attend solely to the feeding of the skins and also relieves him of considerable work. This feature of my invention may be employed with other forms of work-support than the double drum-segment herein shown. Furthermore, I prefer to provide the machine with an automatic feed mechanism for the skins; but I do not desire to limit my invention in this respect, as this feature may be omitted and a superior machine still obtained, in which case the skins may be placed in position on the work-support by the operator.

By means of the adjusting devices for the springs the pressure of the operating-cylinder upon the skin may be regulated as desired to suit the different kinds of work. So, also, by

IOO

ros.

IIO

means of the set-screws Z212 Z913 the operatingroll may be accurately positioned or adjusted with relation to the work-support.

By reference to Figs. 4 and 5 it will be noticed that the movable jaw of each clamping mechanism is pivoted on the opposite sides of the center of the drum from its coperating stationary jaw and that the said movable jaw cooperates with the inner face of the stationary j aw rather than with the upper face thereof, as in machines of this class as heretofore constructed and known to me and in which the movable jaw is pivotally mounted on the drum-shaft.

With the construction and arrangement of the clamping mechanism herein shown the entire space between the drum-segments is available for the operator to place the hide between the movable jaw and the stationary jaw with a minimum opening of the said jaws. Furthermore, the iieshings or parts removed by the operating-roll are permitted to drop into the drum and do not lodge on the bitingface of the stationary jaw, which in the construction herein shown is the inner face and which is in a substantially vertical position when the said jaw is brought under or in such position with relation to the cylinder a9 as vwould enable the ieshings to drop upon its upper surface. Consequently no opportunity is afforded for the fleshings to cling to the inner face of the stationary jaw.

By reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that part of the leshings removedvfrom the hide a7 can drop onto the drum and upon the jaw Z225 when the latter inl the revolution of the drum is brought beneath the roll a9.

In practice the eshings deposited on the upper surface of the stationary jaw accumulate and form a soft and slippery layer upon which the hide rests, and when the movable jaw is pivoted on the drum-shaft and cooperates with the upper face of the stationary jaw, as in machines heretofore constructed, the slippery layer of soft ileshings between .the hide and the stationary jaw prevents the hide being firmly and securely clamped, whereas in the construction herein shown the stationary jaw is provided at all times with a clean biting-face.

The machine herein shown may be provided with a suitable cover or hood f for the operating cylinder or roll a9.

It will be noticed that the levers a2@ 0.21 are pivotedat their lower ends and support the operating-roll a9 at their upper ends, so that the weight of the said roll is practically supported substantially over the pivots for the said levers, which enables the roll to be moved toward and from the work-support with a minimum power. Furthermore, the operating-roll a9 is free. to move in a substantially horizon- .tal plane to enable it to adapt itself to irregularities in the thickness of the hide or skin by reason of its journal-boxes being pivotally supported by the screws a16 a.

I claim- 1. In a .machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz a movable work-support upon which the hide or skin to be treated is placed, and an operating roll or cylinder supported by levers whose pivots are in a substantially vertical plane passing through the axis of the roll or cylinder and normally held substantially in the path of movement of the worksupport, and means to automatically hold the said cylinder in its normal positionand permit it to yield as the skin passes by it and yet automatically maintain the said cylinder in contact with the hide or skin under pressure irrespective of the thickness of the said hide or skin, substantially as described.

2. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable work-support, an operating cylinder or roll coperating therewith,

supports for said roll or cylinder movable in the arc ofa circle and in which said roll is supported above the center of said circle, and `means connected to said supports to normally place the said roll substantially in the path of movement of the work-support and adapted to permitthe said roll to be moved bythe work away from its normal position and to automatically maintain the said roll in contact with the work irrespective of the thickness of the same, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the class described, the.

combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a revoluble drum or work-support, means to secure the work thereon, a revolving cylinder or roll coperating with the said drum, pivotal supports for said roll in which said roll is mounted in a substantially vertical line through the pivots for said supports, means to automatically move the said supports and the roll or cylinder toward said drum and maintain the said roll in engagement with the work on the revolving drum, sub'- stantially as described.

V4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a revoluble drum or work-support, a revoluble operating-tool coperating with said drum, substantially vertical pivotal supports for said tool movable toward and from the drum and in which the said tool is supported substantially in a vertical line through nected to said levers, springs to act on said rods and normally position the operating-roll substantially in the path of movement of the work-support, and means to limit ther move- IOO IIO

ment of the said operating-roll toward and from the work-support, the said springs automatically keeping the said operating-roll in engagement with the work while the iatter is carried by its support past the said roll, substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable segmental drum, a clamping mechanism cooperating therewith, and an automatic feed mechanism cooperating with the segmental drum and clamping mechanism and actuated by said drum to feed the work onto the drum when the clamping mechanism is open, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the class described, a segmental rotatable drum, an automatic workfeed mechanism consisting of a support for the work movable toward the drum, and a pusher movable with said support, and means to act on said pusher and push the work off from its support, substantially as described.

S. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable work-support, an operating roll or cylinder cooperating therewith, substantially vertical pivoted levers supporting said roll, rods connected to said levers, and springs to act on said rods and automatically keep said operating-roll in engagement with the work while the work is carried by its support past the said roll, substantially as described.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a work-support comprisingsegments of a drum, clamping mechanisms cooperating with said segments and comprising stationary members or jaws, and movable jaws located within and movable toward the center of the drum to open the said jaws, actuating mechanisms for said movable jaws connected to said jaws to positively move the same, and a cam to operate said actuating mechanisms, substantially as described.

10. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a work-support comprising segments of a drum, an automatieally-positioned operating roll or cylinder cooperating with said drum-segments, clamping mechanisms coperating with said segments and comprising stationary members yor jaws, and movable jaws located within and movable toward the center of the drumNto-open said jaws, actuatingmechanisms for said movable jaws connected to said jaws to positively move the same, and a cam to operate said actuating mechanisms, substantially as described.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a rotatable segmental drum, an automatic feed mechanism for the work coperating with said segmental drum, and means movable with the drum to operate said feed mechanism, substantially as described.

12. In a machine of the class described, the

combination pf the following instrumentalities, viz; a movable work-support, an operating roll or cylinder, pivoted levers in which said roll is adj ustably supported, spring-actuated rods connected to said levers to move the said roll toward the work-support, and adjustable means carried by the said levers to limit the movement of the said roll toward the work-support, and means to regulatethe force of the said springs, substantially as described.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a rotatable segmental drum provided with a clamping mechanism comprising astationary jaw, and a movable jaw pivotallysupported within the drum at one side of the center thereof and movable toward the center of the drum to open said jaw, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a rotatable segmental drum, a stationary clamping-jaw secured to the said drum, a movable clamping-jaw pivoted within the drum at one side thereof to cooperate with the inner face of the stationary jaw and movable toward the center of the drum to open said movable jaw, a cam, and mechanism connected to the free end of the pivoted jaw and operated by said cam, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable work-support upon which the hide or skin to be treated is placed, and an operating roll or cylinder movable in the arc of a circle having its center in a substantially vertical plane extended through said roll and normally held substantially in the path of movement of the work-support, and means to automatically hold the said cylinder in its normal position and permit it to yield as the skin passes by it and yet automatically maintain the said cylinder in contact with the hide or skin under a minimum pressure irrespective of the thickness of the said hide or skin, and means to adjust the pressure of the operating roll or cylinder upon the work, substantially as described.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable work-support, an operating roll or cylinder cooperating therewith, substantially vertical levers pivoted at their lower ends and in which the said roll is pivoted to move in a substantially horizontal direction, and means to 'act on said levers and yieldingly maintain the said roll in operative engagement with the work on the said support, substantially as described.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a movable work-support upon which the hide or skin to be treated is placed, and

an operating roll or cylinder movable in the4 arc of a circle having its center in a sub- IOO IIO

stantially Vertical plane extended through said roll and normally .held substantially in the path of movement of the Work-support, and means to automatically hold the said cyl- 5 inder in its normal position and permit it to yield. as the skin passes by it and yet automatically maintain the said cylinder in contact with the hide or skin under a minimum pressure irrespective of the thickness of the 1o said hide or skin, substantially as described. 18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the following instrumentalities, Viz: a segmental drum, a clampingmechanism cooperating therewith and compris- 15 ing a stationary jaw and a movable jaw pivdrum, means to move said roll toward said drum, ,and means to limit said movement of the roll, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my v name to this specification in the presence of 25 two subscribing Witnesses.

ALBERT F. JONES.

Witnesses: f

JAS. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

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