US58093A - Improvement in water-elevators - Google Patents

Description

TTED STATES PAT JAMES FRERET, OF NEWT ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

iM PRovEivl ENT'IN wATi= Ri:LEvATons.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,093, dated September 1L", i865.

To all 'whom yit may concern I Be it known that I, JAMES FRERET, ot' the city ot' New Orleans, parish of Orleans, and

i State of Louisiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement on F Heros Fountain,7 and also on a certain contrivance used at Chemnitz, Hungary; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part ot this specification, in which- Figure l is a sectional view of part of my invention; Figs. 2 and 3, similar views of my automatic valves.

My invention has for its object the automatic elevation of water or other liquid above its level without the use of forcing-pumps or other expensive mechanical appliance; and this end is accomplished through the agency ofthe welllznown principle in physics which is familiarly illustrated in Heros fountain, and also in a certain contrivance used at Chemnitz, Hungary, in combination with certain valves, to be hereinafter more particularly described.

The -principle referred to may be stated brieiiy to be that the pressure exerted by acolumn ofwatcrin an air-tight cistern, being transmitted by the air it compresses to another airtight cistern containing water by means of a pipe or other suitable conductor, will cause the water to rise in a pipe communicating with it to a height above its level equal to the height ofthe first column of water, so that when the second cistern is elevated above the other the water in it will be forced to a point above its level which will be equal, or very nearl y equal, to the elevation of the head of water or source oi' supply above the lower cistern.

The contrivance used at Chemnitz may be described to he substantially the application ot' valves or other equivalent mechanical coutrivances to alternate the lling and emptying of such cisterns, and thereby to elevate the water or other liquid, as the case may be, above` the level it would otherwise attain through the action of the above-mentioned law of nature; and it may consist of two air-tight cisterns, G and F, Fig. 1, which receive the` water at their bottoms, the cistern G being` so placed near the ground or door, accordingly as the apparatus is without or within doors, as to be conveniently accessible, while F is elevated to the highest point at which it maybe regularly supplied with water from the head or source ci' supply, whether the same be an ordinary cistern or any other description of reservoir whatsoever, and two sim plevalves, A and B, of which A allows the water to iow into cistern F, and B provides for its exit from the said cistern into the vertical pipe or tube H. The two cisterne are connected at their respective tops by the air-pipe J, as shown at Fig. l. In such an arrangement there would be an equivalentof an exhaust pipe or cock, L, and a supply-pipe, M, provided with a stopeock, the tirst to discharge the cistern of its water, the last to till or replenish the same.

The operation of the invention, when its organization is as above described, is as follows, to wit: The cistern F being full ofwater, and G empty, and the exhaust-cock closed, on opening the supply-pipe M by means of a stop-cock, (not shown on the drawings,) the inrushing water will force the air through the connectingpipe J and transmit the pressure to the upper or superior cistern, close valve A and open valve B, and expel the water into and through the vertical pipe B to a point corresponding in its altitude above cistern F to the height ot' the head which supplies the water. If the i supply-pipe'M be now closed and the exhaustcock L opened, the water in cistern Gr will be discharged therefrom, and, the pressure being removed from the air in cistern F, it will return through pipe J to cistern G. The expelling pressure being thus removed, the valve B will be closed by the weight of the water in tube H, and valve A be reopened by its release from pressure, thus causing cistern F to be again iilled from the reservoir or head. On refilling cistern G the operation may be repeated, and so on indefinitely. This arrangement would be an improvement on the Chemnitz plan 5 but, like the lai ter, it requires a constant manipulation to keep it in operation, and my object is to make a seltactin g apparatus.

'lo establish an automatic operation, I substitute, in lieu ofthe stop-cock in supplypipe M, a valve, C, (see Fig. 1,) or other equivalent device, which is controlled by a float, N, :inside the cistern, so arranged as to open the valve when the cistern is empty and close it when the cistern is full. In this arrangement, as in the first described, the water is drawn from cistern G by an exhaust-cock; but by thev application and use of the double or compound valve C D, (see Fig. 2,) which is so arranged that one is open While the other is shut, C filling and D emptying the cistern, there is established a continuous automatic action without the use of the stop-cock, which may be entirely dispensed with.

The valve C is of ordinary construction and closes inwardly from the supply-pipe. 0n the same stein to which C is attached is secured in a reverse position the annular valve D', the seat of which is perforated for the escape of the water, as seen at a, Fig. 2, so that when C is open D is closed, and the water passes into the recipient. lVhen C is closed and D open, the water escapes through the perforated seat into an outer jacket, and is thence carried off. A modification ot' valves C D is represented at C D, Fig. 3. In both these forms the device alternates the filling and emptying the recipient to which it is attached, and is subjected to little or no friction or resistance, each requiring' little play of the float and being kept closed by the very pressure it resists. There being no jacket required in connection with the valves C D, the tluid escapes freeiy.

It is obvious, upon the slighest consideration and inspection, that my invention is susceptible of a great variety of combinations, and that by the employment of several sets of eisterns water may be raised by a system of relays to almost any reasonable point of elevation, and that the pressure in one inferior cistern may be exerted through the agency of impure water, while in another it is exerted 'through Ithe medium of pure water, &e.

In the p 1aetical use of such combinations or arrangements I render each cistern independent by placing near the top of the lower or i'nferior system, which may be said to have its representative in G, two valves similar to A B, for the admission of the air into and its transmission' from the eistern to which the valves are attached, and at the'top of each cistern of the second or superior system, a representative of which is presented in F, a double valve, C D l which, it will be remembered, is operated by a float for the admission of the compressed air into and its escape from the cistern with which it is connected, as is clearly shown at Fig. 3.

There being no necessary connection between the contentsot the two cisterns or sels of cisterns, it is plain that any liquid may be` acted upon with the same facility as water, and that hence alcohol or hot water may be raised by cold or pure or impure water, the elevations obtained being regula-ted by or in proportion to the relative density ofthe iuids employed.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is ,s

The combination of the double or compound valves C D and C D with the cisterns G and F and simple valve G, when these several parts are constructed and conjointly operate substantially as'described, for the purpose set forth.

v JAS. FRERET. Witnesses:

Jos. I. CoULoN, HUGH M ADDEN.

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