US51885A - Improvement in steam-engines - Google Patents

Description

`v`UNTTEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE B. WHITING, OF VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IMPROVEMENT INl STEAM-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 5E,SS5, dated January 2, 1866.

To all 'whom it 'may concern:

Beit known that I, GEO. B. WHi'rING, ofthe city of Washington, in the District 0f Columbia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is an end elevation. longitudinal vertical section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts of the several gures.

The nature of myinvention consists in making a cylinder for areciprocatin g steam-engine with a Xed central cylindertrunk for the steam-chest, which communicates with steam and vacuum chambers, which are made in one or both ol' the cylinder-heads, as the case may require,the trunk having steam-ports leading into the cylinder and fitted with a balance piston-valve, which is operated by any of the usual methods, the object of my invention being to diminish the capacity of the passages leading from the steam-ports to the cylinder to the least possible space and reduce the weights and bulk of the engines, at the same time providing theengine with an equilibriumvalve.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct my cylinder without the usual valve-face, steam-ports, and steam-chest, and substitute in their place a ixed central cylinder-trunk, A, the axis of the trunk coinciding with the axis of the cylinder. The trunk Ais made with suitable steam-ports a b, which communicate with the cylinder B B, and is fitted with a balanced piston-valve, C. One cylinder-head, D, is made hollow and divided into two chambers, E and F. E is the steamchamber, the steam entering through the induction-opening Gr, as shown by arrows. F is the exhaust-chamber, the steam passing out through the eduction-opening H. One end of the trunk is made with a surrounding-case, which is subdivided into two or more compartments or passages c o d d e eff, which open into the trunk. The passages c d e f' communicate with the steam-chamber E, while Fig. 2 is a the passages c d e f lead into the cylinderB B. The trunk A' is secured to the cylinderhead D by flanges g g', which close the steam and vacuum chambers E F from the'cylinder when the valve C covers the ports a b.

To allow for the variation of expansion of the cylinder and trunk, and to facilitate the adjustment and removal ot' the head I, I make one end of the trunk A with the steam-port b in a separate piece, and secure the same by the flange h to the cylinder-cover I, making a vacuum-tight joint, and connect it with the other part of the trunk by the tongue and groove i, the tongue being secured to flange h by a suitable number of webs, jj. The end of the main portion of the trunk serves as a margin for the port b, so that the steam lead will not be aii'ected by the variation which may occur in the length ot' the trunk by expansion or the adjustment of the cylinder-head I.

l make the piston-valve O ahollow cylinder open at each end, and having the required cross-area through its whole length, which serves as an exhaust-passage from the steamport B to the vacuum-chamber F. The annular space J J around the valve is used as a steam-chamber, in common with the steamchamber E, being united by passages c d ef, as above described. I fit the valve C with a set of metallic packing-rin gs, 7a l, foreach steamport, and make the outside ring of each set in two parts, as is usual; but to prevent any liability of variation on the wearing-surfaces of the rings m a and o p, while passing the ports ct b, I imite them with a tongue and groove, 1'. I likewise make grooves s s on the outer surfaces of the inner rings, and make the inner surfaces of the outer rings with tongues which lit the grooves s s, and secure the outer rings to the valve. 4I adjust the rings by any ofthe usual methods in use. The valve is fitted with a stem, t, which is secured to boss a, the stem passing through the stuffing-box o, and unites with the proper connections for receiving the motion required.

The pistou K Kis made annular, and tted, as in the usual manner, with metallic packingrings on its circumference. It is likewise fitted with metalling packing-rings w, working on the trunk A. V

W W are the piston-rods, also itted in the usual manner.

Operation: The steam being admitted to the annular steam-chamberJ J, as above described, and the port ct opened ou the steam side, the steam enters the cylinder behind the piston through passages c d cf, While the port bis opened on the exhaust side, the steam passing out of the cylinder B B through the valve C into theeXhaust-chamber F. Vhen steam is taken on the opposite side of the piston and the port a opened on the exhaust side the steam passes out through the passages c l into the exhaust-chamber F, and out of it through the eductioiropening H, as indicated by arrows.

Having thus described my invention, WhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Arranging the induction and eduction valve of a reciprocating steam-en gin 3 so as to Work Within and through the piston, substantially as described.

2. The fixed central cylinder-trunk, A, with steam ports and passages, as described.

3. In combination with the fixed"y central cylinder-trunk, A, the piston-valve (l, steamchamber E, vacuum-chamber F, and annular piston K K, substantially as described.

GEO. B. WHITING.

Witnesses:

JAMES H. GRIDLEY, E. B. FoRBUsH.

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