US484258A - Grain - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I 2 Shets-Sheet 2.

J.'SLOAN. DEGORTIGATING GRAIN.

No. 484,258. Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

TNE'NDRRIS Prrsis co rnu'ro-urno wnsummau, n. 'c.

UNIT D STATES PATENT Grrrcs.

JULES SLOAN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

DECORTICATING GRAIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,258, dated October 11, 1892.

Application filed April 18 J 1890. Serial No. 348,487- (No model.) Patented in Belgium January 8, 1890, No. 66,732; in France January 9, 1890, No. 189,931, and in England Pebruaryl, 1890, No. 1,772.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULEs SLOAN, engineer, of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in an Apparatus for Decorticating Grain, (E01 which I have obtained Letters Patent in Belgium, dated January 8, 1890, No. 66,732; in France, dated January 9, 1890, No. 189,931, and in England, dated February 1, 1890, No. 1,772,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved apparatus for the hulling or decortication of corn or other grain.

The improved apparatus comprises two peculiarly fluted or corrugated cylinders or rollers, which instead of turning in opposite directions at differential velocities for obraining a decorticating action, as is most common with machines of this class, turn in the same direction, so that their contiguous faces will pass each other in opposite directions, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Moreover, my improved cylinders are further distinguished from ordinary reduction cylinders by the arrangement of the corrugations or their perimeters, which cannot by any means be directed in the same direction and angle on both cylinders which run at different speeds, because in this case the most of the grain would be crushed near one extremity of the cylinders without undergoing the desired rubbing action; but I have found it necessary in order to produce the best results to cause the corrugations of the two cylinders when rotating to cross at a determined angle corresponding most favorably with the action, which angle of crossing cannot, be constant, but, on the contrary, varies with the rapidity with which the cylinders rotate. In fact, that action on the grain passing between the cylinders depends in part upon the time that the crossed corrugations employ in making it pass, so that the more rapidly the cylinders turn the less the corrugations ought to be inclined. In order to fix the idea it can be said that if an inclination of fifteen degrees for the corrugations of a roll corresponds to a rapidity of rotation of one hundred turns it would be necessary that this inclination be about five degrees for a rapidity of three hundred turns, and the degree of opening of the which tends to throw it upward and the other i to take it downward, is caused to turn during the time which it remains between the two cylinders or rollers. The cylinder or roller tending to carry the grain downward is rotated at a great velocity, while the cylinder or roller which has a tendency to throw it upward is turned more slowly, so that after a certain number of turns the former cylinder or roller conveys the grain through the space between it and the center or the nearest point of contact with the second cylinder or roller, whereupon this grain falls downthat is to say, after it has passed through all the phases of the hulling or decortication. When the grain passes between the cylinders or rollers and performs its first turn, it will be slightly cracked, after which it is hulled, and

on passing the center the granules still attached to the barn are detached. It is not intended to effect the hulling or decortication of the grain according to my invention in a single operation, but in two, three, or.rnore successive reducing operations, one of which serves for the removal of the outer parts and the other or others for completing the cleansing of the bran.

I will now proceed to describe the preferred form of my improved apparatus (shown in the accompanying drawings) for hulling or decorticating corn or other grain.

In said drawings, Figure l is a transverse sectional elevation ofa mill embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation representing the differential gearing for driving the cylinders at difierent rates of speed in the same direction. Fig. 3 is a top plan representation of the cylinders, showing the dress.

A is a suitable hopper supported above the cylinders for feeding and distributing the grain to be hulled or decorticated. This distribution is effectedautomatically, according to the quantity of the grain in the said hopper, which is an indispensable condition in automatic hulling operations. A spring-controlled gate arranged in one side of the hopper yields each time when the quantity of the material is increased in the hopper and-a-llows the excess to pass. Accordingly the distribution takes place in direct proportion to the quantity of material which is in the hopper. This distributing device may be of any suitable construction. The grain .thusidisa tributed falls between the two cylinders or rollers, one of which B is held in ifixedibearw ings and is revolved ata high -velocit-ypwhile the other C, which revolves at a small velocity, is mounted in two sleevesMrfonmed-in the upperends of levers E,whieh.areiadapted to oscillate upon their axis 'J hrongh the lowerend of each of the aforesaid ilevers E extends a rodG, surrounded by a spring K, which iisconfined thereon between tiheflower end ofone of the levers E-andthetendicif "the rod G bymeans of screw-nuts K, engaging inders or rollers to reoedegfiromxthe'otherziln case pieces of iron 201' the like shouldipass between them. The aforesaid 'I'OdStG' :ame ipro-- vided at their opposite @ends with remlangements or eyes G, which are mounted upon suitable eccentrics controlled ibyta'n tQPfiiifliting-lever J. This lower is secured nponithe shaft 1 of thersaid eccentries which :Si1&fzil:ex-. tends through :the entire midthsof t'he aippa ratus and carries an.eceentriciateaehiendiand serves to establish a connection thQbW9Il the two ileversE,-.so itha-t they mayibe snowed in unison.

The flutes or eorrugationsion athe-snnfiaee-of the cylinders =or -rollers iBand LC :are I arranged r spirally, left-handed thneadsbeing .fonmed on 1 one of the cylinders or n'ollersiand mighthanded threads on the other,-.assho-wn;in Fig. 3. The inclinations-of the th readson :the .two cylinders or rollers must not be eqn-ahibutin inverse ratio to the velocity impartedzto :the saidcylinders or rollers. :For example, ifithe cylinderor roller which tends ito throw :thegrain upward makes fifty"revolutionszand-tbe cylinder or roller which tends $0 carry the grain downward makes one hundredandififity revolutions the first is rprovided with :lefthanded threads extending rat an inclination of seventy-five millimeters :in three hundred. and fifty millimetersiand the secondwviithithe rollers are,-however,-substituted for the fluted cylinders or rollers.

- As'hereinbefore stated, the cylinders B and C are run in the same direction at difierent rates of speed, the speed corresponding to the inclinations of the corrugationson the cylinders. "For accomplishing this purpose I providethe 'journal'ends of the cylinders B and C with thedifierential gear-wheels B and C,

respectively, which are geared together by the intermediate gear 19., the cylinder -B being driven by the handpulley B .on its epposite journal end. i :It is quite iclearithat :byehangi-Itg :thedilierential gear :between the twooylinders itheir erelatiivespeeds of revolution ean be arranged ,tosuihanyichangezin the relation of their corrugation s.

Having'now fully described my saidinvention and in what manner-the same has to be performed, what Ie612ti=mri$- 1. Theccomzhination of the rotatable roll B and =the rotatable n'oll Q,arranged to rotate :in

the same direction at diEerentspeeds,-one of said rolls hearing left handispirali corrugations andtthe other thawing right-hand spiral corrugations, substantially asset ifonth.

Themomhination of the coil B and the roll -.C., :arnanged to rotate "in the same direc- 'tion at diifierentspeeds one .of said rolls havinglefit-handspiralieornugationsandthe other night1hand spiral icorrugations, ithe inclina- 'tionsiof vsaid tcorrugations 'being arranged in pivoted ilevers E,rrods =G, passingthrongh the .lomerends .of said levers and provided with eyes*G,.springs.K,seated-on said rods :and corriiuedagainst thezlowerend-sof levers E, shaft -I, marrying eccentrics which engage in the eyes 1G, and a lever .J :fOI operating said eccentrics, substantially as set forth.

In :testimony whereof -I have hereunto set myhand this 27th dayof February, 1890.

. JU'IIE'S SLQAN. Witnesses:

.HU. @CERNETHE, E-vnnnrr.

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