US608065A - Steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

No. 608.065, Patented July 26, |898. E. J. MOORE.

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Dec. 4, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 608,065. Patented July 26, |898. E. J. MOORE.

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Dec. 4, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

TN: Nonms PETERS co, Pnofoumo., WASHINmOrf, u. c.

No. 608,065. Patented July 267 |8918. E. J. MOORE.

STEAM BUILER.

\Applcaton led Dec. 4, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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E. .1.0010066l STEAM BUILER. (Application filed Dec. 4, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

OOOOOOOOO GOOGOOOO OOGOO0.000 OOOOOOO IlNrTnn STAT-nsf I-ATnNT EDVARD` J. MOORE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-Bomen.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,065, dated July 26, 18.98. l Application filed December 4,1897. Serial No. 660,770. (No model.)

To alt whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. MOORE, aI citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in tubular steam-boilers, especially of the marine type, and while my invention is especially designed as a marine boiler it will be understood that it may be used as a stationary boiler.

The object of my invention is to provide the greatest amount of heating-surface in the least amount of space and to so arrange the parts that the boiler is kept at an even temperature at all times.

A further object of the invention is to so arrange the parts that the gases arising from the layer of fuel when iirst spread will be thoroughly consumed; and a still further object of the invention is to so arrange the parts that access maybe had to all vital parts of the boiler. These objects I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional view of my improved steam-boiler, the tubes, headers, and drum not being in section, so as to more clearly illustrate the passage of the products of combustion. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the boiler, including the tubes, headers, and drums to illustrate the water circulation. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3, Fig. l. Fig. 4. is a transverse section on the line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is asectionalplan view through the central header. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective view of the central header. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the end headers. Fig. 8 isa perspective view of the muddrnm. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the damper. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the saddle and side bars. Fig. 11 isa sectional view of a portion of the central header. Fig. 12 is a view showing an arrangement when two drums are used; and Fig. 13 is a view illustrating a modification, showing three` transverse drums instead of the longitudinal drum or drums.

i My improved boiler .may be termed a twin boiler, as it has two fireplaces, two

sets of heating-tubes, and one or more water and steam drums common to both sets of heating-tubes.

A is the casing of the structure, made in the present instance of sheet metal and masonry.

i a a are the two 'front plates, having firedoors a and ash-pit openings a2.

B B are the two rechambers, having grates b b', and below the grates are the ashpits B2 B3. Separatingthe two fire-chambers is a central combustion-chamber C, communicating with the hre-chamber B` through passage c and communicating with the rechamber'B through passage c.

Below the combustion-chamber C are two air-chambers C C2, separated from the cornbustion-chamber by perforated partitions c2 c?. These partitions are of the form shown in Fig. 1, so as to give the products of combustion as they pass thro ugh the combustionchamber a rollingmotion. The perforations in the partitions are tapered, so that the air will pass from the air-chambers to the combustion-chamber in the form of jets, and, furthermore,the openings are so proportioned that dust will readily pass'through the openings and into the air-chambers, while coal or clinkers that in some instances pass beyond the grates will be collected in the combustionchamber O and may-be removed either from the tire-chambers or from one side, if a doorway is made, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

D is the water and steam drum, extending the full length of the boiler and supported in any suitable manner.

' Depending from the drum D is a central header E and two end headers F F. These end headers are connected, respectively, to the central header by inclined heating-tubes G G', so that the circulation of the water in the boiler is down the central header E, through the inclined heating-tubes G G", upthe end headers F F', and through Athe drum D to the central header.

The central header E is connected to the drum D by a large tube E. This tube issufiiciently large to admit of a man passing from the drum to the header when repairs are necessary. p

The edges of the drum at the openings yare IOO connected by one or more tie-rods d., detachably secured to lugs on the drum. One end of the rod or rods may be uncoupled when access is to be had to the headers and turned back, so as to provide an uninterrupted opening.

The header E is made in the form shown in Figs. 2 and Ll, so as to provide two flat tube-plates efor the tubes G and G', arranged at right angles to the tubes. Consequently the central header is of greater width at the bottom than at the top, and in ord er to insure the proper circulation of the water in this header I so form it at the base as to make two legs E2, the space between the legs forming a portion of the combustion-chamber C. I preferably extend circulating-tubes e' from one leg to the other, and these tubes are curved in the present instance. From the fork of the two legs I may extend a vertical partition within the central header, as shown by dotted lines, if desired. l

The side plates e2 of the central header E, which are preferably dished, are made in single sheets and are secured to the flanged tubesheets e and to the flanged bottom sheet e3. The two tube-sheets are curved at the top and overlap, forming a doubly-riveted seam, y

and each tube-sheet overlaps the bottom sheet near the bottom of each leg, forming a doublyriveted seam. In order to stiffen the structure, corner-braces e4 are placed at intervals,which tie the tube-sheets to the side plates. By dishing the side plates stays are dispensed with.

I preferably make a manhole e5 in one of the side plates e2 and also make clean-out openings e in the side plates near the bottom of each leg.

Directly below the central header E is a mud-drum II, having a fiat base, so that it will not tilt or roll. I preferably make this of cast metal.

The mud-drum IfI is connected to the legs E2 by pipes 7i, so that any sediment or dirt settling in the legs will pass through the pipes h to the mud-drum I-I, which is provided with blow-off pipes h' h'. The pipes 7L extend through the combustion-chamber C and are preferably staggered, and the mud-drum I-I is below the combustion-chamber and between the two air-chambers C' C2. The drum has one or more clean-out openings accessible from vone of the air-chambers.

The end headers FF' are made in the present instance of two sheets of metal suitably punched and pressed to receive the ends of the heating-tubes and caps. The iianges of the two sheets overlap at the edge and are united by a single or double row of rivets. They are also united at intervals by tubular stay-rods.

The upper portion of each end header is shaped and [ianged to conform to the drum to which it is attached, and the drum has a series of openings in it where the end header is attached, so as to allow for free circulation and without materially weakening the drum. The end headermay be made in two sections nippled together, as shown in Fig. l2, in some instances. Y

The drumD may be slotted the entire width of the header and reinforced, if necessary, or tie-rods may be used.

The boiler is supported at several points, the central header at cc on the foundation A', the end headers on the boxesa, which extend across the furnace above the lire-door a', and the drum is not only supported by the several headers, but rests on the frame at y y. It will be seen that the structure is well supported and balanced and the parts can freely contract and expand. Shoes are provided on,

each side of the central header at the foundation, so as to prevent the header from sliding.

I is the flue, which extends on each side of the drum D, as shown in Fig. 4, and communicates with the main combustion-chambers of the furnace, as shown in Fig. I. In the upper portion of the flue is a half-damper I', pivoted at 1l', and extending from the pivot to the top of the central header E is a partition t', dividing the lower portion of the flue into two separate lues, either one of which can be closed by the damper I'.

The pivot-shaft 1l of the damper extends out at one side beyond the casing and has a `counterweighted arm I2, to which are connected the two operating-cords 71H3. These cords pass under guide-wheels i4 and over Wheels i5 and extend within easy reach of the stokers.

The damper is normally vertical, so that the products of combustion travel up from the lire-chambers between lthe tubes around the drum to the Hue.

Vhen one of the furnaces is freshly charged with fuel-say, for instance, the furnace B'- then the damper I' is turned down, as shown in Fig. 1, to cut oif the direct passage to the flue from the furnace B' and the smoke and unconsumed gases are drawn through the central combustion-chamber C, where they are mixed with heated air from the air-chamber C2, which receives its hot air from one of the ash-pits, a damper being open, so that the air will pass to the combustion-chamber. The gases and hot air are thoroughly mixed in the combustion-chamber C and are drawn into the lire-chamber B, where they mingle with the products of combustion from the fire therein and are consumed, giving off the desired heat.

In order to prevent the gases passing up in close contact with the central header, I place deflectors jj at each side of the header, so as to make the gases pass directly over the bed of fuel. When the smoke is consumed, the damper I' is released and it resumesits vertical position, allowing the products of combustion from each furnace to pass up independently to the flue.

rlhe dampers b2 and b3 are hung to the framework of the furnace, and each damper is operated by a rod b4 within reach ofthe stoker, and the rod has a series of ratchet-teeth' IOO IIO

a drum, a single central header and two end4 h5, which engage with a lug on the frame, so that the damper can be set in any position.

The nue I is so formed as to straddle the drum and rests upon two saddles 7c k thereon and also upon two saddles 7c 7c on the central header. It is thus supported by the boiler structure.

A protecting-plate K is placed over the upper portion of the drum D within the flue I, so as to protect it. This plate extends down on each side of the boiler and is secured to the lues by the saddles 7i: 7c.

As shown in Fig. 5, the end plates of the central header E are preferably dished, thus dispensing with internal stays, although in some instances they may be flat and stays used without departing from the essential features of my invention.

I mount on the drum D a series of saddles n, preferably made in two pieces flanged and secured together at the center. These saddles extend down on either side of the drum and are secured to longitudinal bars m m, having reversely-arranged flanges. The saddles are attached to one ilauge and the side plates of ,the boiler attached to the other llange. Suitable non-conducting covering can be placed above the drum and supported by the bars m m, as shown in Fig. 3. arrangement is not punctured with a series of rivet-holes and it is allowed to expand freely and independently of the casing.

It will be understood that in large-sized boilers the tube-plates of the central header may be made in two sections riveted together, as shown in Fig. Il, and that the end headers may be made in two or lnore sections coupled i together, and two or more drums may be used with the central and end headers, as shown in Fig. 12. In the modification, Fig. 13, I have illustrated three transverse drums connected together in the place of one or more longitudinal drums.

I prefer to make the two lower rows of heating-tubes somewhat larger than the others, so as to allow more water to circulate in the lower portion of the boiler, thus preventing,

these lower tubes from giving out first, as is the case when all the tubes are of the same diameter.

While I have shown the lire and ash-pit openings at the ends of the structure, they may be at one side in some instances, depending altogether on thelocation of the boiler.

Iclaim as my invention*- f l. The combination in a steam-boiler, of

headers suspended from said drum and closed at the bottom, heating-tubes extending from each side of the central header to the end headers, a Iirechamber under each set of heating-tubes, and a passage under the central header communicating with the two firechambers, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a drum, a singletriangular central header having tube-plates at each side, end headers The drum by this combustion chamber raked on a line with the tube-plates of the central header and closed at the bottom and inclined tubes extending from the tube-plates of the central header to the end headers, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a drum, a single triangular` central header having tube-plates at each side and communieating at the top with the drum and forked at the bottom to form legs, two end headers and .inclined tubes extending from the central header to the two end headers, substantially as described.

l. The combination in a steam-boiler, of

\ a drum, a triangular central header, and heating-tubes, a neck connecting the header with the drum, lugs on the drum at each side of the neck-opening, and one or more pivoted stays extending across the drum at the opening and detachably secured to the lugs so that access can be had to the neck, substantially as described.`

5. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a drum, a single central header and heatingtubes extending from each side of said header, and a vertically-arranged partition in the lower portion of the header, substantially as described.

6. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a single central header and heating-tubes, said tubes extending from each side of the central header, a nre-chamber under eachl set of tubes at each 'side of the central header, and a combustion-chamber directly under the central header and communicating with both lire-chambers, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two fire-chambers, ar central combustionchamber, a central'header forked at the bottom to form two legs, and an enlargement of the central combustion-chamber, substantially as described.

8. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a single central header, heatingtubes connected thereto, two fire-chambers, a central under the central` header, and air-ducts opening into the said combustion-chamber, substantially as, described.

9. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a single central header, heating-tubes con-f nected thereto, fire-chambers, a central combustion-chamber communicating `with the fire-chambers, two air-chambers under the combustion-chamber and communicatingA therewith, and dampers for each chamber, substantially as described.

10. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a central header, heating-tubes connected thereto, two lire-chambers, a central combustion-chamber communicating" with the said fire-chambers, and two airchambers,one conimunicating with the ash-pit of one iire-chamber, the other Withthe ash-pit of the other fire-chamber, and both communicating with the central combustion-chamber, substau` tiall y as described.

IOO

IIO

11. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a central header, heating-tubes connected thereto, a central combustion-chamber, under the said header, a mud-drum at the bottom of the combustion-chamber and tubes connecting the header with the drum, substantially as described.

12. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a central header, heating-tubes connected thereto, said header being forked at the base to form two legs, and tubes extending from one leg to the other, substantially as described.

13. A triangular header for steam-boilers, forked at the base to form two legs, the top of the header and the bottom of each leg being rounded, said header having its inclined sides in the form of flat tube-sheets, substantially as described.

14. A triangular header adapted to be suspended from a drum, of a steam-boiler, said header having dished end plates and fiat tube-sheets at each side secured to the end plates, said tube-sheets adapted to receive heating-tubes, substantially as described.

15. A triangular header for steam-boilers, forked at the bottom forming two legs, flat tube-sheets and bottom sheets flanged at each end, and end plates secured on theoutside to the flanges of the tube-sheets and bottom sheets so that all the ianges will be within the header, substantially as described.

16. The combination in a triangular header for steam-boilers, having iat tube-sheets at each side, and end plates withv a series of corner-braces securing the side plates to the end plates in addition to the rivets, substantially as described.

17. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a drum, a central triangular header, inclined end headers, heating-tubes extending from the triangular header to the end headers, a mud-drum below the triangular header and tubes connecting the mud-drum with the base of the header, substantially as described.

18. The combination of a triangularheader, and inclined heating-pipes, a mud-drum connected to the header, said mud-drum having a hat base as and for the purpose specified.

19. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two fire-chambers, a drum, a single central header, two end headers, heating-tubes extending from the -central header to the end headers, a combustion-chamber between the two fireplaces and under the single central header, said combustion-chamber being depressed at the center, air-chambers, and openings in the depressed portion of the combustion-chamber communicating l, with the airchamber, substantially as described.

20. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two hre-chambers, a combustion-chamber between the two, said combustion-chamber being depressed, tapered openings in the bottom of said combustion-chamber, and air-chambers communicating with said openings, substantially as described.

21. The combination in a steam-boiler, of

a drum, a central header, end headers, heating-tubes, twov fireplaces, a central combustion-chamber enlarged at the center and narrow passages connecting the said combustion-chamber with the lire-chambers, substantially as described.

22. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a central header and heating-tubes, a central combustion-chamber under the central header, a fire-chamber at each side of the central combustion-chamber, air-chambers communicating with the combustion-chamber, and one air-chamber communicating with the ash-pit of one tire-chamber and the other airchamber communicating with the ash-pit of the other fire-chamber, and handled dampers for each air-chamber, the handles of said dampers extending to the outside of the furnace, substantially as described.

23. The combination of two fire-chambers, a single central header and heating-tubes, a passage under the central header forming a communication between the two tire-chambers, two outlet-passages for the products of combustion, and means for closing one or other ot' said outlets so that the gases from one fire-chamber will pass under the central header to the other fire-chamber and over the fuel therein, substantially as described.

24:. The combination of two fire-chambers, a single central header, heating-tubes in the combustion-chamber of each fire-chamber, a passage under the central header communieating with both nre-chambers above the grates, a single stack, a partition extending above the central header and into the stack so that the gases from one tire-chamber will pass over the fuel in the other fire-chamber to the stack, substantially as described.

25. The combination of a casing of a steamboiler, having a central frame or foundation A', bearing-boxes as, and bearings y y, two fire-chambers on each side of the foundation A', a drum resting on the bearings y y, a central header resting on the frame or foundation A', and end headers resting on the boxes a3 and connected to the central header by heating-tubes, substantially as described.

26. The combination of two fire-chambers, a passage communicating with the two chambers, adrum, a central header and end headers connected to the drum, heating-tubes, with delectors at each side of the central header, substantially as described.

27. The combination in a steam-boiler, of one or more drums,a series of saddles mounted on the drum or drums, and longitudinal bars at each side o f the drum or drums and secured to the saddles for sustaining a suitable covering, substantially as described.

28. The combination in a steam-boiler, a drum, a series of saddles mounted thereon, a longitudinal bar on each side of the drum, each bar having reversely-arranged flanges, the said saddles being secured to one flange, and the side plates of the frame secured to the other flange, substantially as described.

29. The combination in a steam-boiler, of a drum, a single central header connected to the drum, a ue for the products of combustion directly above and extending on each side of the drum and communicating with the two combustion-chambers, a partitionplate extending from the central header up into the ilue, substantially as described.

30. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two fire-chambers, a drum, a single central header connected to the said drum, end headers and heating-tubes, and a flue for the products of combustion adapted to straddle the drum and rest upon the central header, substantially as described.

3l. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two fire-chambers, a drum, a central header, end headers, and heatingtubes,a lue adapted to straddle the drum and to rest upon the central header, leaving passages on each side of the drum, and a vertical partition extending from'the central header up to a point above the drum so as to divide the lower portion of the flue, substantially as described.

32. The combination in a steam-boiler, of two fire-chambers, a drum, a single central header connected to the drum, heating-tubes, a flue cut away so as to straddle the drum and leave passages at each side thereof, with a saddle-plate extending over the drum within the flue and secured to the Hue, substantially as described.

33. The combination of a drum, a central header, and end headers, heating-tubes, a

ilue extending down on each side of the drum and communicating with the combustionchambers of the boilers, a central partitionplate extending from the central header up to a point' above the drum, with a damper, and means vfor operating said damper to cut oft one or the other passage, substantially as described.

34:. The combination of a drum, central header and heating-tubes, a flue circular in cross-section vand cut awayso as to stradldle the drum, said flue being larger in diameter than the drum so as to form passages on each side thereof, said flue also enlarged at the center and having saddles resting on the drum and central header, substantially as described.

35. The combination of a drum, lcentral header and. heating-tubes, of a flue, a partition dividing the flue into two parts, a pivoted damper adapted to open both parts of the ilue or close one or the other, a lever and weight for keeping the damper normally vertical, and ropes or chains extending over sheaves to a point easy of access to the stokers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD J. MOORE.

WVitnesses:

WILL. A. BARR, Jos. H. KLEIN.

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