US47070A - dwelley - Google Patents

Description

dicated by the line Unrrnn Sn'rns armer @risica SlIlAS SAFFORD PUTNAM, AND LUCIUSH. DWELLEY, 0F DORGHESTER, MASS., ASSIGNORS TO S. S. PUTNAM 8a OJ., OF BR'JOKLYN, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR MAKING NAlLS FR HORSESHOES.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No.1l7,070, dated March 28,1865.

To all lwhom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SILAS S. PUTNAM, and LUCIUS H. DWELLEY, of Dorchester, in

' the count-y of Norfolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improved Machine VJfor Making Horseshoe-Nails, of which the tollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, referencebein g had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in whichj Figure 1 is a perspective view of our improved machine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vervtica-l section through the center of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through a portion of the machine, taken in the direction in- Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an elevation of one side of the jaws for cutting o'-3he nail. Fig. 5 is -a view of a horseshoenll i Our invention .relates to 4that class of" ma chines i'n which the nail is made directly from .the rod; and it consists in forming the nail by means of levers or jaws arranged in pairs at right angles to each other, the motion of 'these levers as they operate on the nail-rod being regulated by a pattern or former placed be hind each lever, having a contour correspondf ing to one side of a iinished na1l,a suitable cutoibeingprovided to detach the finished vnail from the rod.

i To enable others skilled in the-art to understand and use our invention, we will proceed to describe the manner in which we have carried it ont. .A

In the said drawings, A is a bed of the machine, which supports the frame-work B in suitable bearings, a, in which runs the shaft C. This shaft carries at one extremity the driving-pulley D, and at the opposite lend the ily-wheel F is a crank on the drivingshaft C, the crank-'pin b of which works in a vertical slot in thefenlarged end of a bar, G,

which slides back and forth in a suit-able box, H, attached to the frame-work, To the oppo site end f this bar Gis attached the crosslhead I, to which are pivoted the ends of four levers or jaws, c d e f, which slide back and forth in a suitable frame or b'ox, J, supported on a post, K, rising from the bed A. These l levers, which are of the form shown in Figs. 2

and 3, are arranged. in pairs, and operate in planes at right angles to eaclr` other, being 'the' length' ot' allow the rolls g of both pairs of levers to opthe patterns and provided at their outer ends with friction-rolls g, by which the nail is drawn down to the re quired form, as will be more particularly explained hereinafter. The ends of one pair ot these levers, c d, extend a little beyond the ends of theoth-cr pair, ef, so as to allow the curved ends of the latter to project in betwern them, as seen inFigs. 1 and 2Tand give them a lead7 in operating on the nail-rod 20. This lead causes the rolls g of the side levers to operate on the nail in advance of thoseof the levers e f, thus attening and drawing it first in one direction and then in the other at each operation, in a similar manner to that in which an ordinary nail is drawn down by hand by hammering it alternately on opposite sides. The distance that these levers traverse longitudinally in either direction is greaterv than the nail to be made, so as to crate on the whole length of the nail.

We will now proceed to describe the manner in which the motions oil these levers to and from each other are controlled and regnlated to give the required fornil to the nail.

h i j k are patterns or toriners, against which the projections l of the levers are made constantly to bear by means of the springs m, which tend to force them apart, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3. Each of these patterns has a contour corresponding to the required form ot' one side of the nail, and thus as the levers are moved, by means of the connections already explained, in the direction ot' the' arrow, Figs. 2 and 3, the projections l will pass over the surfaces of the patterns and give the required motions tothe levers to produce a nail of the desired shape, the patterns being prevented` v 'from moving longitudinally by means of pins In, which are passed through the outside of the box J.

As the levers are only intended to operate on the'nail-rod when movin g. in the direction ofthe arrow 6 to draw down the nail, they are allowed to spring apart suiiiciently to clear the rod on their returnmotion, which is effected bythe following device: op are inclined pieces or wedges, which are placed" between the sides of the box J, and are moved back and forth a Short distance im termittently in the following manner: are pins projecting frotl opposite sides the be seen that as the cross-head I alternately ,against the opposite ends 7 and 8 of the slots r', and. thus move the wedges o backward and forward, as required, the pins n passing through slots s,

provided for the purpose, These wedges o are secured to.a frame, t, to which are attached the ends of the wedges p of thevupper and lower patterns,

h i, and the motion of the one is thus communicated to the other, 'the .operation of both pairs of wedges being similar. It will thus is traversed in thedirection of the arrowthe pinsq will strike the-ends Svof the slots r in 'the wedges of and withdraw them, together with the .wedges p, thus allowing the springs m to force the-ends of the leverscd e fa sutlicient distance apart to permit the rolls 'g to clear the nail-rod on the return motion of the levers.

Just before these. levers have reached the end of their traverseLin the direction contrary to the arrow the pins q strike against the ends7- of the slots r and throw forward the wedges op, thusforcing the patterns in toward each other and closing the rolls g upon the nail rod, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, so as to draw it down still farther on the next movement of the levers in the direction-of the arrow.

K is a post or standard rising from an'arm .projecting from the base`A,through anaperture in which the nail-rod 20 is fed into thel the center of-the machine in a line axial with space between the levers c d cf, a screw-clamp, u, or other suitable device being employed to hold the rod firmly while it isbeing operated upon by the levers. The cut-oft' or cutters for separating 'the finished nail yfrom the rod will nowybe described, their motions being so timed and regulated as to allow ofthe nail being submitted four times to the action of the rolls g before it is detached.

L is a pinion on the driving-shaft C, which gives motion, through the intermediate gear, M, to the gear N on the shaft 0, which runs in suitable bearings in the frame-work and carries at its opposite end the cam-wheel P, in the inner face of whichis formed the camgroove v, which is concentric with the periphery of the wheel P, with the exception of the double incline w, Fig. 1. In this groove o works the roll y, which is attached to the bent arm a' of the upper jaw, Q, whichl is pivoted to the frame-work at h', and carries the squareedged cutter c. At the oppositelend of the bent arm a is a roll, d', which works in an inclined slot, e', in the lower jaw, R, which is pivoted to the frame-work at f, and carries the` cutter g', which is provided with a knifeed ge,fas seen 1n Figs. 1,2, and 4, and thnsas the rolly passes from 9 to 10 in the incline w, as the wheel P is revolved, the bent arm a will be depressed, and, through theconnections explained, causethe jaws Q It to close together the rod, the jaws being and sever a nail from tion is performed while again opened asv the roll y passes from 10 to 11 in the incline, and retained in that position'l during the time. the roll is passing through the concentric portion of the groove c. The nail is thus cutoff without moving the nailrod from its original position, and this opera the ends of the levers are drawn back to thepoint ofthe nail, which falls out of the machine' when its, point is relieved by the. drawing-levers, and the cut off has `completed its movement, after which the rod is immediately fed forward for the next nail, so as to be in' readiness to be oper ated upon bythe levers' on their next traverse in the direction Vof the arrow, Figs. 2 and 3,

thus avoiding all loss of time in operating'thfmachine; and by thus lnalingboth jaws ol' tie cut-off movable and drawing lback the levers simultaneously the levers are prevented from 'interfering with the operation of the cut-oli'. By chan ging the relative size of lthe vgears by which motion is communicated from the drivingshaft C tothe cainwheel P the number of times that the nail is submitted to the action of the drawing-levers before it is cut-off can be varied as desired.

Operation: The parts being in the position represented in Fig. 1, and the machine being set in..l operation, the nail-rod 20, properly heated, is fed in a suticient distance to form` a nail through theaperture -in the standard K', when it is clamped tightly in place' by means of'the screw-clam p u. "The levers@ d e f, through the: connections vexplained, now

commence to travel back in thedirectionof' the arrow, Figs. 2 and 3,

terns, by which the motion of the rolls gis con- .trolled to give a form to the nail corresponding with the contour of the patterns employed. yAs the projections lof the side leversfej', pass over thefpatternsj k from 12 to 13, the rolls g will pass from 14 to 15 'on the rod 20, Fig. 3, to form the sides of -th'e head ofl the nail, and on striking the rounded portions 16 the level sY will be forced suddenly nearer together, forming the shoulder h under the head of the nail, and on passing from the points 17 to the points 18 the inclined surfaces of the patterns lwill causev the rolls g to gradually approach each other'toform the point of the nail. The upper pattern, h, has an incline, 19, which forms the inclined portion if, Fig. 5, of thel head of thenail,

and the lower pattern is made horizontal or slightly inclined to form the back of the nail.

When the levers have arrived at nearly the end of their traverse in the direction .of the arrow, the pins q on4 the cross-head I strike against the ends 8 of the slots 'r in the wedges o, which are thus drawn back, together with the wedges @connected therewith, by the 'frame ta distance equal to the remaining traverse of the'crosshead I, the slots s allowing of this motion of the wedges. This withdrawal of the wedges o p allows the patterns to be forced farther apart by means of the springs m, and permits the rolls g to be sepacausingv the projecA tions Z to ,pass over thesurfaces of the pat rated sufficiently to clear the nail-rod as the levers are traversed forward in a direction contrary to the arrow, during which time the pins qpass through the slots r in the Wedges o until thelevers have arrived at nearly the end p of their traverse in this direction, when they strike against the ends 7 of the slots r, when the Wedges o p are carried forward into the position 'represented in Figs. 1,' 2, and 3,' forcing the patterns in toward each other,

and causing the rolls `g to press firmly against the nailrod, when the levers are vagain traversed and the operation continue as before, the nail being alternately flattened .on opposite sides at each operation of the levers, thus gradually lengthening and drawing it down until it is completely finished with a Asquare and perfect pointby the last traverse of the levers. The distance that the levers traverse in either direction is suicient to enable the levers c d to operate on the point and the levers e f on the head of the nail, both sets of levers being' thus allowed to operate on the Whole` length of thevnalil. The operation of levers on the nailrod is repeated four times, when, by the revolntion ofthe cam-wheel l), the incline w is caused to strike the roll f1 and, through the connections explained, the-cutters closed to sever the nail from'the rod, and again immediately opened, when the operation continues as before,'a nail being cnt off at each fcomplete revolution of the Wheel P. LIt will. thus be seen that any desiredform` can be given to -the nail'by varying'tho form of the patternsemployed, and that each side of the n ail'may be made alike or of adilferent shape, as may be desired.

In the abovedescribed machine the nail-rod is fed in by hand and clamped While being` operated upon; but an' automatic or mecha-nical feedmay be employed 'without influencing the operation of the machine.

It is obvious that the mechanismemployed for the purpose of reciprocating,` the lcversc d ef, as well as that for operating the cut-off,

may be varied to a considerable extent Withonfideparting from the-spirit of our invention.

Instead of the vpatterns 7L k bein g moved toward and from the nail-rod by the Wedges o p and springs` m, they may be moved by other mechanical devices, such as'cains.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The drawing-levers cd le f, in combina- -tionwith the movable patterns IL tj k, operating.;r substantially as set forth.

2. .The levers or jaws c d ef, arranged in pairs, the patterns h ij k, the motion of which toward or from the nail-rod is controlled by the Wedges o p and springs m, or other suitabl'e mechanical device, in combination with the cutoff Q R, or its equivalent, operating y substantially as set forth.

3. Placing the ends of one pair of levers in advance of the'ends of the other pair, and

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