US552606A - Corn-husking machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Modem' 6 sheets-sheet 1.. L. S. CAMPBELL 86 I. WOODRING.

CORN HUSKING MACHINE.

' No. 662,606. 126.6611666 Jan. '7, 1696.

W/TNESSES.'

L. S. CAMPBELL & I. WOODRING.

CORN HUSKING MACHINE.

, No. 552,606. R' Patented Jan. '7, 1896.

ANDREW EBRAHAM. PHUTO-IJTHUWASIUNGI'UN. 0.0

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(No M'oae.) r 6 snets-sheet 5. L. S. CAMPBELL 81;' I. WODRING.

\ CORN HUSKING MACHINE.

Batented Jan. Y'7, 1896.'

N 552,606. f" l, h lf2/g. my@ lg w/TNESSES.-.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheel 6.

f 4L. s. CAMPBELL 6 1. WOODRING.

' CORN HUSKING MACHINE.

` No. 662,666. Patented Jan. 7', 1896.

w/'r/vEssEs.' u 6 /NvEN'ToHs AN DREW B,GR^HAM. PHOTwLfTHDWASHN GTON. D.C

section.

llNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAVRENCE S. CAMPBELL AND ISAAC VOODRING, OF VAVERLY, IOWA.

coRN-HusKlNc Mael-HNE.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 552,606, Adated January L7, 1896.

Application ledNovemher 25, 1893. Serial 1\To.49l.,963` (No model.)

thereon, which form a part of this speciiication.

Our invention consists of an improvement` in the apparatusfor husking corn, and is adapted particularly for treating green corn` preliminaryto preparing it for eating or canning purposes.

rlhe principal object of the invention is to provide a machine which will Ydivest the corn of its husk in a quicker and more eflicient A further object is to husk theA corn Without bruising or tearing the grains.

Various other objects are contemplated by our invention, and which will fully appear hereinafter. Y

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the machine for carrying out our invention, Figure 1 represents a side elevation thereof; Fig. 2, an elevational view of the left side; Fig.3, a similar view of the opposite side partly in section; Fig. 4, a plan view. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a portion of the conveyer having the pivoted sections and the support for releasing the pivoted sections alternately. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a pivoted Fig, 7 is a detail view of a portion of the chain or band by means of which the pivoted sections are supported. Fig. 8 is a Vdetail view of the critters for severing the husks longitudinally, the conveyer operating with the cutters, and the initial conveyer for carrying the ears to the butt-cutter. Fig. 9 is a detail View of a sprocketwheel for supporting the chain or band of the conveyer having the pivoted sections. Fig. l'O is a detail view of the stripping mechanism. Fig. 1l is a side elevation of the stripping mechanism. Fig. l2 is a detail view of the reciprocating knives which work in connection with the stripping-rolls. Fig. 13 is a detail view of the end of t-he support, by means of which the pivoted sections are held in a closed position, showing its attachment with the frame.

The letter A indicates the frame of the machine; a, the drive-shaft to which the power for operating the machine is applied by means of the crank-wheel a. If the conditions attending the machine will admit, the crank-wheel a' may be substituted by a pulley. The drive-shaft extends longitudinally of the machine and is journaled in the boxes a2 and a3. Box a2 is fixed rigidly to one of the cross-bars A2 of the frame A, while the box a3 is firmly secured or formed integral with the post or upright B, which is in turn rigid with the frame A. This bar and its functions will be more fully described hereinafter.

The drive-shaft a extends a short distance beyond the box ai and is provided at a point near its extremity with a circular cutter B, Which is fixed thereto so as to revolve in unison with the shaft. Secured rigidly to this shaft and one on each side of the cutter B are the pulleys B2, which are of such a radius as to leave but a small portion of the cutter B' exposed, in practice probably one-third of an inch. Over these pulleys the carrier-belts B3 are arranged and the belts extend parallel with each other to the pulley Bit j ournaled in the box b, which is in turn adj ustably secured to the right-hand side of the frame' by means of the transverse slots b and screws b2.. The belts B3 are driven by the pulleys B2 and are adapted to carry the corn to be husked to the slitting-cutter B and its companion b3. This latter cutter b3 is fixed to the inner end of the shaft h4 and directly above the cutter B', rollers C being fixed to the shaft b4 on each side former C being fixed to or formed integral IOO with the rock-bar C3, which is in turn journaled in one of the standards A of the frame A, and in the vertical arm CAL arising from one of the cross-bars A2, so as to be capable of a limited oscillatory movement, while the box C2 is arranged in a vertical slot c of the post or upright B, so as to be capable of movement therein, and the box is given a normal tendency toward the lower en d of the slot by means of the rod c' iixed to the box and extending vertically through the opening c2, and provided with a spring c2 whereby the box and rod attached are pushed down only to be lifted by overcoming the force of spring c3. By this means it will be seen that the cutter h2 may be lifted from the cutter B a limited distance and that, owing to its relation to the spring c2, it is always attended by force enough to make it act properly on the corn being passed under it. Fixed to the shaft a at a point near the box a2 is a pinion c4 which meshes with the pinion c5 of the shaft h4, and by means of the two motion is transferred from the shaft a to the shaft l. It will be understood that these gears c4 and c5 will engage each other at all times, irrespective of the vertical play allowed to the rear end of the shaft U1, for it will be obvious that this vertical movement will be hardly appreciable at the pivotal point of the shaft or the box C, and that the small amount of play which is present will affect in no way the coaction of the pinions c4 and c5.

Fixed to the shaft a just inside the bearing a3 and revolving therewith is a bevel-gear D, which meshes with a corresponding gear D iixed to the upper end of the vertical shaft D2. This shaft D2 is journaled in the boxes D2, each fixed to the upright B and one of the frame-standards A', and the shaft extends down to a point near the lower portion of the machine. Secured to the lower extremity of the shaft D2 is a second beveled pinion D, which meshes with a similar pinion d fixed to the horizontal shaft d', which shaft is journaled in boxes d8 of the adjacent frame-stand ard A. By this means motion is transmitted from the shaft a to the shaft d e-a the shaft D2 and connecting-gears.

Keyed to the shaft d at a point midwayits bearings is a large belt-pulley Z2 over which a band or belt cl2 operates, and this belt cl2 extends to the pulley d" of the shaft E. The shaft E is journaled in the horizontal frame E formed by two parallel bars secured to two of the standards A and to a similar number of counter-braces A2 and projecting forward at the front standard A for a slight distance. The shaft E extends across the frame E/ and has the saw-toothed or circular cutter E2 fixed to its outer en d and projecting above the frame.

.lournaled in the front extremity of the frame E by means of the arms E2 is a drum E4 over which one end of the carrier e operates, the carrier extending the entire length of the frame and between the side bars thereof.

with the ribs or iianges F, equidistant from each other and adapted to have the corn to be husked placed across the belt and between each two ribs.

Fixed to the left-hand extremity of the shaft d is a pinion F which meshes with the spur-gear F2 of the horizontal shaft F3, whereby the latter shaft is revolved. This shaft is j ournaled in theboxes F* on the frame of the machine and has fixed to its left-hand end beyond the bearings a small drive-pulley f, over which the belt or band f/ operates. f2 indicates a large band-pulley driven by the belt f from the pulley j', and the pulley f2 is fixed to the left-hand extremity of the shaft f3, which is in turn journaled in the arms f4 and G, which arms extend out rearwardly from the frame of the machine. The arm f4 projects out horizontally and is braced by the arm G, which is fixed to its end and to the frame of the machine below the arm f4, while the arm G is curved in the arc of a circle, first up above the frame and thence down to the level of the shaft The purpose of this peculiar construction will be apparent later on. The remaining or right-hand end of the shaft f3 is provided outside of its bearings with a second band-pulley G2 which y eo-operates with the band G3, and whereby power is transmitted to the shaft G4 through the medium of the pulley g fixed to its lefthand end. Shaft G"L is that which carries the drum d, and is j ournaled, as before explained, in the arm e2 and box e5, whereby the drinne', and hence the carrier e, is operated.

Secured firmly to the shaft f2 between and directly adjacent to its bearings are the disks g', which are two in number, and have formed integral with their peripheries the studs g2, equidistant from each other and provided with the indentations or notches g3 at their ends. Journaled in the bearings g4, which bearings are adj ustably secured to the front portion of the machine by means of the slotand-screw connection H, is a revolving shaft H, to which is affixed the disks H2, similar to the disks g in shape and size. Over these disks g and H2 the endless carrier or conveyer H2 operates. This carrier consists of two chains H4 formed of short sections of wire bent first in the shape of an elongated U, and having each arm of the U bent around the base or horizontal portion whereby the sections are connected and a chain with regular cross-bars h is formed. Cross-bars h are adapted to be related to the disks g and H2 that they will match with the notches g3 of IOO IIO

each disk, so as to form a positive -connection between the chain and the disk H2 to be driven.

Rigidly secured to each link or section of the chains H4, and midway the bars 7L, are the eyes 7L', which are directly opposite each other on the two chains andare adapted for the reception of the pivots h2 of the pivoted carryn ing devices h2. These devices 77,3 are formed of a sheet of metal bent longitudinally at right angles with the portion h4, larger and consequently heavier than the other, which fact will give that portion a tendency to hang down vertically. This, however, is prevented by the fingers I, which are secured rigidly to each of the portions 7a4 and which bear against the device directly in front of the one to which it is attached, whereby each of such devices is supported by its neighbor, when they occur on the upper side of the disks g and H2 but when they are carried on the under side of the disks the operations of the fingers I cease, and the heavy portion 7b4 would drop down but for the supports or tracks l and l2 upon which such portions rest and travel. The track l is secured to one of the cross-bars A2 at the lefthand front of the machine and extends upwardly until the level of the lower periphery of the disks g and H2 is reached, where it changes its course and proceeds rearwardly and downwardly parallel with the lower half of the carrier until the rear end of such is reached, whereupon it curves around and up the rear left-hand disk g to the level of the upper half of the carrier, where it ends. The track l2 is arranged under the right-hand edge of the carrier and begins at a point near the latters rear end. From thispoint it follows the carrier and curves up and around the rear end, as was the case with the companion track l. Thus it will be seen that by means of the tracks I and I2 the heavy' portions h4 of the carrying device 71,3 are supported during their passage on the under side of the disks g and H2, excepting at the points directly over the husk-strippin g devices, where the track l2 and the devices H2 are constructed so as to leave the carrying devices or sections h3 without support and hence allow them to drop.

The carrier H3 is adapted to receive the ears of corn after having been slit longitudinally by the knives B and b2 and to carry such corn to the devices for stripping it of the cut husks. Now it is for this reason that the peculiar construction attending this part of the invention is employed, so that the corn may be carried to the husk-strippers and then automatically dropped into them.

The letters l3 and 14 indicate two stripping devices which are arranged below the carrier H2, and the carrier is adapted to drop alternately into one stripper and then into another. To attain this end every other one of the carrying devices 7b3 is constructed on its left-hand end shorter than those adjoining, `and the track l is constructed with two `notches t' and c" in its edge, which are so related to the left-hand ends of the carrier devices 7t3 that when the devices whose ends have been shortened pass over the opening 1I the shortened end will clear the side of the notch and allow the heavy portion of the bucket or carrying device h3 to drop to a vertical position and thereby deliver the corn to the stripper l3 or the one which is near the rear end of the machine. Owing to the in- Y creased length of the buckets or carrying devices h2 that have not been shortened these will pass the notch c', but the notch c" over the stripper l4 is so formed that the edge of the carrying device will clear it and drop, as did the shortened ones when they reached the notch t, and deliver its contents intothe stripper I4. Thus it will be seen that when an ear of corn is fed to every one of the sections or devices 7b3, the corn will beconveyed to the strippers and one ear dropped into the stripper I3, for example, while the next or contiguous ear is dropped into the stripper I4, and so they alternate until all the corn has been acted upon. 4

The stripping mechanism consists of the two frame-pieces t2 and i3, secured to the frame of the machine by means of the bars or rods t4 which pass from the frame i2 to the frame i2, and thence to the cross-bar or brace A2 of the machine-frame, the rear bar 4 passing directly through the frames, while the front bar is connected to them by means of the links K and by the adjustable arm K5, which is secured to the cross-arm A2. Journaled in the frames i2 and 3 are six, preferably rubber, rolls K arranged in sets of three each, and each set comprising thestrippers 13 and I4, described before. The rolls K of each set are arranged so as to form a trough for the corn, and are inclined so that the ears of corn when placed therein will gravitate down such incline and outat the lower end. W'hen this happens the corn will have been stripped of its husks. Located on the upper portion of the frames t2 and 'i2 and rigidly secured thereto are the scrapers K3 and K4. The scraper K4 is triangular in cross-section and is arranged between the two sets of rolls so that one of its edges will operate on one set and one on the other set, while the two Scrapers K3 are located so that they will operate upon the outside rolls of each set, the whole being arranged so that they will lie parallel with the rolls, and as the corn is revolved between the latter they will operate to scrape the rolls and to prevent the corn and husks from following the rolls in the latters revolutions. The rolls K are driven by power derived from the shaft d', transmitted by means of a sprocket-wheel 7n fixed to the lshaft over which the chain 7c operates, and this chain passes upand over the sprockets 7a2 and 702 mounted respectively upon the extended shafts 7a4 and L of the rolls K2, the ends of said shafts being j ournaled in one of the crossbars A2 of the frame A. Fixed to the shafts 7c4 is a pinion-gear L which meshes with the spur-gear L2 fixed to the shaft L5 of the roll adjacent to the one driven by the IOO TIO

shafts 7a4 whereby the said roll is driven, while the remaining roll of the strippers I3 is driven by the gears L3 and L4 fixed to the shafts 7a4 and Z, Fig. 4, respectively. The rolls of the stripper Il are driven by the shafts L, which is in connection with the gears Z', Z2 and Z3 attached to the several shafts of the rolls comprised in said stripper. Thus the rolls K of the several strippers are made to revolve and to impart to the ear of corn in each a similar movement whereby the corn is subjected to the action of the stripping-rolls, and whereby the husks are torn off the ear. This will be more fully described hereinafter.

In order to still further prevent the husks and silk of the corn from becoming entangled with the rolls K", we provide the cleaningknives M, which are four in number, two for each stripper, andthe cleaning-knives of each stripper are secured to the bars M', which extend parallel with the rolls and are connected at their forward end by the rods M2, while their rear ends are formed with the ears M2. Secured rigidly to the frames 2 and and eX- tending parallel with each other and with the rolls K are the rods M4, which are two for each stripper, and to which the bars lV' are connected by means of the perforations m., formed in the rods M2 and ears M2. This connection is a sliding one, so that the bars M and their attached knives will be allowed a reciprocating movement in a lin'e parallel with the rolls K. This reciprocating movement is attained by means of the arms m, formed integral with the rods M2 and projecting outwardly therefrom to the right. Pivotally connected to the ends of these arms are the pitmen 'm2, which extend across the machine to the right-hand side, where they are connected to the crank-disks m2, secured one to each end of the shaft m4. Shaft 'm4 is journaled in the parallel vertical rods N, secured to the frame of the machine and arranged between the disks m2, and the shaft has fixed thereto between the rods N a large band-pulley N, over which the band N2 operates. The band N 2 extends upwardly to the drive-shaft a, and there it passes over the drive-pulley N2. By this means the motion of the shaft a is transmitted to the shaft m4 and from thence to the knives M. The edges of these knives are roughened or toothed like those of a grass-cutter and lie flush with the under side of the rods, so that as fast as the husks and silk accumulate on the rolls it is cut off, and byy means of a jet of water directed on the rolls they may be kept as clean and as free from gum as could possibly be necessary. N4 indicates an auxiliary knife, whichis fixed to the brace n of the frames t" and Z2 and which lies flush with one of the rolls and with one of the reciprocating knives M. This construction cuts the husks, the., from the rolls more effectively than the reciprocating knives alone, but will not generally be needed, as the latter are perfectly efficient to remove all ordinary accumulations.

By reference to the drawings the operation of our invention may be traced as follows: The machine having been started by the appli cation of power to the shaft a, and the several parts put in motion as before described, the operator or attendantfirst places an ear of corn on the endless belt e between the slats thereon and allows it to pass under the drum or .roll ES which holds it in such a position that its butt or the stalk end will be cut off by the rotary cutter E2. The ear may then be reversed and its top cut off, though this is not essential. After the ear has been thus treated it is allowed to be carried rearwardly until the end of the carrier e is reached, when it drops from such and onto the traveling belt or carrier B3. Then this belt is reached the ear will be dropped lengthwise on and between the two belts and will be carried by them to the rotary slitting-cutters B and h2, between which it is passed and sim ultaneously cut lengthwise or longitudinally, As the ear passes to the left of the knives B and b3 it is pushed, owing to the momentum gathered by it in the passage, under the curved arm G and onto the upper side of the lower half of the endless carrierlls. By this latter device the corn is carried forward and dropped into the stripper that is related to the carrying device or section 7c3 in which the corn is located, in accordance with the mode of operation before explained. Here the ear is caught between the rolls K and started to turning in the trough of the stripper, and as this progresses the husks and silk are grasped bythe two rollers nearest (in each stripper) to the rear of the machine and torn off the ear. As soon as the ear reaches the rolls K it is started downwardly during the husking process, and when it reaches the lower side of the rolls it will drop oif them. This completes the operation. The corn is fed to the carrier e, one ear between each two of the ribs thereon, and at this rate one ear will be fed to every one of the sections h2 on the carrier H2.y This will keep every part of the machine engaged in the performance of its function during the operation above described.

It will be understood that we have provided two independent strippers and a peculiarlyconstructed carrier only to increase the capacity of the machine, and that, if so desired, the number of the strippers may be reduced to one, or il' the machine be constructed on a larger scale the strippers may be indefinitely increased. This will not change the gist of the invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a corn husking machine, the combination of a pair of oppositely disposed rotary cutters, yielding bearings for one of the said cutters, an endless carrier supported at one end upon the relatively fixed cutter and receiving motion therefrom, and stripping rollers arranged to grasp the slitted edges of the IOO IIO

husks and strip them from the ears of corn by a pulling and tearing action, substantially as described. y

2. In a corn husking machine, the combination of oppositely disposed rotary cutters, a yielding bearing for the upper' cutter, and an endless conveyer mounted at one end on the lower cutter shaft and having portions disposed to travel on opposite sides of the said cutter, substantially as described.

3. In combination a cutter to remove the end of the husk, a conveyer to carry the ears of corn crosswise against the said cutter, a second cutter to slit the husk longitudinally, a second conveyer to carry the ears of corn lengthwise to the said second cutter, and stripping mechanism to remove the husk from the ear, substantially as described.

4. In combination two shafts disposed in parallel relation and connected to be positively rotated, one of the shafts being mounted in fixed bearings, the other in movable bearings, rotary cutters mounted on the ends of the shafts in coincident relation, an endless conveyer disposed to travel between the cutters, and a husk stripping mechanism, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a corn husking machine, of a circular husk cutting blade revolving upon a iixed axis, two parallel carrying belts operating on the axis of said cutter and arranged one on each side thereof, whereby a conveyer for carrying the corn to the blade is formed, and a second husk cutting blade operating with the iirst, substantially as described. l G. In a corn huskin g machine, the combination with a cutter for slitting the husk longiy tudinally of the ear, and aseries of husk stripping mechanisms, of a `conveyer to carry the ears of corn fromthe said cutter to the husk stripping mechanisms and depositing the ears alternately Vto the two setsof huskers,` sub-l stantially as described, i

7. In a cornhusking machine, the combina-` tion with a cutter for slitting the husk longitudinally of the ear, and a series of husk strip-g ping mechanisms, of a conveyer comprising a series of pivoted dropsections which receive the ears of corn after the husk is slit and carry it to the husk stripping mechanisms, and a support to sustain the pivoted sections and release them to drop the ears alternately to the husk stripping mechanisms, substantially as described. i

8. A machine for husking corn, comprising the combination of a cutter,whereby the husks of the corn are cut or slitted, two stripping devices for removing the cut husks, a conveyer for carrying the corn from the cutter to the stripping devices, and a support at the lower side of the conveyer, whereby its carrying sections are prevented from dumping, the support having formed therein over the stripping devices two breaks or openings of such a size in relation to the carrying sections that every other section willbe allowed to dump the corn into the first stripper, while the remaining sections are made to dump into the second stripper, substantially as described.

` 9. A machine for husking corn comprising the combination of a cutter for cutting the husks, a pair of rolls for stripping the husks from the ear, and a knife extending parallel with the rolls, and adapted to reciprocate simultaneously with the revolutions thereof, whereby the accumulation of husks, dac., .are removed from the rolls, substantially `as described.

l0. In a corn husking machine, the combination with stripping rolls, of a reciprocating knife extending parallel with and adapted to remove the husks from a stripping roll, and a fixed knife parallel with the reciprocating knife and its stripping roll to supplement the action of the reciprocating knife, substantially7 as described. i

In testimony whereof we affix our signai J. Y. I-IAzLn'rr,` i JAMEs ADAIR.

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