US607878A - Gas-engine - Google Patents

Description

No. 607,878. Patented July 26, i893. C. UUAST.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application filed sept. 15

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No. 607,878. Patented luly 26, |898. C. UUAST.

GAS ENGINE.

(Application led. Sept. 15, 1894.)

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

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Arrnn marne artnr CHARLES QUAST, OF MARION, OHIO.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent N0. 607,878, dated July 26, 1898.. Application filed September 15, 1894. Serial No. 523,170. (No model.)

To @Z whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES QUAsT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marion, in the county of Marion and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a section through the engine. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are diagrams illustrating the Working of the engine. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the valve mechanism and vaporizer. Fig. 7 is a section through the exhaustpipe and air-hull.

Bed-plate 105 carries cylinder 93, valvechest 33, oscillating crank 99, and rotating crank 101. Crank-shaft 109 carries bevel-gear 102, which meshes in bevel-gear103 on shaft 2. The shaft 2 carries the cam 1 and cam 3. Cam 1 has a projection 6. On the periphery of cam 1 rests, through roller 15, lever 14, which is pivoted in a suitable bearing at 12. Lever 14 carries valve-stem 34, which carries valve 44. With said cam also engages the roller 2 of knee-lever 10, pivoted in suitable bearings at 7, and carries on its arm 8 rod 9, which slides in bearing 87. Valve-stem. 47 carries valve 46 and valve-dog 49. Shaft 2 also carries cam 3, which operates upon lever 91, which is pivoted at 19 with eccentric-strap 13 and is connected by pivot 24 with igniterrod 30. Valve-stem 47 connects, through lever 57, rod 59, and lever 60, with pump 66, which has suction check-valve 68, discharge checkvalve 69, and connections, through pipe 70 and spring check-valve 71, with the Vaporizing-chamber 7 9. Valve-chest 38 has a waterjacket 40, surrounding chamber 41, and has a discharge-chamber 42, connecting with 43 and exhaust-pipe 82. The suction-chamber 45 connects, through vaporizing-chamber 79, with air-chamber S0 and air-duct S6. Crank 101 and crank-shaft 109 rotate, While crank 99 oscillates, being connected with the crank 101 by the pitinan 100. This causes piston 97 to make a full sweep or stroke to each quarterrevolution of crank 101, or four complete strokes to one revolution of crank 101. These four strokes are the cycle of the engine--viz., first stroke, suction of explosive mixture;

second stroke, compression of the explosive mixture; third stroke, ignition and expansion of explosive mixture; fourth stroke, the eX- pulsion of the waste products of combustion. The motion of crank-shaft 109 is transmitted through bevel-gears 102 and 103 to shaft 2. As shaft 2 rotates cam 1 will raise valve-stem 34 and with it lever 14, governor-catch 36, and

valve 44, also levers 10 and 3 and valve-stem 9,

which will enter, with its point 54, into a notch 50 of valve-dog 49 and raise valve-stem 47 and valve 46. The movement of valve-stem 47 is transmitted through lever 57 rod 59, lever 60, and rod 64 upon plunger 65. The lever 57 is pivoted at 58. With cam 1 and shaft 2 rotates cam 3, which operates, through a projection 4, upon lever 91, rod 30, and levers 3l and 32. Governor 83 operates through stem 53 upon governor-dog 52 and through rod 5l upon valve-dog 49. The governor is driven by the engine and moves governor-dog 52 and valvedog 49 as the engine varies in speed, said dog having notches 50, in which matches the point 54 of rod 9. Each notch 50 commands a different rise of the suction-valve 46 and also of the` pump-plunger. The rising of said valve is caused by the rotating of cam 1 on shaft 2. The movement of valve-stem 47 is transmitted through lever 57, rod 59, lever 60, and link 6l upon plunger 65, the stroke of which varies with the movement oi' valvestem 47.

As soon as the engine has reached its speed and the stroke of suction-valve 46 and pumppiston 65 has reached its maximum the governor will bring governor-dog 52 under governor-catch 36. This keeps discharge-valve 44 open and hasbrought valve-dog 49 out of reach of point 54, thus causing the suctionvalve 46 to remain closed and omit the stroke of pump-plunger 65. Joint 19 of lever91 and eccentric-rod 18 rest upon set-screw 23,which is-held in a suitable lug22. Eccentric-rod 18 connects with eccentric-strap 17 and is movable on eccentric 20, the latter having a handle 2l. Lever 91 rests with its outer end 24 upon set-screw 26, carried by lug 25. As cam 3 rotates with shaft 2, projection `4 Will meet ICO projection 5, thus raising lever 91, turning in A ing the engine.

highest points lever 91 will drop through the expansion of spring 28 upon regulating-screw 26. When the engine is up to speed and the governor has locked Valve-stem 34, lever 14 and its block 13 will be held in its highest position and leaving joint 19 free, so that when projection 4 of cam 3 comes to strike projection 5 of lever 91 joint 19 will rise and leave rod 30, spring 28, and its connections undisturbed. As soon as the engine reduces its speed sufficiently to withdraw governor-dog 52 valve-stem 34, lever 14, and block 13 will take their position again, this causing lever 91 to turn in joint 19 instead of in joint 24 until governor-dog 52 locks valve stem 34 again, and then it reverses and pivots in 24 instead of in 19. This is done to omit the operation of the igniter mechanism during the time when no explosive is drawn in. This shows that the governor controls the discharge-valve, the suction-valve,the explosivesupply pump, and the igniter. Small variations of power are regulated by having the governor move valve-dog 49, thus giving more or less opening to the suction-valve 46 and correspondingly more or less stroke to pumppiston 65. Greater variations are regulated by bringing all mechanisms out of operation and by not using any explosive. The vaporizer is composed ot chamber 79, screens 74 below, and screens Si above. Screens 74 contine the free passage of air into chamber 79, which causes the suction of the engine to create a part vacuum in chamber 79, thus facilitating a rapid evaporation of the explosive. The evaporated explosive passing through screens 8l and chamber 45 is constantly heated through the heat in chambers 43 and 42, through which the exhaust passes, and so expands and reaches the cylinder at or near atmospheric pressure. In creating a vacuum in chamber 79 the explosive mixture contains more explosive and less air, thus giving a higher explosion and a more perfect combustion, which is economical.

The .exhaust of the engine passes through chamber 42, submerging chamber 45, and through passage 92 into chamber 43, submergin g the vaporizer-chamber 79 and screens 74 and 81 therein. Chamber 43 connects with exhaust-pipe 82. Hull 75 submerges part of the exhaust-pipe 82 and all of chamber 43. Hull 75 has in its upper end openings 84, which are regulated through ring 83, which has correspondingopenings 90. Theairpassesthrough said openings into chambers S6 and 8O and through screens 74 into vaporizing-chamber 79. The air is heated in passing along pipe 82 and chamber 43, thus reducing the volume of exhaust through condensation and absorbing heat to increase the vaporization and the explosive force. Lever 60 has slot 61, through which the stroke of the pump can be adjusted and regulated to the quality of fuel' used. Lever 60 has handle k63, which is used in start- By pulling out pin 62 lever 60 will fulcrum on its other end and the charge ofv explosive can be pumped up by hand through valve 69, pipe 70, and spring checkvalve 71, over overliow 72 and spreader 73 into chamber 79.

The explosive will fall into chamber 80, where it will be lighted through door 77 and opening 76 to heat the air within and the adjacent parts, which is necessary in damp Weather in starting the engine. Pin 62 is put back in its place, and by turning the engine over its center it is ready for operation. Spring check-valve 71 is adjustable as to pressure. Valve-stems 34 and 47 have springs 37 and 48, respectively, to be compressed when the valves are opened and to expand when the same set.

Eccentric 2O and handle 21 are used to regulate the moment of ignition either earlier or later. Spring 37 exerts a pressure upon dog 52 when pulled under governor-catch 36, this preventing the.governor from withdrawing the dog until the valve-stem 34 and governorcatch are raised a little, for which purpose the cam 1 raises governor-catch 36 a little higher than the highest point of governor-dog 52. Through this the release of the exhaustvalve and indirectly of suction-valve, pump,

and igniter can only take place at the proper time set by cam 1. Vaporizer 79 has an open bottom, allowing any excess of fuel to fall into chamber 8O upon bottom 78.

In the operation of the engine when cranks 101 and 99 are in a vertical position corresponding with Fig. 2 the next movement will cause cam 1 to operate upon lever 10, with its connections, and raise the suction-valve 46. The further movement of both cranks will cause piston 97 to draw in a charge through vaporizer 7 9; the charge being pumped up as the suction-valve rises until crank 101 has reached a horizontal and crank 99 the farthest limit of its movement corresponding with Fig. 3 and piston 97 has reached its lowest position. When piston 97 reaches the lowest point, suction-valve 46 is closed. As cranks 101 and 99 move in the direction to reach position, as shown in Fig. 4, piston 97 will rise and compress the confined explosive mixture. During this period all valves are closed. Before piston 97 has reached its highest point cam 3, with its high point 4, has raised lever 91, compressed spring 2S, raised rod 30, and brought point 33 of lever 32 in contact with the igniter-point. As soon as piston 97 has reached its highest point point 5 will drop from point 4 of cam 3, this causing point 33 of lever 32 to disconnect with the electric point, this causing a spark and ignition of the explosive mixture which was compressed in the stroke previous. As piston 97 is forced downward bythe explosion and the expansion of the burning gases all valves are closed; but as soon as the piston reaches Vthe position indicated in Fig. 5 exhaust-valve 44 IOC IIO

will rise and expel the waste products of comi 97, connecting-rods 98 and 100, and cranks 99 and 101 have again reached the position indicated by Fig. 2 to begin anew cycle again. This shows that the suction-valve is open through the iirst quarter of revolution of crank 101, which is the first stroke of piston 07. Then no valve is open for two quarterrevolutions of crank 101 and two strokes of piston 97'. At the conclusion of these 4two strokes the ignition takes place. During the last quarter-revolution of crank 101 and the last stroke of piston 97 the exhaust-valve is open. Cylinder 93 has water-jacket 108, the latter connected with water-jacket 40, surrounding chamber 41 to prevent overheating of parts within.

I claim- 1. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder, the piston, the inlet and exhaust valves, the connections for operating the inlet-valve, the governor for controlling the said connection and the degree and period of movement thereof, said governor being arranged to control the period of movement of the exhaustvalve, said exha ust-valve being held open by said governor connection when the inlet-valve is out of operation and throwninto operation when the inlet-valve is in operation, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder and piston,the inlet and exhaust valves, the connection for operating the inlet-valve, the governor for controlling the degree of operation of the inlet-valve and the fuel-pump connected to the inlet-valve, and arranged to secure its Working stroke from the opening movement of said valve and in proportions to said movement, said pump operating to force the fuel to the said valve, substantially as described.

3. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylind er and piston,the inlet and exhaust valves, the fuel-pump and the governor for controlling the action of said parts,said pump throwing the pump out of operation when the exhaust-valve is open and the inlet-valve closed and controlling the degree of movement of the pump to correspond with the degree of movement of the inlet-valve, substantially as described.

4. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder and piston,the inlet and exhaust valves, the fuel-pum p, the connections `for operating the inlet and exhaust valves and the pump and the governor mechanism for controlling the action of said parts to hold the exhaustvalve open, the inlet-valve closed and the pump at rest when the engine is up to speed, said governor havingv connection with both valve mechanisms and with the pump.

5. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valve mechanism, the igniter-lever pivoted at 19 and the eccentric with its strap and hand-lever carrying the pivot 19 and the adjustable bearing for said pivot, substantially as described.

0. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valve mechanism, the igniter, the igniter-lever, the cam for operating the same and the governor with connections extending to the fulcrum of the lever for releasing the same when the engine is up to speed to allow the said lever to operate Without operating the igniter connections, substantially as described.

7. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder the piston, the valve mechanism including the exhaust-valve, the igniter-lever, the bearing on the exhaust-valve connection for holding the igniter-lever in operative position and the governor for-controlling the action of the exhaust-valve and thereby the operation of the igniter-lever, substantially as described.

8. In combination in a gas-engine, the cylinder, the piston, the valve lnechanism, the rod for operating one of said valves, the lever connected to the valve-rod the bearing 13 on the said lever, the cam for operating the lever, the igniter, the igniter-lever connected to the igniter at one end and pivoted at 19 at the other end and held by the bearing 13 when the valve is closed, substantially as described.

9. In combination in a gas-en gine, the cylinder, the piston, the valve mechanism and `the vaporizer, the exhaust-passage extending past the vaporizer to heat the same, the hotair-outlet pipe 82, the air-jacket about the said pipe and the adjustable slides for regulating the quantity of air let into the same,

substantially as described.

10. In combination in a gas-en gine, the cylinder, the piston, the suction and exhaust valves, the governor-catch 52 for the exhaustvalve the governor connected thereto, the dog 119 on the suction-valve stem, adapted to receive different degrees of movement, the conl able dog on the stem thereforhavinga series of bearing-points, the governor for shifting said dog laterally to bring said 'points into line with the operating-rod thus varying the amount of movement ot" the valve, and the pump connected with the inlet-valve stem and arranged to force fuel thereto when the valve is opened and in a degree corresponding to the degree of opening of the valve, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES QUAS'I. Witnesses:

FRED E. GUTHERY, E. C. SMITH.

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