US477521A - Type-writing machine - Google Patents

Description

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S. A. DEAN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 477,521. Patented June 21, 1892*..

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S. A. DEAN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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No. 477,521. Patented June 21, 1892.

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Patented June 21, 1892.

UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

SEWARD A. DEAN, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part `of `Letters Patent No. 477,521, dated June 21, 1892.

4pplication tiled November 18, 1891. Serial No. l1:12,?120. (No model.)

T0 all whom it 11i/ay concern:

Be it known that I, SEWARD A. DEAN, of Minneapolis, in the county ol Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain Improvements in Type-Triting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in type-writers, especially of the class designed for use in making type-written entries in books, although capable of being used for the purpose of writing upon single sheets of paper;

and my present invention relates particularly i to improvements in the type-Writer for which I have heretofore made application for Letters Patent of the United States, said application having been filed on the 1st day of September, 1890, Serial No. 364,025.

The objects I have in View are, first, to provide an improved type-writer which may be used either t'or writin g in books of any. size and thickness or may be used for Writing upon single sheets or tablets of paper; second, to provide an i mprovedbook-support upon which the book or paper to be written upon maybe placed and which will automatically adjust the book so as to bring its su rfaceinto proper position to be written upon; third, to provide improved means for feeding the book or paper for the line-spacing; fourth, to provide improved means for moving the book for the letter and wordspaeing; iiftlnto provide improved means for supporting the writing mechanism, so that it may be located at will over either part of the book-support, and thus be adapted for writing upon either page of an open book; sixth, to provide improved mechanism for operating the type-bars; seventh, to provide improved means for supporting the ribbon, and, eighth, `to provide improved mechanism for various parts of the structure of the machine.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this speciiication, Figure l is an end elevation of myimproved machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. View, partly in section, with the writing mechanism removed. of the writing mechanism and the means for supporting it. Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section on line a' :c of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail Fig. 3 is a plan Fig. 4 is a vertical section i plansection showing the writing mechanism with the operating keys and levers removed, and showing, also, the crossbar for supporting the Writing` mechanism. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are details of the means for operating the t type-bars and changing, when desired, from the upper tolower case characters, both sets of characters being arranged to be operated by a single set of keys. Fig. l0 is a transverse vertical section online Q/ y of Fig. l.v Fig. ll is a detail section on line ,e of Fig. lO. Fig. l2 is a detail section of the escapement. Fig. 13 is a section of the bar that supports the writing mechanism, showing, also, a portion of the writing mechanism and the lever for locking it. Fig. 14 is a plan view of the escapement-lever and the means for operating it.

In the drawings, 2 represents the main frame or base-plate of the machine, which may be ot any suitable size and construction. Upon this base-plate is mounted a transverselymoving carriage 3, which is preferably pro vided with suitable rolls or wheels 5 and moves upon rails 7, arranged upon the baseplate 2. The carriage is preferably provided with the lugs D, which engage suitable rails ll on the base-plate for the purpose ot' preventing the carriage from being moved trom the rails. This carriage is provided with a two-part support, which consists, preferably, of a skeleton frame 13, provided with a series of transverse supporting-rollers l5 and with upright guide-rollers 17, arranged at its cuter edge for the purpose of forminga bearing for the edge of the book that is supported upon said book-support. Each of these parts 'of the book-support is secured by brackets 1f) upon a cross-shaft 21, that is mounted in suitable `bearings 23 upon the base-plate 2. Suitable springs 25 are secured upon a shaft 2l and engage said brackets l0. Said springs are preferably connected at one end to said shaft and coiled around said shaft and connected at their opposite ends to .said brack;

ets. The' tension ot' said springs tends to move the booksupport upward and hold each part of said book-support, while at the same time permitting it to yield for the inser tion of a book of any thickness, and as the booksupport is made in two independent IOO parts or sections, each of which may move independently of the other, a book may be placed upon said support so as to bring any desired portion of the book upon either of said supports and still have the book lie flat open with the upper surface substantially horizontal or level.

For the purpose of adjusting the tension of the springs 25 the shaft 21 is capable of being rotated in its bearings 23, and is provided with a ratchet 27, that is engaged by a pawl or dog 29 upon the carriage 3. The shaft 21 is also provided at its end with a collar 31,

having a radial opening in which a pin may:

be inserted for the purpose of turning said turned.

a flat or level position.

point very nearly under the roll then there is no book on the book-support, the said support.- will be moved up so as to bring the Vrolls 37 in contact with the roll is inserted, it is `placed on the forward part of the book-support', which is depressed sufliciently to admit the book under the roll 35,'

and the book is then pushed over the rolls 15 and 37 until it is brought into the proper pol Sition.

For the purpose of feeding the book for the line-spacing I provide means by which at proper intervals of time the rolls 35 and 37v may be positively operated for the purpose of moving the book the desired distance. I will new describe the means that I prefer to use for operating said rolls:

A shaft 3f) is mounted in suitable bearings upon the carriage 3 and extends across said carriage and is provided at each end with a ratchet-wheel 41. This ratchet-wheel is of sufficient width to accommodate a series of dogs, as hereinafter described. A key-lever 43 is mounted loosely upon a shaft 30, the end of the lever being in the form of a yoke and extending upon both sides of said ratchetwheel. The opposite end of the lever is preferably in the form of a handle 45, and it eX- tends beneath a stationary plate 47, that is a counterpart of the handle 45, and is se` cured in fixed position upon the carriage 3 by means of a standard 49. A series of dogs 51 is pivoted upon the lever 43, and they cxtend to the ratchet-wheel 41, and these dogs are of different lengths, so that one of said dogs will always be in engagement with said ratchet-wheel, even though the wheel is moved each time but adstance equal to a fractional portion of the length of its teeth.

For the purpose of operating the ratchet- If a book wheel the plate 47 and the handle 45 are grasped together by the hand of the operator and the handle 45 is moved upward against the plate 47. By this means the ratchet-wheel 41 and shaft 39 are turned a distance corresponding to the distance that the handle 45 is away from the plate 47 at the beginning of the operation. The plate 47 therefore serves as a stop to limit the movement of the lever 43, and it also makes a convenient hand-grasp to be used when it is desired to move said lever. As soon as the handle 45 is released its weight turns the lever 43 and draws the pawls 51 over the ratchet until the movement of the lever is stopped, as hereinafter described. I provide means foi` limiting this movement of the lever 43, and thereby regulating the distance that the handle 45 may be separated from the plate 47, and consequently regulating the movement of the ratchet 41 at each operation of said lever. For this purpose I provide a shaft 53, mounted in bearings upon the carriage 2 and extending across said carriage and provided at each end with an eccentric, 55 that comes directly beneath the lever 43. By turning the shaft 53 the upper surface of the eccentric 55 will be brought higher or lower, and as this eccentric forms the stop for the lever 43 it will determine'the position into which the lever may be moved after being released by the hand of the operator. I also provide a graduated scale 57 and a handle 59, secured to the shaft 53, provided with a pointer 61, that extends over the graduated scale 57. By this means the shaft 43 may be turned so as to bring said eccentrics 55 into any desired position. The ratchet 41, the lever 43, the plate 47, and the eccentrics 55 are preferably in duplicate upon each side of the machine, so that the line-spacing mechanism may be operated by either hand of the operator. The graduated scale 57 and the handle 5f) and pointer 61 may, if preferred, be provided on one side of the machine only. I also provide means by which when desired all of the pawls 51 on each lever 43 may be thrown out of engagement with the ratchet 41. For this purpose I provide a shaft 63, mounted in bearings upon the carriage 3 and provided with a suitable operating-handle 65 and having at each end a projection or linger G7, that extends under the pawls 51. By turning this lever all of said pawls may be raised from the ratchet-wheels, thereby permitting the linespacing mechanism to be reversed and the book to be drawn backward, or out from between the rollers 35 and 37. The shaft 39 is provided with a sprocket-wheel 67', and 'this is connected by a sprocket-chain 69 with a sprocket-pinion upon the shaft of the rollers 37. The shaft 39 is provided with one of said sprocket-wheels G7 for each of the rollers 37, and connection is made by means of said Achains to each of said rollers, whereby said TOO IOS

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may be idlerollers, and the book may be moved by the roller 35 alone. The shaft 3S) is also provided with a pinion 7l, that engages a pinion 73 upon a short shaft 75. The shaft 75 is provided with a sprocketwheel 77, from which a chain 79 extends toa sprocket-wheel upon the axis of the roller 35. By this means the rolls 35 and 37 are operated from the shaft 39 and are rotated in opposite directions, and they may be moved any desired amount for the purpose of moving the book any desired distance for any suitable line-spacing. I also provide means for moving the carriage and book for the purpose of forming spaces between the letters and the Words. The writing mechanism, as will be described hereinafter,

remains stationary and the carriage and the booksupport thereon are moved beneath the writing mechanism for the purpose of forming such spaces between the lett-ers and between thewords. For this purposel provide a barrel or drum 81, which is similar to those commonly used on'other type-writers. A belt or strap S3 is connected to this drum and to the carriage 2. Within the drum 81 is a suitable springand when the carriage is moved to the right this spring is wound up, and as the carriage is released the spring draws the carriage to the left in the usual Way. A shaft 85, provided with a handle 87 and ratchet S9, is arranged in i connection With said drum, by means of Which the spring is tightened when it is necessary to increase its tension.`

The carriage 2 is provided with a suitable rack-bar and the writing mechanism with a suitable escapement, Which controls and limits the movement of the carriage, preventing it f rom moving any faster than is necessary for the proper spacing of the letters or characters and words. The rack-bar 91 is secured upon the standards 33 and extends across the machine above the roll 35. This rack-bar consists of a series of notches 93, that are preferably inclined upon one side and straight or vertical upon the other. A suitable escapemen t, herein atte r described, engages this rackbar, and each time that a character is Written or the universal space-bar is operated the escapement device permits the carriage to move the distance of one notch on said rack-bar.

The means for operating the escapement device is secured upon the frame that carries the type-bars and the keys, and I will describe its mechanism and operation before describing the construction and arrangementA of the frame on which these parts are supported. i

The base-plate 2 is provided at each sideof the machine with a standard 4, that preferably extends above the roll 35 and said stand-Q ard-supports. A cross-bar, preferably in the form of a hollow tube, extends across the machine and is fixed in said standards. upon this cross-bar are the fixed collars S and 10, each of which is provided, preferably, with a suitable notch 12. A tube `or sleeve 14 is mounted upon the cross-bar 6 and is adapted the collars 26.

Secured to slide thereon and is provided at cach end with a projection 16, adapted to engage the notch 12 in said collars 8 and 10. The sleeve 14 is also provided with a longitudinal slot 1S, and the crossbar 6 is provided with a pin 20, that projects into said slot and limits the longitudinal movement thereof. Collars 22 are also arranged upon the sleeve 14 and are secured thereto by any suitable means.

The frame 24 ot the writing mechanism is preferably of substantially U shape, and at its ends it is secured to the collars26. The collars 26 are in two parts and are secured to the sleeve 14 by means of suitable bolts 30,

land these collars are capable of rotation upon said sleeve 14,' so that the frame of the writing mechanism may stand in a horizontal position when the device is in use, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or it may be turned into a vertical position, or a position substantially at right angles to that which it is shown as occupying in Fig, 2. The collars V26 are provided With shoulders 28, that engage corresponding Lshoulders 28 on the collars 22 when the writing mechanism is in position for operation, whereby the frame of the writingI mechanism is supported in a substantially horizontal position. The cross-bar G preferably forms the only support for theframe that carries the writing mechanism. Aspring 32 is secured to the sleeve 14 and also to one of When the frame is brought into a horizontal position, the tension of this spring is increased and when said frame is released the spring turns the frame and the mechanism carried by it into a substantially vertical position.

For the purpose of holding the frame 24 in a horizontal position I provide acollar 34, that is fixed upon the sleeve 14 and` has a projection 3G, that is engaged by a sliding rod 38, provided With a suitable spring 40, by means of which said rod is held in position to engage said projection 36. This rod extends to a point near the front of the machine and is provided with a handle 42, by means of which it may be drawn back, so as to release the frame and permit the spring 32 to raise said frame into a vertical position.

As before stated, the sleeve 14, upon which the frame 24 of the Writing mechanism is secured, is capable of being moved along the cross-bar (i, and in using the machine for writing in books the Writing .mechanism is placed in position to write upon one page of t-he book or over one part of the book-support, and it may afterward be moved across the frame or" the machine by sliding the sleeve 14 on the cross-bar G, so as to bring the writing mechanism into position to write on the other page of the book; or if the machine is used for writing upon sheets of paper the writing mechanism will bc placedin position to` write overeither one ot' the sections of the book-support. Vhen the machine` is used for Writing upon the left-hand page of the book, the sleeve 14 is moved `to the left, so as IOO IIO

to bring the end of thesleeve against the collar 10, with the projection 16 engaging the notch-12. anism may be used for writing upon the page or paper that is supported upon the left-hand section` of the book support. Vhen the frame 24 is moved so as to bring it over the right-hand section of the book-support, it is locked in this position by means of the springcatch 44, that engages a lug 46 on the collar 8.

The writing mechanism consists of a series by depressing the appropriate key said uni- This spaceversal space-bar is alsooperated. bar is connected to the spacing mechanism, herein'before referred to, and operates said mechanism so as to permit the feeding of the carriage for the purpose of spacing the letters and words. The space-bar 48 is connected by means of an arm 52 and rod 54 to a crank-arm 56 on a short cross-shaft 58. The cross-shaft 58 is mounted in bearings upon a depending pivoted frame 60. This frame extends across the machine, being pivotally supported upon the frame 24 of the writing mechanism and extending parallel with the sleeve 14. The lower part of the frame is provided with bearings for the shaft 58, and a spring 62 is arranged to engage this frame and hold it normally in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and shown by full-lines in Fig. 4. Mounted upon the sleeve 14, between the collars 22, is a collar 62, that is capable of a limited rotary movement, said collar being provided With a slot 64, into which projects a pin 66, `that is secured in said sleeve. A

. spring 68 is arranged upon the sleeve 14 and engages the collar 62, holding this collar normally in the position shown in Fig. 6. An escapement-lever 68 is pivotally supported upon the collar 62, being provided With a spring 74, by means of which the right-hand end of the level', as shown in Fig. 10, is held normally depressed, as shown in said figure. This escapement-leveris provided at each end with an escapement-dog 72, having one verticai side and one inclined side, as shown in Fig. 12. A spring 74 connects the upper ends of these dogs, a stop 76 being provided to prevent the upper ends of said dogs from moving toward each other beyond a predetermined point. A lug 78 is provided on the left-hand end ofthe said lever 68, and this lug comes directly under a projection or iinger 8O on the shaft 58. The escapement-lever 68 is arranged directly over the rack-bar 93, and when in its normal position the right- In this position the writing mechhand dog of said escapement-lever is held in engagement with one of the teeth of said rack-bar, the vertical side of the tooth coming in engagement with the vertical side of the notch of said rack-bar.

In operation, when the universal space-bar is depressed, the shaft 58 is turned, and the finger 80, engaging the escapement-lever 68, depresses the left-hand end of said lever and raises the right-hand end. This raises the ri ght-hand dog out of the rack-bar and causes the left-hand dog to engage said rack-bar, the straight side of the dog striking the straight side of the tooth of the rack-bar as said dog is depressed. The spring 74 permits the dog to turn slightly upon its pivot. As soon as the escapement-lever is released the spring returns it to its normal position, releasing the left-hand dog 72 from the rack-bar and engaging the right-hand dog 72 therewith. This operation is repeated as often as the space-bar is operated, and at each operation the carriage is permitted to move one space.

AWhen it is desired, however, to move the carriage toward the right, the right-hand dog 72 turns suiiiciently to pass over the teeth of the rack-bar, being raised by the engagement of the inclined face of the teeth of the rack-bar with the inclined face of the dog 72. The opposite end of the escapement-lever 68 is thereby depressed and the inclined face of the teeth engages the inclined face of the left-handdog 7 2. This dog, however, is capable of turning upon its pivot so as to lie in a position nearly at right angles to that which it normally occupies, the spring 74 permitting such movement, and there being no stop to limit its movement in this direction when it is brought into this position bothdogs slide freely over the top of the rack-bar, and this permits the carriage to be moved freely toward the right Without raising the escapement from the rack-bar. It is sometimes desirable, however, to raise said escapement, so that both of its dogs are disengaged from said rack-bar. For this purpose a lug 82 is provided upon the collar 62 and a bar 84 is arranged to extend horizontally across the machine in front of said projection, one end of said bar being pivoted upon the frame 24, as shown in Fig. 6. The opposite end of said bar is connected to a rod 86, that is arranged to slide in bearing upon the frame 24, and being provided with a spring 88, which engages a collar 90 on said rod and holds it normally forward in the position shown in Fig. 6. The rod 86 preferably eX- tends to a point near the front of the machine and is provided on this end with a button 92, and when it is desired to disengage the escapement from the rack-bar the operator pushes upon the rod 86, turning the collar 62, and thereby raising the escapement, so as to bring the dogs out of the rack-bar, the frame 60 also turning sufficiently to permit a corresponding movement to the shaft 58 Without any injury to its operating mechanism.

I also prefer to provide the machine with IOC IOS

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two sets of type-bars, one for the upper and ease type-bar. The type-bars 88 are pivotally` supported upon the frame ofthe machine and are arranged so as to strike downward upon the surface of the book or paper that is arranged upon the book-support. I prefer to provide the keys 90, arranged upon the keybars 92, and to connect to the type-bars 88 the connecting rods or wires 94, these wires being connected to the levers 9G. The levers 06 are pivotally supported upon the frame of the machine and are provided with suitable springs 08. The type-bars are preferably arranged in two semicircular rows, as shown in Figs. 4 and (-5, and the levers 9G are pivotally supported upon the curved frame 100. Said levers are preferably arranged in pairs, as shown in Fig. 7, and the connecting-rod 102 1s arranged between each pair of levers, as shown in Figs. 4, 7, 8, and 9. Eachrod 102 is connected at its lower end to one of the keylevers 92, and at its upper end is provided with the oppositely-arranged notches or recesses 104. The upper ends of all of said rods 102 pass through the cross-bar 106 of a pivoted frame 108, said cross-bar serving 'as a guide for said rods. The levers 96 are each provided with a stud or projection 110 and each oi' said rods 102 is adapted to engage the stud 110 upon either one of two levers. Vhcn the frame 108 is thrown forward into the position shown in Fig. 4, the notches or recesses 104 in the connecting-rods 102 will engage the studs 110 upon the levers connected to one set of type-bars. When the frame 108 is turned to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9, said connecting-rods will engage the stud upon the levers connected with the other set of type-bars. If, for example, the type-bars that are operated by the connecting-rods when the frame 108 is in the position shown in Fig. 4 are the lower-case typebars, then when it is desired to use the capitalor upper-case type-bars said frame 108 will be thrown into the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9. The frame 108 is pivotally supported upon the frame of the machine, and it has connected to :it at one side an arm 112, connected by a link 114, also, to the shift or shifting lever. Said frame is also provided with a curved plate 116, provided with a stop at each end, and an arm 118 is pivoted upon the side of the spring 108 and has a spring 120, connected to said arm 118 and also to the frame 108 at its pivotal point. A shifting-lever 122 is also connected to the frame 108 at each side of the machine. The levers 122 extend to the front portion of the keyboard and are provided with suitable keys 124. The frame 108 is connected to one of said levers 122 directly and to the other by means of the link 114 and the arms 112.

Said arms 112 project to the rear of said frame 108. One of said levers 122 is therefore used to move the frame 108 in one direction and the other to move it in the other direction. .i

Vhen it is desired to write any upper-case character, one ot' the keys 124 is depressed, and thereby the frame 108 is turned upon its pivotal support and the connecting-rods 102 are disconnected from one set of levers and connected to the other. As soon as the key 124 is released the spring 120, acting through the arm 118 and the plate 116, throws said frame 108 back to its original position.

It it is desired to set the mechanism so as to write upper-case characters continuously instead of` the lower-case characters, the arm 118 is thrown so as to bring it against the stop at the other end of the plate 116, and said frame 108 will then be normally held in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 0 and the machine will write upper-ease characters, and to cause it to write lower-case characters the other shifting-lever will be operated. i

I provide a suitable ribbon support or spool 126 at each side ot' the machine and provide a beltV or cord 128, that extends from a pulley on the side of said spool to a suitable pulley 130, that is connected to a gear-wheel 132. Said gear-wheel is suitably supported upon the frame of the writing mechanism, being preferably journaled in a suitable cross-bar 134, connected tothe frame of the machine. Said gear-wheel engages a stationary rackbar 13G, so that as the writing mechanism is moved laterally saidigear-wheel is turned, and thereby one of the ribbon-spools is also turned and the ribbon is drawn oit from the other spool and wound upon the one that is driven by said belt. After the ribbon has been entirely drawn ol from one of said spools the belt is shifted to the other spool and the movement ot' `the ribbon is reversed. I preferably pass the ribbon through a suitable tube or guide 138, provided with an opening 140, through which the type strike, said tube or guide being preferably secured upon the U-shaped frame 142, that is supported upon the frame of the writing mechanism by means ot' the lugs 144. Springs 146 are connected to said U-shaped frameand hold the same in its normal position. An adjustingscrew 148 is arranged on the frame 142 and bears against the frame of the writing mechanism. By `turning this screw the ribbonguide may be shifted back and forth so as to bring any desired portion of it beneath the type, or said ribbon-guide may be moved so as to uncover the line being written, and thus permit an examination of thework.

It will be` seen that this machine is extremely simple in all its parts, and may therefore be made so as to be strong and durable and capable of being operated as rapidly as any type-writer. The mechanism is adapted to support and automatically adjust the IOO IIO

said book-supports, and the writing mechanism be retained in position over said support.

By simply releasing the frame carrying the writing mechanism said frame Will be autom atieally raised into a vertical position, when the Work may be examined, or the book or material written upon may be removed.

The details of the construction may obviously be varied in many parts without departing from my invention, and this is especially true of the type-bars and the means for operating them, as I may for this purpose use any of the Well-known constructions Without departing from my invention.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a type-Writer, a supporting frame or base, a transversely-movable carriage mounted thereon, and an automatically-adjustable two-part book-support mounted upon said carriage.

2. In a type-writer, the combination of a suitable base or support, a transversely-movable carriage mounted thereon, an automatically-adj ustabletwo-partbook-support mount-- ed upon said carriage, a stationary Writing mechanismarranged above said book-support, and means for moving said carriage to produce letter and word spacing.

3. In a type-Writer, the combination of a suitable base, a transversely-movable carriage mounted thereon, an automatically-adjustable two-part book-support mounted upon said carriage, a stationary Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support, and means for moving said carriage laterally to provide letter and Word spacing.

4. In a type-Writer, the combination of a suitable base or support, a transversely-movable carriage mounted upon said support, an automatically-adjustahle two-part book-support upon said carriage for holding the book or Inaterial to be written upon, Writing meehanism arranged above said carriage, and means for moving said carriage laterally to provide letter and Word spacing.

5. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a suitable two-part book-support, of a Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support and means for adjusting and holding said writing mechanism so as to bring it in posiv tion for writing upon either part of said booksupport.

6. In a type-Writer, the combination of a supporting base or frame, a laterally-movable carriage mounted thereon, an automaticallyadjustable two-part book-support arranged above said carriage, a Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support and capable ot' being adjusted so as to bring it over either part of said book-support.

7. In a type-writer, the combinatiomvvith a booksupport, of a Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support and means for adjusting said Writing mechanism so as to bring it over either part of said book-sup` port.

8. In a type-writer, the combination of a suitable frame or base, a laterally-movable carriage mounted thereon, a book-support provided upon said carriage, means for moving said carriage laterally, and Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support and arranged to print upon a book or other material arranged upon said book-support, and means for moving said book or material longitudinally upon said book-support.

9. In a type-Writer, the eombinatiomwitha Writing mechanism, of a book-support arranged beneath said Writing mechanism, means for moving said book-support laterally, and means for feeding or moving a book or material arranged upon said book-support longitudinally.

lO. In a type-Writer,tl,1e combination, with a suitable base, of a laterally-movable carriage arranged thereon, an automatically-adj ustable two-part book-support arranged upon said carriage, and Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support, means for moving said carriage laterally as the Writing mechanism is operated for producing letter and Word spacing, and means for moving the book or material upon said book-supportlongitudinally for producing line-spacin 0.

ll. In a type-writer, the combination, with the supporting-carriage, of the book-support 13, provided With suitable supportingrolls and with an operating-roll, and means for turning said operating-roll for moving the material upon said book-support longitudinally for producing' line-spacing. 12. In a type-Writer, the combination ot the book-support 13, the pivoted brackets 19, connected therewith, suitable springs connected With said brackets, and means for adjusting said springs.

13. In a type-writer, the book-support 13, provided with the supporting-rolls 15, the operating-roll 35, and means fordriving said .operating-roll.

I4. In a type-Writer, the book-support 13, provided with the supporting-rolls l5 and the guide-rolls I7, substantially as described.

l5. In a type-Writer, the combination, with the book-support, of the operating-roll 35, the operating-lever 43, and means connecting said lever with said roll for drivingthe same, substantially as described.

IG. In a type-Writer, the combination, With v the book-support and operating-roll 35, of the operating-lever 43 and means connecting said lever with said roll and means for limiting the movement of said lever.

17. In a type-Writer, the combination, with the line-spacing lever 43, provided With a series of dogs 5l, andthe handle 45, of the stationary plate 47, the eccentric 55, the lever 59,

provided with the pointer (il, and the graduated scale 57, substantially as described.

18. In a type-Writer, the combinatiomwith the laterally-movable carriage 3, of the booksupport thereon, the line-spacin g lever 43, provided with a series of dogs 5l, a stationary plate a7, a shaft 53, provided with the eccentric 55, the handle 59, pointer G1, and graduated scale 57 ,substantially as described.

19. The combination, with the book-support 13, of the brackets 19, pivoted thereto, the springs 25, connected to said brackets and to shafts 21, the ratchets 27, and pawls 29 for adjusting the tension of said springs, substantially as described.

20. In a type-Writer, the combinatiomwith a suitable two-part support arranged to hold a book or paper in a iiat or level position with its upper surface in position to be Written upon, of a Writin g mechanism arranged above said support, means for holding said Writing mechanism in a horizontal position, means for moving said Writing mechanism laterally to bring it over either part of said support, and means for turning said writing mechanism into a substantially vertical position.

2l. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a two-part book-support, ot Writing mechanism arranged above said book-support, means for holding said Writing mechanism in position to Write upon the book or paper held upon said book-support, means for adjusting said Writing mechanism laterally to bring it over either part of said book-support, and means for turning said Writing mechanism into an upright position, substantially as described.

22. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a suitable base and a two-part book-support arranged thereon, of standards upon said base, a cross-bar supported thereon, and a laterallymovable Writing mechanism supported solely from said cross-bar above said book-support, and means for adjusting and holding said writing mechanism in any desired position upon said cross-bar.

23. The combination, with the two part book-support and the cross-bar 6 and means for supporting said cross-bar, of the Writing mechanism supported solely from said crossbar above said book-support and capable of being laterally adjusted thereon.

24. The combination, with the tWo part book-support and the cross-bar 6 and means for supporting the said cross-bar, of the Writing mechanism provided With a frame 24, supported solely from said cross-bar above said book-support and arranged to be turned into an upright position and to be laterally adjusted thereon.

25. In a type-Writer, the combination, With a two-part book-support and the cross-bar 6 and means for supporting said cross-bar, of the writing mechanism provided with the frame 24, means for supporting said frame in a horizontal position solely from said cross` bar, means for adjusting said frame laterally upon said cross-bar, and means for turning said frame into an upright position.

26. In a type-Writer, the combination, with the two-part book-support, the cross-bar G, and means for supporting said cross-bar,of the laterally-adjustable frame 2-1, mounted thereon above said4 book-support and supported solely from saidV cross-bar, and the Writing mechanism supported upon said frame.

27. In a type-Writer, the combination, with a suitable base, of a laterally-adjustable carriage mounted thereon, a two-part book-support mounted upon said carriage, a cross-bar 6, extending above said book-support and arranged in suitable standards on said base, and a Writing mechanism supported upon said cross-bar and capable of being laterally adjusted thereon so as to bring it over either part of said book-support.

28. In a type-Writer, the combination, with the type-bars and the operating-levers 96, provided with the studs 110, of the key-bars 92, the connecting-rods 102, provided With the notches or recesses 101, and the adjustable frame 108, substantially as described.

29. In a type-Writer, the combination, with the type-bars and the operating-levers 96, of the key-bars 92, the connecting-rods 102, and means for disengaging said rods from said levers 96, substantially as described.

30. The combination, with the type-bars, of the operating-levers 96, the key-bars 92, the adjustable trame 108, the connecting-rods eX- tending from said key-.bars to said operatinglevers, and the levers 122, provided with the keys 124, connected to said arm 108,substan tially as described.

31. The combination, with the laterallymovable carriage provided With the rack-bar 93, of the stationary Writing mechanism, the

escapement upon said Writing mechanism and means for operating the same, and means for moving said Writing mechanism andl escapement laterally over said carriage.

32. The combination, with the laterallymovable carriage and an automatically-adjustable book-support arranged thereon, of a rack-bar secured upon said carriage, a writing mechanism arranged above said carriage and book-support, a spring for moving said carriage, and an escapement upon said writsubstantially as described.

The combination, with the rack-bar 931, of the pivoted lever 68, provided with the dogs 72, springs 711, connecting said dogs, a spring 70 for depressing one end of said lever, and means for depressing the opposite end of said lever, substantially as described.

34. The combination, with the rack-bar 931, of the pivoted escapement-lever 68, provided With the dog 72 and the connecting-spring 74.

35. The combination, with the carriage provided with the rack-bar 93, of the cros bar 0, the collar 62, supported thereon, the

ing mechanism for releasing said carriage,

IIO

eS0ape1nent-ie\'er arranged upon said collar and provided with dogs adapted to engage said rack-bar.

36. The combination, with the carriage provided with the rack-bar 93, of the cross-bar 6, the frame 24, supported upon said Cross-bar,

the collar 62, provided with the eseapement,

and means for turning said collar upon said bar, and lthereby releasing Said eseapelnent from said rack-bar. y

37. The combination, with the carriage provided with the rack-bar 93, of the erossbar 6, the frame 24, arranged thereon and provided With the Writing mechanism and movable collar 62, the eseapeinent pivoted upon said collar, the pivoted bar 84, adapted to engage said collar, and the operating-rod 92, engaging said bar.

3S. The combination, with the two-part book-support and the Cross-bar, of the laterally-adjustable sleeve mounted thereon, the frame mounted upon said sleeve and capable engaging said esoapement', and means for operatine said shaft.

40. The combination, in a type-writer, with the ribbon, of the ribbon-guide 13S, the frame v 142, connected therewith, Springs 146, oonneeted with said frame, and the adjustingsoreW 14S.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto Set my hand this '7th day of November, 1891.

SEWARD A. DEAN. In presence of- A. C. PAUL, F. S. LYON.

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