US447143A - John i - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

- J. 1. ASHBAUGEL.

ELECTRIC HEATER. 110.447,14). Patented Feb. 24,1891.

I1/mundo@ UNITE-D STATES TENT OEEICE.

JOI'IN I. ASIIBAUGII, OF OHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO DAVID G. CURTIS, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming ypart of Letters Patent N o. 447,143, dated February 24,1891,

Application filed March l5, 1890. Serial No. 343,954. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LASHBAUGH, a citizen-of the United States, residing at Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and 4useful Improvements in Electric Heaters; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

' clear, and exact description of the invention,

is a similar longitudinal section of a modified form of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section. Fig. 4t is a detail view ot` the core made solid. Fig. 5 is a detail of the corrugated form of core.

Like letters ot reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures.

A denotes a bar, rod, brick, or piece of baked or hardened fire-clay or similar substance. It is made, preferably,'in a tubular or cylindrical form, since the core of which this fire-clay forms the central portion is principally intended for use in boiler-fines, although it may be used as eiiiciently in any other form of heating by means of electricity. The material of which this central bar, rod, or brick is composed may be fireclay, pulverulent or solid, talc, silex, kaolin, asbestus, pluinbago, or any of the mixtures or compounds of these or other similar chemicals or substances which may be adapted for use in forming a rod, bar, or brick to make a central compound or solid to serve as a base on which to build the core. This cylindrical or other suitably-shaped bar is generally compressed or baked. Its surface may be plain and slnooth, as shown in Fig. l, or it may be tinted, corrugated, or groovcd, as shown in Fig. 2, at A', the grooves being lettered a c. iVhen, baked or hardened in this form'` it is ready tov receive the surrounding wire B designates a coilof wire which is wrapped-- closelyand tightlyaround the central fire-clay body or-core proper, as it may be termed, so as to completely surround the latter, as indicated at the left in Fig. l. When the fireclay has a smooth external surface, the wire will be simply Wound in a tight coil around the exterior thereof; but when this fire-clay is formed with the grooves A then the p strands ofthe wire coil .will lie nicely within these grooves.

as, for instance, asbestus paper, pulverulent talc, fire-clay, or a mixture or compound of?` suitable ingredients, designated in the drawings by the letter C. The core as thus built is now ready for insertion into the metallic tube, jacket, or envelope D, which forms a part ot the heating device and which may be a iiue or any external metallic incasement suitable to receive the core for heating purposes. Between the asbestns or other covering C and the surrounding met-allie case D I place a suitable packing of pulverulent clay, clay-powder, or other suitable material. Of course kaolin or asbestus may be used as a packing, said packing being preferably a pulverulent packing. The packing for this annular Yspace maybe omitted, it preferred, and the core inserted closely within the metallic tube. Thus it will be seen that when the current of electricity passes through the IOO vffhich'coil passes the electric current, and a ,l neem-conducting envelope surrounding the :i said coil, said envelope preventing the conduction vof electricity.

2. In an electric heating device, the combi- -nation of the solid center of clay or other .i similar material, the coil of wire wrapped closely around said center, through which `@cil passes the electric current, an external metallic casing adapted to radiate heat and .4 surrounding the said coil, and an intervening Vg,heat-conducting envelope between the coil `ff'zgtnd the external case which envelo M (l D@ lf3 (l V"ion-.conductor of electricity.

i 5 3;In an electric heating device, the combi- :'lation of the central part of clay or similar equivalent material, the coil of lWire wrapped 'closelyaboutsaid central part, through which coil passes `the electric current., an envelope izo;- whiclfis a non-conductor of electricity, such l 'asjsbestug surrounding the wire coil, the l :external metall-ic incasement 'surrounding "the whole device, `and the annular packing i, between the non-conducting envelope of asbestus'and the said metallic casing, substantiallyis described.

, y 4-111 an electric heating device, the combination of the .solid centerof clay er its equivalent having a fluted surface, the coil of wire wrapped closely around said solid center, with its strands entering the surface iutings, through which coil passes the electric current, the heat-conducting envelope, which is a non-conductor of electricity, surrounding the said wire coil, the external metallic casing, and the annular packing between the envelope and the casing.

5. In an electric heating device, the combination of the central part A, of clay or similar material, formed into a solid bar without any central opening, the coil of Wire B, surrounding the same, the envelope of asbestus paper C, surrounding the wire coil, which envelope conducts heat hut is a non-conductor of electricity, and the metallic casi-ng D, adapted to receive and cont-ain the aforesaid parts and radiate the heat communicated thereto in consequence of the passage of the current through the coil, all substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

I JOHN I. ASHBAUGH. Witnesses:

J. B. ALLIN, i D. G. CURTIS.

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