US47792A - Improvement in steam-engines - Google Patents

Description

G-.;B. BRAYTON STEAM ENGINE.

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Q/50% WJ THE uonms varias cn.. :moro-urne.. WASHINGTON, u, n

UNITED- STATES;

PATENT "OFFICE N i GEORGE .-E. Banvron, or Bosron, .MssAoHusErrs Y "MVROVEM'ENT N STEAMeENolNEs; i

V Speciicationforrning partofilietters latent No.1l175792, dated May 23, 1865..

To all whom it may concern Beit known thatl, GEORGE B. BnAYToN, formerly of Providence, Rhode Island, but now of Boston, in the county of Suffolk ,and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and-useful Improvementsin Steam Machinery;

and I hereby declare that thefollowin'g, taken in connection with the accompanying'drawings, is sucha'full, clear, and exact description of the same as' will enable others to make and usethe same.

This invention relatesto the valvular an:V

rangement of all kinds of reciprocating steamengines, and is designed to secure a simple vand easy mode of adjusting the cut-oli' of -the steam without its being necessary to interferewith or adjust any of the actual moving parts. Provision is at the same time made for the perfect ,balancing and rendering uniform the action'of reciprocatingsteam-engines.

.The main features of my improved steamengine consist in the combination, Cvvith'an ordinary slide or D valve, of a variable and `self-adjusting cut-off arrangement operated within the steamchest through the agency of cams and levers, or their mechanical equivalent-s, by the action of the governor. The manner in which the Vsame is or may be carried into eifect I have illustrated by the ap:

pllcationa of my inventio'nto an oscillating steam-engine, although it may With'but slight `and obvious modicationsbe applied to a stationary' engine. `In this instance the steam- -cylinder, which is hung` by means of hollow trunnions, through which the live and exhaust 1:steam are entered and exhausted, is provided fwith a steam-chest and the usual vports-43. c.,

the "induction and eduction steam-ports'and the middle exhaust or condenser-port. A D or slide valve, playing' onthe valve face or 'fseat, is actuated, in the manner hereinafter described, by meansy of a toe located within the exhaust-port. vSteamfrom the chestis ad- 'inittcd into the ports, not as; usual, by the slide-valve clearing the portz'.c.,at the sides of the said valvebut by means of channels cut through the slidel-valve-z'.e.,through auxiliary ports in the slide-valve, 4which auxiliary ports terminate on the face 'and at each end,respect vely, of the D-valve. Against theends of the D-valve play reciprocating valves, whose function it is to admit and' cut oft' steam automat# really at the proper times to insure equable and uniform action of the engine. Thisis effectedi in the' manner asfollows :1A governor of ycentrifugal action, of otherwise ordinary'cr suit-' able construction, revolved bymearisoiLgear or band froml some principal movin'glpart'oi,

the engine whose operation it is intended t'o equalize andrender uniform, actuates a'spinZ-f die to play up and down according to the ve-f locity of` revolutionimp'a'rted to the balls the governor. This spindle carries at its lower extremity a double wed ge,whi ch` in itsl up--and- A down motion is caused'to expand or contract inclines or cams. Against. these cams drin-'-y clines are'inoved, by the action ofjthe oscillat ing engine, a double cam-lever mounted .on the,

`end Vof a shaft which traverses thel rear` of the; steam-chest through a .suitable stuffing-box'.A

'ro the 'other ena of 'this shaft, within the .steam-chest, is secured a lever, from the face of which project Astuds whereby the bar centrally pivoted to the slide or D valve is tilted or oscillated. By this tilting-bar are carried and Worked the 4auxiliary valves on the side faces of the main slide or D valve.

.In the accompanying drawings I have shown'.-

an oscillating steam-engine constructed, arranged, and operating in accordance with this my invention.

Upona frame,jA, in suitable'bearings, 13","isv

hniigjthe lsteam-cylinder C,to which an oscillating motion is. imparted'by the piston-rod'E, workin g directly on a crank, F. The cylinder is' Y provided with steamportsjG and G andacentral exhaust-port, H, and lis surroun dedby a steam-chest, D, containin'gthe slide ory D valve- I, to which the slidemovement on the valve-face is given by means of a crank, J, mountedupon a rocking shaft, K, which traverses a stung-box in the loaclrof.A the steam-chest. 0n the outer end of the rock-shaft K'iskeyedv or otherwise secured, at its upper end, a lever, L `while its. loweiI end is engaged in, a socket, iii, fast to the frame, so as to'be stationary. The cylin` governor consisting of two or more balls .connected with a centralrod, which is raised itity of steam admitted will be such as to in- .'rod or spindle isprovided at its lower endv causes a dou `le or divided cam, W, held to- `-:rnor which passesv through the centerof the der in its oscillation carrying with it the 'shaft K, whose outside lever isengaged'in the stationary socket M, it will be understood that it Will impart a rocking motion' to the said shaft, which is transmitted to .the toe J. With this toe are combined two short toggle-A levers, N, which are pivoted in the recess, of the vmain slide-valve, aordinga'yielding connection, so that while the toe describes an arc of al circle the valves will-be moved along the plane surface of and in contact with the valve-seat. The slide-valve is, kept invplace and tru-ly guided in its course by means of a guide-bar, O, projecting from the chest-cover litting a grooveinthe top of the main valve. The main slide-valve is provided with auxiliary port-s P P",`thro'ugh which steam from the chest is admitted into the cylinder. These. auxiliary steam-ports in the main slide-valve are curved so as to-terminate, respectively, in the ends and under side of the slide-valve.` Against the ends ofthe main slide-valve play the auxiliary siide-valves Q and Q', which are mounted on a balance-beam, Rgpivoted to or. hung in the rear ofthe main or D valve. This balance-beaml receives its oscillatin g rnbvement in the manner as follows: Upon a .suitable bracket or standard, S, is mounted agovernor, T, of centrifugal action-z'. e., a

which arey jointedto arevolving shaft driven directly by the-engine, so that, according to the speed of revolution imparted'to the shaft, the balls diverge from or converge toward the axis of revolution. The balls arealso" or lowered in its sleeve according tothe position' of the balls, and consequently according to the speed ofthe engine, which is dependent upon the supply of steam., If theV speed of rotation exceed that calculated for safety,fthe supply of steam is to be diminished. This is effected in ordinarysteam-engilles by combining the governor with a throttle-valve in the main' steam ysupplyl pipe. Inthscase, however, the;l steam is cut oi' at each stroke of the piston', sogthat the quansure uniform action ofk the engine. This cutting ofi' is 'effected by the auxiliary slidevalves Q and Q. To 'thiseject the central with a doubleswedge, U, Which,as it moves up and d wn with the said central rod,-

gether by a spring, toudiverge or converge, according to the position Aof the wedge. This cam is located centrally in relation to the cylinder--vL e., in line with the axis of the gov- -runnion. Through the steam-chest on the -Vtia-lly as set forth.

.scribin g witnesses.

de of the governor passes another shaft, Y,

ticipated-inby a lever, Z, on the other endof the shaft Y, inthe interior of the chest,whi`ch lever is provided withlugs which are arranged immediately underneath the balance-beam R,

whereby the movement vthe cam-lever receives in its double oscillation-z. e., the oscillation,

-of the cylind-er and the oscillation on its own pointof suspensionis directly transmitted to the balance-beam, which operates the variable V.cut-oit .or auxiliary slide-valves. n By this arrangement or mode of connect- 'ing the rocking cam lever with the balancebeam the main slide-valve is permitted-"to reciprocate Without interfering with the operation of the auxiliary slide-valves..

'Having thus described inysaid invention and the manner'in which' the same is or may be carried into effect, I wouldobserve that I do Ilot Wish to be understood as limitingmy- .self to the precise rarra'ngement herein shown and described, nor as confining myself totheapplication 'of this invention to osci'llatin g en gines, it being obvious thatl this invention is susceptible of numerous modications .with out departure from theprinciple thereof; but w `What I claim-is* v I y 1. The variable and self-adjusting cut-off, arranged and operated .by the governor as described, for equalizing and rendering'uniform the action ofs'team-engines.

2.- Thecombination, with the 'ordinary slide4 or D yalve of auxiliary steam-portsand slidevalves',"`unde r the arrangement and for operation in the manner substantially as set forth.

`:s 3. The method herein described of connectfing the oscillating arm with the slide or D valve, aiording yielding-connection, so as to admit ofthe valve reciprocating along the plane surface of and in contact with the'valveface. y y 4. The method herein described of operat-V- ing the 'auxiliary'yalvcs, hung upon the end of an inert balance-beam by means of a rock-` inglever, yet sof as to admit of traverse motion -of the balance-beam, together with the main'valve, substantially as shown and described. v l

5. Regulating the actionof the auxiliary vor cut-o valves by means of the cam expansible by the action 'of the governor, substan- In' testimony whereof I-have. signed my nameto this specification before two subv l GEO. B. BRAYTON. Witnesses:

A. POLLAK, C. vlhurroiv.

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