US409022A - de soldenhoff - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Fm, Patented Aug. 13, 1889.

R. DE SOLDEIIHOFF.V

f' PREGIPITANTS, EG., RESULTING PROM SLUDGE, 650. NO.v 409,022.

J7J'r1`neb` (No Model.)

FURNAGE FOB. THE DESIGGATION, INGINERATION, AND GARBONIZATION J wenfor/ Je JMW smh m s@ @ESAN N4 PETERS, FhoIn-Llhogrnpber. Washington. ILC.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

R. DE SOLDENHOFP. PURNAGB POR THE DESIGGATION, INGINEEATION, AND CARBoNIzAslIoN` 0F PREGIPITANTS, sw., RESULTING PROM SLUDGB, 6m.

No. 409,022. Patented Aug. 13, 18.89.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD DE SOLDENHOFF, OF 71 ST. MARY STREET, OARDIFF, COUNTY OF.

GLAMORGAN, ENGLAND.

FURNACE FOR THE DESICCATION, INCINERATION, AND CARBONIZATION 0F PRECIPITANTS, &c., RESULTING FROM SLUDGE, &c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent No. 409,022, dated August 13, 1889. ApDlCatOn filed September 26, 1887. Serial No. 250,736. (NO model.) Patented in England February 24, 1886, No. 2,721.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD DE SOLDEN- HOFF, engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 7l St. Mary Street, Oardiif, in the county of Glamorgan, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces for the Desiccation, Incineration, and Carbonization of Precipitants or Solids Resulting from Sludge or other Substances Liable to Putrify, (for which I have received Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 2,721, dated February 24, 1886,) of which the following is a speciiication.

The above-named substances are to be desiccated, carbonized, and incinerated by the heat developed by the consumption of their own combustible compounds-such as carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur-in furnaces, as herein described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a cross-section, looking toward the front, of a group of furnaces constructed according to my invention, taken on vthe line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof, looking downward, taken on the lines E and E F of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the lines A B of Fig. l. Fig. 4L is a similar section on the line O D of Fig. l, and Figs. 5 and G are detail views of parts of the Hoor of the bottom iiue.

Throughout the drawings the featherless arrows indicate the course of the air before it comes in contact with the gases from the burning refuse, and the feathered arrows indicate the course of the gases emanating from said burning refuse.

The furnaces are to be built always in pairsthat is to say, the least number to be used is two furnaces-situated side by side; but any even number of furnaces may be employed. Each furnace is composed of two chambersan upper one A and a lower one B.

.The upper chamber A is 'the desiccating or drying chamber, while the lower chamber B is the incinerating or carbonizing chamber. The upper chamber A is provided with one, two, or more openings d in the top, through which the said chamber is to be charged with the material to be desiccated, and with one or more end openings. lVhen one of the openings b is employed, it is placed in front, while at the back is a permanent closure, and when two openings are employed one opening isfplaced in the front end and the other opening b in the back end thereof. Each of these end openings is large enough to permit a rabble to be passed through it, so as to level the material in the said upper chamber A. The openings in the top are closed by means of cast-iron covers a', while those in the ends are closed by means of doors, as hereinafter described. Each of these upper chambers A is situated above a lower chamber B, and is put in connection with it by three openings c, situated immediately underneath the charging-openings a. These openings c are closed with fire-brick covers c', provided with wrought-iron handles, by which they may be taken out through the charging-openings a.

The openings c are for the purpose of enabling the material when sufiiciently dry to be passed through them from the upper chamber A into the lower chamber B. The lower chamber B is provided with doors B', as hereinafter described.

Each pair of lower chambers B is situated above and parallel with six horizontal tlues C D E C D E', the tlues C D E being arranged in a tier one above the other under one chamber B, and the others O D E arranged likewise and parallel with the tlues C D E under the other chamber B, the arches or crowns of the flues C and C constituting the iioors of the chambers B. The iioor of the top flue may be horizontal, as shown, or slightly inclined from the center to both ends; or it may be inclined from the back to the front. The top tlues O and C and bottom flues E and E are gas-lines. The intermediate,

tlues D D are air-regenerative flues, which two latter, as fully shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, have a great number of communicating ports or passages D5. Each side wall of the upper chamber A of the furnace is formed with a horizontal air-flue F, which is in connection with another horizontal flue G, formed in the side walls of the lower chambers B directly below the flues F, through a series of openings d in the roof of said flue G. The flues F and G communicate with the oven-chamber B by openings e and f, the said openings c and f being alike, as plainly shown at Figs. 3 and et. From the flue G to the floor of the 4flue C there are shown twentyeight vertical filles H; but any other number of such iiues may be employed. These are repeated in every side wall except the last on the righthand side and the last on the left-hand side. At these latter places two horizontal flues divided bya floor 0 are employed instead, the iiue above said iioor being in communication with the chamber B through the ports cf, while the flue below communicates at one end with the iiue above, and at the opposite end with flue C or C', thus causing the gas to traverse the full extent of both iiues above and below the floor before entering the flue C or C. These vertical fines H are gas-nues, which convey the products of combustion to the ports C2 in the side of each flue @,whencc such products enter the latter. Thus the gases from the two chambers in each furnace are caused to meet in the flue C, and after traversing together the greater portion thereof pass into the next fine C ra the transverse end ilue X. (See Figs. 3 and l.) From these iiues C and C the gases pass through vertical iiues p p into the bottom fines E E', and from there into the main iiue J. (See Figs. 3 and 4.)

The first iiue D on the lefthaud side receives the cold air through the flue D3, which, after traversing through all of the tlues D, passes, ria ports D", into vertical tiues K K', which latter lead directly to transverse horizontal ues N, each having vertical openings or flues o r on opposite sides of their partitions r3 in their bottoms leading to the air- Alilies F for conveying the air to the latter, from whence it enters the lower air-tlues G through the openings d, or into the ovens or chambers B through openings e and f. rlhe flues F are provided with continuations r4'of the partitions r3, which divide such .fiues F into three chambers, as shown in Fig. Il. These partitions r3, with their lower extensions i", are for the purpose of splitting the current of air passing along the iiues N, and more equally dividing the volume in the fines F.

In some eases, if necessary, the gases would be passed intermittently into two Siemens regenerators situated in the main flue between the ovens and the chimney, so that the waste gases would traverse the regenerators before passing to the chimney, and the air passing into them intermittently would pass through one of the regenerators ata time before entering the vertical fiues K K.

The working of the furnace is as follows: The furnace being' iirst suitably heated by coke or other fires, the material to be treated is charged .lrst into the upper chamber A ot' the furnace to dry, from whence, after the moisture is expelled, it is dropped into the 'ignited in this lower airtlue G.

lower chamber B. In this lower chamber B, the material operated on, owing to the heat of the side walls and floors and owing to the presence of hot air delivered by the upper air-Hue F, will iniiame and expel the gases. rlhe gases, partly burned in the oven and partly inthe Hue, will produce heat and render it to the side walls. The waste gases andthc heat will, after having escaped from the ovens, pass into the lower air-tlue G, in which they will mingle with the gases of the next oven, and also with the hot air passing tothe lower air-liuc G through the openings d in the iioor of the upper air-Hue. Therefore all the gases not yet iniiamed in the furnace will become The products of combustion will then find their way through the vertical fiues H, by which they will be conducted to the liue C ra their side ports (L2 under the AHoors of the ovens or chambers B, and in which iiue C the gases traveling in two side walls, both belonging to the same furnace, but each used by gases of two furnaces, mingle together. A small part of the gases in this flue C, in which they meet, will be taken olf by the iiue y) at the end of the ilue E, while the bulk of the gases in the iiue C will flow into the flue C ca the flue X, whence, by the vertical fiue p', they will pass into the flue E'. (See Fig. 4.) The object in allowing a portion of the combined gases in fines C C to escape through fiues j) p is to heat the iiues D D', and this will naturally be the result, as the gases ijiassing in the iiucs C C heat the upper parts of the i'lues D D', while the passing in the lilies E E heat the bottoms of fines D D, and the two latter being in communication they will of course share the heat. The cold air iirst enters the flue D and passes through similar lilies from one end of the block of furnaces to the other, where, by the two vertical flues K K', as stated above, it is led into the two iiues N N, situated on the top of the furnaces. From these the hot air enters all the upper airflues F through the openings r r', Vwhence it is distributed into the ovens and lower airflues G, as described. 1When the material submitted to incineration in the chamber B of the furnace has expelled all its gases and been reduced to the state of ashes, the doors B of the furnace are opened and the ashes are rabbled out by hand or by special machinery designed for that purpose. The doors of the furnace are made of wrought or cast iron, and lined with four or five inches of fire-brick. The perfect closure of furnaces is secured by luting them with clay from the outside. The doors are suspended on hinges orare lifting doors. In the latter case the top of the furnaces will be provided with crabs or other lifting means to lift the doors.

The moisture evaporating in the upper chamber A of the furnace will find its way through the middle charging-hole, which will be left open for that purpose, only in IOO IIO

ISO

case of wet weather the opening will be provided With a cover, so as to protect the inside of the chamber A from being wet.

The floor of the lower chamber B of the furnace is not flat, but is curved; or it may have an undulated or serrated shape, shown at Figs. 5 and 6, in order to develop the heating-surface of the iloor.

The bricks in the side walls separating the lower chamber B from the tlues G and H are about three inches thick.

ln case the Siemens regenerators, before referred to, were applied, the fines D and E would be suppressed, and the gases leaving fines C C would be directed into the main iiue, and from there by an arrangement, as described, diverted to the regenerators.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed', I declare that what l claim is,-

1. A refuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed with charging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connecting the chambers, the air-flue in the wall of the upper chamber, the gas-Hue in the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting the air and gas fines, and the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamber with the gas-fine, substantially as described.

2. Arefuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed with charging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connecting the chambers, the air-flue in the wall of ythe upper chamber, t-he gas-flue in the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting the air and gas ilues, the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamber with the gasflue, the vertical gas-nues, the top gas-tlue, the lower gas-flue, the intermediate air-flue, the vertical airiiues, the top air-lines, and the openin gs connecting the top air-lines with the ai r-ue in the wall of the upper chamber, substantially as described.

3. A refuse-furnace having an upper chamber formed with charging-openings, the lower chamber, the charging-openings connecting the chambers, the air-flue in the wall of the upper chamber, the gas-flue in the wall of the lower chamber, the openings connecting theV air and gas lues, the air and gas openings connecting the lower chamber with the gasi'iue, the vertical gas-fines, the top gas-iiue, the lower gas-flue, the intermediate air-flue, the vertical air-lues, the top air-fines, the openings connecting the top air-lines with the air-flue in the wall of the upper chamber, and the main flue, with which the lower gas-flue connects, substantially as described.

et. A refuse-furnace having upper chambers A 'A, formed with charging-openings a, the lower chambers B B,the charging-openings c, connecting the upper and lower chambers, the horizontal air-nue F in the wall between the upper chambers, the horizontal gas-Hue G and vertical gas-fines l-l in the wall between the lower chambers, the openings d, connecting the horizontal air-line with the horizontal gasfiue, and the openings c and f, connecting the lower chambers with the horizontal gas-flue, substantially as described.

5. A refuse-furnace having the upper chambers A A, the lower chambers B B, the horizontal air-flue F in the wall between the upper chambers, the horizontal gas-flue G and the vertical gas-fines H in the wall between .the lower chambers, the openings d, connecting the horizontal air-due with the horizontal gas-flue, the openings e and f, connecting the lower chambers with the horizontal gas-flue, the top fines C and C beneath the lower chambers,the bottom .fines E E', the intermediate air-fines D D between the top and bottom gas-fines, the vertical air-fines K K', the

vtop air-lines N, the openings r, connecting the top air-flue with the horizontal air-flue, and the openings p p', connecting the top iiues C C with the bottom ilues E E, and the main flue J, substantially as described.

l R. DE SOLDENHOFF. Titnessesz D. M. EVANS, F. UANKE, Both of 7l St. llfary Street, @turd/ijf.

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