US609704A - Manufacture of glassware - Google Patents

Description

No. 609,704. Patented Aug.\23, |893.

n n. RIPLEY. l

MANUFACTURE 0F GLASSWABE.

(Application led Nov. 4, 1897.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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RC o T NA E No. 609,704. Patented Aug. 23, |898.

n. c. RIPLEY. MANUFACTURE 0F GLASSWAHE.

'(App`1iaein mea Nov. 4, 1897.) 4 (N0 Mddel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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DANIEL C. RIPLEY, OF PIPTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTLJRE OFGLASSWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,704, dated August 23, 1898.

Application filed November 4,1897. `Serial No. 657,362. (No model.) l l To cir/ZZ whom it may con/cern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL C. RIPLEY, al citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have inventedor discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Glassware, of which improvements the followingis a specification.`

The invention described herein relates ,tol certain improvements in the manufacture of` articles of glassware, such as lantern-globes, jars, vaseline-bottles,&c. and the invention has for its object a construction and arrange-` ment of mechanism whereby a blank can be pressed to shape in one mold and then transferred in a vertical direction to another mold, Where the blank is blown to the desire' shape.

In general terms the invention consists in the construction and combination .substantially as hereinafter more fully describeda'nd claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a sectional elevation of my improved pressing and y blowingapparatus. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, the plane of section being indicated by the line II II, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail View, the plane of section being indicated by the line III III, Fig. 2. Fig.` 3 is a sectional elevation illustrating a modified construction of the blow-mold and coveringcap. Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. l, illustrating certain modifications. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view, the plane of sectionbeing indicated by the line V V,"Figl` e. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the mold-ring, and Fig. 7 is a View illustrating a modication in the construction of the blank-guide.

In the practice of my invention the operating mechanism is preferably carried on a stand l, provided with wheels 2 to permit of the machine being easily shifted from place to place.

A central post or standard 3 is secured in suitable sockets ,formed in or secured to the stand l, as shown in Fig. l. A fluid-pressure cylinder 5, provided with valve mechanism adapted to be operated by the hand-lever G, is adj ustably secured to the central post or standard 3. To the piston-rod of the cylinder 5 is secured a plunger 7, and around this plunger is placed the mold-closing ring S,

`movably supported by the frame 9, attached to the piston-rod in the usual manner. A shoulder or bracket l0 is adjustably secured to the central post or standard below the cylinder and plunger. This bracket or shoulder is provided with a radialslot, and in said slot is placed the mold-rin'gllv The body portion of this ring projects' below the shelf or bracket and is supported in 'position by flanges resting upon the bracket along the edges of the slot. The slotted shelf or bracket is made of such a length as to permit of the shifting of the mold-ring from a position immediately below the plunger 7 to such a distance outside of the plunger as to allow of the placing of a mass of glass in the mold.

A second bracket provided with arms 12 and 13 is secured to the central post or standard below the bracket or shelf l0. The arm 12 serves as a support for the press-mold 14, which is of the usual or any suitable construction. The two brackets are arranged such a .distance apart that the arm l2 will support the mold llll in such relation to the mold-ring l1 that the mold can be closed around the mold-ring whilel the latter is supported in the slotted bracket`l0. l In using the apparatus thus far described the mold 14. is moved out along the bracket `12 to such a position as to permit the operator depositing glass therein through the moldring. The mold is then moved back into line with the plunger 7, which is forced down to shape the blank in the mold. After the plunger has/been withdrawn the mold and ring are moved out until the axis of the moldmatrix is in line with the axis of a mold l5, supported upon a rotating bed 16 below the arm l2. As soon as the mold, 14 has reached this position it is opened, so as to permit the blanket, formed by the pressing operation, to drop through an opening in the arm l2 and into the blow-mold l5. A

In order that the blank may drop truly into the mold l5, it may be held from lateral or vertical movement, if found to be necessary, until the mold llt has been opened sufficiently far to permit of the passage of the blank without striking against any part of the mold. In order in such case to support the blank during the opening of the mold let, any suitable form of catch adapted to grasp the portion of the blank within the mold-ring may be employed-such, for example, as that shown in Figs. 1 and 3-and consisting of pins 17, arranged in openings in the mold-ring l1 below the bracket 10 and held by springs 18, so that their inner ends will project a short distance inside of the inner surface ofthe mold-ring, thereby permitting of the glass of the blank being pressed around these projecting ends. These pins can be Withdrawn to release the blank after the opening of the mold in any desired manner; but in order to render the operation of the parts as nearly automatic as possible it is preferred that the p ins should be moved outwardly to release the blanks by the mold-sections as they are moved outwardly from around the blank. This purpose or result can be attained by forming iingers on the ends of the pin, said fingers projectingint-o the path of movement of the moldsections while being opened. The opening of the mold and the withdrawal of the pins 17 in the manner stated will permit the blank to drop into the blow-mold l5. The rapidity of movement of the blank a will be checked as it enters the blowmold by the air contained therein forming a cushion and allowing the blank to settle slowly into position. This will prevent the blank from being distorted or injured by impact with the walls' of the blow-mold cavity. The bed 1G is rotatably mounted on the stand l and around the central post or standard 3, so that as soon as a blank has been dropped into the blow-mold the latter can be shifted by rotating the table under a blowing mechanism carriedl by the arm 13. As shown in Fig. 1, this blowing apparatus or mechanism consists of a concave or flanged plate 19, arranged in an opening in the arm 13, so as to be capable of movement in order to seat its flanges against a packing-ring 20, preferably formed of asbestos and arranged in an undercut groove in the upper end of the blow-mold.

The plate 19 is provided with an opening Whose edges are suitably shaped to form a seat for the valve 21, having a stem 22 extending upwardly through a sleeve 23, formed on the cap 24, closing the upper end of the air-chamber 25,' formed on the top of the plate 19. I The sleeve 23 passes up through a guide-socket 26, formed of an arm secured to the central post or standard 3, and the stem 22 passes up through the sleeve 23. The plate 19 is held in its raised position by a spring 27, interposed between the upper side of the guide-socket 26 and a shoulder 28, secured to the valve stem. This spring 27 holds the valve 2l in its seat and also supports' the plate 19 in its raised position.

In order tohold the valve closed while the plate 19 is being moved down against the blowmold, a spring 29 is interposed between the upper end of the sleeve 23 and the shoulder 2S. The plate 19 is moved down and the valve 21 opened by means of a lever 30, having one end pivoted` to an arm formed on the guide-socket 26 and bearing upon the shoulder 28. It will be readily understood that as said lever is moved down and as the sleeve 23 and plate 19 are free to move the first movement of the lever will compress the spring 27 and force the plate 19 onto the blow-mold. As' soon as this plate is seated the continued movement of the lever 30 will also compress the spring 29 and move the valve 21 from its seat.

A longitudinal opening is formed through the stem 23, which is connected to a pipe 31, leading to any suitable source of Huid-pressure, and a lateral opening in the stem permits the escape of iluid into the pressurechamber 25, whence it will escape into the mold as soon as the valve is unseated.

As soon as a blank is deposited in the blowmold in the manner above described the press-mold 14 is closed, a quantity of glass placed therein, and the mold slipped under the plunger, whereby the glass is compressed or shaped by the descent of the plunger. The mold 14 is then moved out and opened in the manner described to permit the new blank to drop into another blow-mold which has been brought into position under the opening in the arm 12 by the movement of the table which carried the first blow-mold under the blowing mechanism. derstood that the pressing of a new blank will be effected during the blowing of the iirst blank.

The devices above described bywhich to secure the accurate movement of the blank from one mold to the other are not to be considered as essential, but merely as convenient accessories, to be employed when on account of the peculiar conditions of the glass or peculiar shapes to be made or for other reasons the use of such devices may be advantageous. Ordinarily and especially in the manufacture of plain articles of glassware-such as fruitjars, jelly-glasses, vaseline-bottles, and even regular threaded articles-such accessory devices may usually be omitted, so that on a quick-opening movement of the press-mold the blank will drop vertically and in a practically straight line under the influence of gravity directly from the cavity of the pressmold into the cavity of the blow-mold, being sufficiently cushioned in its fall by the air already in the blow-mold and partially restrained as regards its escape as the blank comes to its lowest position. This cushioning effect-will ordinarily be sufficient to prevent the hot plastic blank from being distorted or otherwise injured by impact with the walls of the blow-mold cavity, and such manner of working the invention is expressly included herein.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1 it will be observed that the blow-mold is made of such a length relative'to the height of the article to be formed that the upper end or It will be unco9, 704 s neck ot the article will project beyond the mold. A chamber c is formed around this projecting end by the plate 19, having a cavity on its under side which extends over and around the upper end of the blank. This chamber c around the upper end or neck of the blank in the blow-mold can be obtained by making the blow-mold of a length equal to or greater than that of the article to be formed and then enlarging the mold-cavity above the shoulder, which supports the blank prior to the blowing operation, as shown in Fig. 3. With such a construction of blowmold the under side of the plate 19 may be made lat or only slightly concave. The effect of this chamber, the manner of forming which is immaterial, is to make provision for the presence of air under pressure uniformly on the outside and inside of the upper open end of the blank, and consequently if such upper open end be threaded or receives in the press-mold peculiar shape, or even if it be lett perfectly cylindrical, such finished shape will be retained, or, in other words, the airpressure inside and outside being the same, such upper open end will retain without material change or distortion the finished shape and size which were given to it in the press-mold. Hence the open cavity on the under side of the plate 19 by which this result is secured is one of the important features of my invention; but as it may be desirable in some cases to make special provision by which to preserve the pressed shape of the threaded or other specially-shaped upper end portion of the blank I provide therefor a guiding device (to be used when necessary) for keeping the blank and mold-ring in proper alinement while moving from the` press-mold to the blow-mold. `This guiding device consists of a rod 32, arranged in suitable guide-arms 33, attached to any suitable support, as the pressing-cylinder when the latter is used toaetuatethe plunger. These arms are of such a length that the axis of the rod 32 will be in line with the axis of the blow-mold when in position under the opening in the arm 12. This guide-rod 32 can be detachably connected in any suitable manner to the mold-ring 11. A convenient means for detachably connecting the rod 32 to the mold-ring consists of prongs or fingers 34, formed on or secured to the lower end of the rod 32 and provided with inwardly-projecting lugs 35. When the rod is moved down, these lugs will pass through notches 36, formed in the periphery of the mold-ring, and by a slight rotation of the rod will pass under shoulders adjacent to the notches and formed by recessing the periphery of the ring. In using this guiding device the blank is pressed in the mold 14, as hereinbefore de scribed, and the mold is then moved out over the opening in the arm 12. The guide-rod is then connected to the mold-ring and the mold opened, so as to permit of the lowering of the blank and mold-ring into the blow-mold. As soon as the blank has been lowered into position inthe blow-mold the rod 32 is rotated axially to release the lugs 35 from engagement with the mold-ring and the rod raised until its lower end will be a sufficient distance above the press-mold to permit ofthe placing of additional quantities of glass therein.

yThe guide-rod 32 can be held in its raised position by any suitable means-ms, for example, by a spring 37, secured to one of the arms 33 and bearing at its free end against the guide-rod. The means employed for holding the guide-rod in its raised position can be so constructed or adjusted that the additional weight of a blank and mold-ring will overcome the resistance of such holding means and permit the blank and mold-ring to drop into the blow-mold as soon as the press-mold is opened. After the blank has been placed in position in the blow-mold the table 16 is rotated, so as to bring the mold under the blowing apparatus,when the operations hereinbefore described are repeated.

As shown in Fig. 7, the guide-rod 32 may be provided with spring-fingers 38, adapted to pass into the blank and bear against the inner surface thereof with sufficient force to support and guide the blank or blank and mold-ring while moving down into the blowmold.

It is a matter of some importance that the cavities in the press and blow molds should beso constructed, as illustrated in Fig. 1, that the upper portion of the blank formed in the ,press-mold, will practically close the upper end of the blow-mold, so as to prevent the air used in blowing from entering between the blank and the walls of the shaping-cavity in the blow-mold. It is also advantageous that the blow-mold should be provided above the shaping-cavity with a suitable means, such as a shoulder, adapted to engage the blank when dropped into the blow-mold and support the blank clear of the shaping-walls of the cavity until expanded by Huid-pressure applied to the interior of the blank.

It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications can be made in the apparatus, as shown and described, and the invention is not therefore limited to such specific construction.

It is characteristic of my improvement that the opening of the press-mold in which the blank is formed permits of the quick and automatic movement of the blank without the necessary use of any guiding devices into the blow-m old, which can then be quickly shifted under the blowing apparatus and the blank expanded to final shape.

I claim herein as my invention- 1. In an apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of a pressing mechanism, a press or blank mold, a pressneath the press-mold at the time of and dur- IOO IIO

IIS

mold support, a blow-mold stationary being the movement of the blank from the pressmold and a mechanism for blowing the blank,

substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of a pressing mechanism, a blowing mechanism, a pressmold, a press-mold support, a blow-mold, and means for shifting the blow-mold to and from alinement with the press-mold to operative position under the blowing mechanism, substantially as set forth.

3. In an apparatus for manufacturing glassware, the combination of pressing mechantical dropping movement of the blank from the press to the blow mold, substantially as set forth.

5. In an apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of pressing mechanism, a press or blank mold, having a removable ring, a radially-slotted mold-ring support, a press-mold support, a blow-mold, a movable blow-mold support, said supports being arranged in such relation to each other as to permit of the passage of the blank by a vertical movement from the press to the blow mold, substantially as set forth.

6. In an apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of a sectional mold, a mold-ring,a support for the mold-ring, and means for holding the article in the moldring during the opening of the mold and adapted to be shifted to release the article by the mold-sections while being opened, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a blow-mold having a shaping-cavity and at a point above the shaping-cavity provided with means for supporting the blank as against too great vertical movement, and a cap or plate provided with a connection to a suitable source of air under pressure, the cap being constructed to form a tight joint with the upper end of the blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a blow-mold having a shaping-cavity and provided at a point above the shaping-cavity with a shoulder adapted to support the blank as against too great vertical movement, and a cap or plate provided with a connection to a suitable source of air under pressure, the cap being constructed to form a tight joint with the upper end of the blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

9. In an apparatus for manufacturing glassware, the combination of a pressing mechanism, a press or blank mold movable into and out of line with the pressing mechanism, a blow-mold, a blow-mold support movable in a plane below the plane of movement of the press-mold, and mechanism for blowing the blank, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination of a press-mold provided with a blank-shaping cavity, and a blow-mold provided with a shaping-cavity,

the 4upper portions of the cavities in said molds being suitably proportioned so that the blank formed in the press-mold will close the upper portions of the cavity in the blowmold, substantially as set forth.

l1. The method of transferring plastic pressed glass blanks from the press-mold in which they are pressed, into a blow-mold preliminary to blowing, by dropping the blank bodily under the infiuence of gravity, through the open bottom of the press-mold into the opentop of the blow-mold, and cushioning its fall by the air partially confined in the blow-mold by the blank as it falls, substantially as described. l p

12. The method of manufacturing articles of glassware, which consists in pressing a blank,transferrin g the blank bodily and while in a plastic condition, 'by the action of gravity from the press-mold to the blow-mold and expanding the blank to the finished shape by blowing, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

DANIEL C. RIPLEY.

Witnesses:

DARWIN S. WoLcoTT, M. S. MURPHY.

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