US400319A - Feed-water heater and purifier - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

O. E. FERRBIRA.

FEED WATER HEATER AND PURIFIBR. No. 400,319. Patented Mar. 26, 1889.

N, PETERS. Phnlo-Lllhcgnphar, Wnslungmn. n c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet; 2.

0. E. FERRBIRA.

FEED WATER HEATER AND PURIFIER.

No. 400,319. Patented Mar. 26, 1889.

N pnzns. Phorv-Lithognphun Washington. 0. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E.FERREIRA, OF MORGAN PARK, ILLINOIS.

FEED-WATER HEATER AND PURlFlER;

sPEoIFIcATioN forming part of Letters Patent No. 400,319, dated March 26, 1889.

Application filed January 15, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. FERREIRA, citizen of the United States, residing at Morgan Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Feed-Water l-Ieaters and Purifiers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide for heating and purifying water, particularly water intended for use in steam-boilers; and the invention consists in the features and combinations hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is -a vertical section of my improved feed-water heater and purifier; Fig.2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a horizontal section taken in line 3 3 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4, ahorizontal section taken in line 4c 4 of Fig. 1.

A is the shell or sides of the heater; B, a water-chamber; O, a steam-chamber, and c an inlet for introducing exhaust-steam; D, a settling-chamber; (Z, a vertical partition in the settling-chamber perforated at or near its bottom, and d space separated by such partition; E, an inlet-pipe for introducing water into the heater, and e the inner perforated end thereof; F, a pipe for conducting steam into the water-chamber and through the water, and f the nozzle thereof; G, a pipe for conducting the heated water to the settlingchamber; H, a pipe for introducinglive steam into the pipe leading from the water-chamber to the settling-chamber; I, a relief-pipe for the escape of surplus steam; K, an overflowpipe; L, the suction-pipe of the feed-pump; M, drain-valves, and N man-holes for cleaning out the chambers; O, a float ina side chamber to open or close a valve, P, in the water-inlet pipe; Q, a gage or indicator to show the water-level in the water-chamber; R, an inlet-pipe for introducing condensed steam from a trap or traps when desired, and

S an inlet-pipe for introducing live steam into the steam-chamber when exhaust-steam is not to be used.

As now generally constructed, feed-water heaters are not capable of economically heating the water to the high temperature neces sary to precipitate the impurities or scaleformingmatter to the extent necessary to fully purify the water. My invention is intended to overcome this objection to a greater or less extent, and to secure other advantages not obtained by the feed-water heaters now in general use. p v

In constructing my improved feed-water heater and purifier I make a metallic shell of any size desired, according to the capacity of the boiler or boilers with which it is to be used. Insidev this shell I form chambers for water and steam by means of suitable partitions, these chambers of course being sufficiently tight to hold the water and steam, respectively, and to prevent their mingling together except as desired.

I introduce the water into the water-cham ber by pumping or in any other convenient way through a pipe entering the shell, preferably from the side and as near the top as possible. This pipes terminates in a sprinkler inside, preferably enlarged so as to distribute the water in a spray or shower. The inflow of water may be regulated by suitable valves or in any other convenient way; butI prefer to use an ordinary float and butterfly valve for this purpose.

Connected with the top of the steam-chamberthat is, with the partition separating it from the water-chamberis a pipe passing up and down or making turns through the water-chamber, and the steam passing through this pipe of course heats the body of water surrounding or in contact with it. There may be only one of these pipes used or as many as desired. I prefer to use severalas many as possibleso as to have numerous inlets for the steam andto secure the greatest possible heating surface in the water. The upper end of each of these pipes is preferably provided with a horizontal nozzle, so that the water dropping or falling from the sprinkler cannot enter the pipes and thus create backpressure.

Passing up from the settling-chamber to any height desired in the water-chamber is a pipe intended to conduct the heated water into the settling-chamber, and a pipe for the introduction of live steam may enter or be connected with this water-pipe at any convenient point. I prefer to turn the end of this steam-pipe and run it down in the waterpipe a short distance, and to have its end closed by plugging or otherwise, and the sides of its turned-down portion perforated to distribute the steam laterally. By means of this pipe live steam may be introduced directly into the comparatively small quantity of outflowing water, so to commingle therewith, and thus superheat it or greatly increase its temperature. In this way the water can be heated to any temperature required before or as it enters the settling-chamber, and the temperature being suiiiciently high, of course the impurities or scale-forming matter are i mmediately precipitated in the settling-chamber. I prefer and consider it important to have the live steam thus introduced at a temperature sufficiently high to cause the impurities or scale-forming matter to be rapidly and fully precipitated. I also prefer to have this pipe for the outflow of water at the center, and its upper end at a point about half way between the surface and bottom of the water, so as to draw off the water without scum, oil, or other floating matter, and with. as little as possible of the heavier impurities. As will be seen then, impurities which can be precipitated at about 21$ Fahrenheit are thus caused to remain in the water-chamber, and other impurities requiring a higher temperature to precipitate them are arrested in the settling chamber. The heated water drawn into the settling-chamber is also al lowed to become more fully purified by the settling or precipitating of the impurities therein before the water rises high enough to enter the suction-pipe of the feed -pump. The perforations in the lower part of the par tition in the water-chamber of course permit the water to come out into the space leading to said suction-pipe, where it may still further settle. If desired, such space may be extended upwardly by continuing the partition to any point desired; but I prefer not to extend it higher than the upper end of the pipe which conducts the water from its first chamber to the settling-chamber.

I prefer to have the water-level sufficiently high to facilitate the pumping of boiling wat r, and thus render the elevation of the heater unnecessary. To prevent the water ever rising too high in the water-chamber and as an outlet for the floating matter, I also provide an overflow-pipe at the point intended for the highest water-level I also provide a suitable outlet-pipe to permit the escape of the surplus steam -that is, the steam not condensed by coming in contact with the water. I prefer to have this exhaust-outlet immediately over the point of water-distribution but it may be elsewhere. \Vhen the exhauststeam is used for other purposes, or when for any reason it becomes desirable to do so, I introduce live steam in sullicient quantities to heat the water. In such case the live steam is introduced into the steam-chamber and generally takes the place of the exhaust-steam. In some cases, also, especially where soft water is used, only one kind of steam, either live or exhaust, is necessary, and so I provide for the use of either live steam or exhaust-steam, or both together, as circumstances may require. In some cases it may be desirable to use the water formed by the condensation. of steam and caught in tanks, traps, or otherwise, and I then provide for the introduction of such water by a pipe or pipes extending from the vessel containing it and entering the heater at a point as near as practicable to the exhaust-outlet for surplus steam. This arrange ment will be found particularly applicable when the heater is used in connection with boilers employed in heating buildings. The sediment or impurities in the water and set tling chambers may be removed or washed. out from time to time, as necessary, by open ing the drain-valves from the chambers and through the man-hole in each of said cham= bers.

Some of the advantages of my invention are that it provides for heating and purifying water by the use of either live steam or exhaust-steam; that it also provides for heating and purifying water by the use of both live steam and exhaust-steam; that it also provides for an unusually large heating-surface in and under the water; that it also provides for drawing off the heated water without taking any of the floatingimpurities or many of the 'nrecipitated impurities; that it also provides for introducing live steam directly into the outi'lowing water, so as to superheat it or greatly increase its temperature, and thus cause the remaining impurities, which require a higher degree of heat, to be precipitated in the settling-chamber; that it also provides for a water-level high enough to facilitate the pumping of boiling water, and thus to obviate the necessity of elevatingthe heater; and, generally, that it is simple, efficient, and economical both in construction and use.

Although my invention thus capable of producing many important results, it will of course be understood that I do not intend to limit myself to a construction in which all of them or any particular number of them are obtained 5 nor do I wish to be understood as limiting myself to minor features or details of construction, or to the particular way or mode of operation described,

I do not herein claim the process of heat ing and of purifying water above described, the same being the subject of another application, No. 301,133.

1. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-in let, a steam-chamber under the water-chamber, provided with a steam-inlet, a pipe communicating with the steam-c-hai'nber and extending into the water-chamber for conducting steam through. the water, and an outlet for drawing off the water, substantially as described.

2. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a waterinlet, a steam-chamber provided with a steaminlet, a pipe communicating with the steamchamber and extending into the water-chamber for conducting steam through the water, a settling-chamber, a pipe communicating between the water-chamber and the settlingchamber for conducting the water into the settling-chamber, and an outletcfor drawing off the water, substantially as described.

3. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-inlet, a steam=chamber under the water-chamber, provided witha steam-inlet, a pipe communicating with the steam-chamber and eX- tending into the water-chamber for conductin g steam through the water, a settling-chamber under the steam-chamber, a pipe communicating between the water-chamber and the settling-chamber for conducting the water into the settling-chamber, and an outlet for drawing oii' the water, substantially as described.

4. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-inlet and a water-outlet, and a pipe communicating witha boiler and extending into the waterchamber for conducting steam through the water and terminating in a horizontal nozzle above the water-level, whereby the steam is distributed above the Water and back-pressure prevented, substantially as described.

5. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-inlet and a water-outlet, and a pipe communicating with a boiler and terminating in the water-outlet, whereby steam may be introduced directly into the outflowing Water to superheat it, substantially as described.

6. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-in let and a water-outlet, a pipe communicating with a boiler and extending into the waterchamber for conducting steam through the water and terminating in a horizontal nozzle above the water-level, and a pipe communicating with the boiler and terminating in the water-outlet, substantially as described.

7. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a water-chamber provided with a water-inlet, and a pipe for drawing off the water, terminating at its upper end at a point in the chamber between the surface and bottom of the water and substantially below the surface, whereby the water may be drawn off and most of the impurities left, substantially as described.-

8. In a feed-water heater, the combination of a waterchamber provided with a water-inlet, a steam-chamber provided with a steaminlet, a pipe communicating with the steamchamber and extending into the water-chamber for conducting steam through the water,

a settling-chamber under the steam-chamber provided with a vertical partition perforated in its lower portion, a pipe communicating between the water-chamber and the settlingchamber, terminating at its upper end at a point in the water-chamber between the surface and bottom of the water, and an outlet for drawing off the water, substantially as described.

CHARLES E. FERREIRA.

Witnesses:

EPHRAIM BANNING, SAMUEL E. HIBBEN.

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