US394372A - Feed-water circulator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1..

J. P. KELLY.

- FEED WATER GIROULATOR. No. 394,372. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J.P.KELLY.

FEED WATER. GIRGULATOR.

(No Model.)

No. 394,372. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

Fig. 2.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. P. KELLY.

FEED. WATER GIRGULATOR.

No. 394,372. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

N. PEYERS. Plmlv-Lilhogmphar. Washingmn, l1v C4 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

- J. P. KELLY.

FEED WATER GIROULA'I'OR. No. 394,372. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

M m VW/v VV y M M HWMI U A @7 ml 11 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN P. KELLY, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

FEED-WATER CIRCULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,372, dated December 11, 1888.

Application filed February 6, 1888. Serial No. 263,082. (No model.)

T0 at whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN P. KELLY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, county of Erie, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Feedater Circulators and Temperature- Equalizers, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that one of the chief causes of the 'apid deterioration of steam-boilers is the unequal expansions and contractions due to unequal heating and cooling. This has become especially noticeable since the introduction of high steam-pressures and the thick plates necessary to withstand these high pressures, and more particularly is this the case in boilers that are often blown down and then fresh fires started in them, as in marine boilers. The water in the boiler being cold and the combustion rapid, the expansion is great and rapid, especially when the shell and flues are constructed of thick plates and the heating effects are local, the natural circulation due to convection being at firstvery small. Several devices have been employed to increase the circulation of the water in the boiler, with a view toward distributing the heating effects more uniformly and causing a consequently smaller strain due to unequal heating. One of these is the hydrokineter, which is a kind of injector placed in the lower part of the boiler and used only in starting fires, so that its effects are local and the benefits derived therefrom are small. Other attempts have been made by using complicated systems of piping on the outside of the boiler, which only serve to increase the complexity of the numerous outside pipe and boiler fittings without a corresponding benefit being derived from them.

The object of my invention is to promote the rapid circulation of the feed-water entering the boiler and to rapidly equalize the temperatures of the various portions of the boiler; and I accomplish this by a mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boiler with part of the shell removed, disclosing the circulating mechanism. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section showing the circulating mechanism in plan. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section showing the circulating mechanism in elevation. Fig. l is a detail section of one of the parts.

Similar letters refer to similar partsthroughout the several views.

S is the shell of the boiler; I, one of the furnaces.

M are man-holes.

E is the feed-water pipe.

C is the boiler check-valve in the feedpipe.

A is a steam-pipe provided with a stopvalve, B, leading from a donkey-boilei or any other source of steam.

It will be noticed that in my arrangement the check-valve for the introduction of the feed-water into the boiler is situated near the water-level instead of at the lower part of the boiler, as is ordinarily the case, and that 1he feed-water pipe E leads into the check-valve box C at the bottom, and the steam-pipe A enters at the side of the same, as shown. The box C contains the ordinary check-valve, and the feed-pipe E is provided with the usual stop-valve to connect with the feed-pump or feed-injector. The feed-pipe E and steampipe A are thus connected with each other by means of the communicating valve-box, and the pipe R inside the boiler is substantially a prolongation of the feed-pipe through the medium of check-valve box C. The checkvalve chamber opens into a pipe, R, which runs parallel to the axis of the boiler, which pipe has one or more joints, having one or more intervening nozzles, it. To each of these nozzles is attached a pipe composed of one or more sections, as F ll, coupled together at convenient places by couplers G, where they can be reached through hand and man holes. The pipes lead to the lower part of the boiler, where the ends are open orare secured to a perforated pipe, L. \Vhen a series of pipes I II and nozzles u, are employed, the perforated pipe L is unnecessary; but if only one suction or siphon pipe is used I place this nozzle in th e slot, a, or a series of perforations in its lower side. This tube T is located below and preferably cast in one piece with the scum-collector O, which is located, as shown, centrally in the boiler and near the water-line. The surface blow-pipe P serves to blow off the surface scum collected by the scum-pan and leads to the surface blow-valve, as is usual in boilers.

For the purposes of cleaning, the tube'T is provided with a screw or other cap, I). The pipe R is coupled to the pipe T with a screw or other convenient union, 0, and, for convenience in fitting, the pipe R is further provided with a union, (1. The nozzles 11., into which the pipe R screws, are like an ordinary injector-nozzle, having an exterior shell, 91., and an interior cone, m, with a branch, 0, to which the pipes F are coupled by the unions and fittings p, s, q, and r, as shown in Fig. 4. The pipes F and their connections H join the pipe L by means of screw-unions or by bolted flanges, as desired. The pipe L is perforated throughout its whole circumference and length, and may be omitted, if desired, when more than one or two nozzles are used, the

siphon-pipes being then of sufficient size to.

provide ample opening for the free circulation of the water. The perforated pipe L is likewise provided with screw or other caps l, at its ends for use in cleaning it.

The following is the manner of operating my device: ater having been run up in the boiler to about its steaming-level, steam is turned on from the donkey-boiler by pipe Aand stop-valve B. This causes the water in the boiler to rise in the siphon-pipes, pass through the injector-nozzles, where it becomes heated by being brought in contact with the steam and condensing it, and is then forced out and distributed through the openings in the tube T. This is continued until the water is thoroughly warmed and the heat distributed throughout the boiler, when the fires may be started and steam turned off from the donkey-boiler. Afterward, when it becomes necessary to feed the boilers and water is pumped or forced by, an injector into the pipe R, as during the ordinary working of the boiler with steam up, the entering feed-water keeps upa suction in the siphon-pipes, and the valve B being closed the circulation will be complete, as before. If fourd advantage ous, however, the valve B maybe left open and the entering steam act to heat the water. In its simplest form the injector-nozzle might be dispensed with and the siphon pipe or pipes connected direct-1y with the feed-pipe extension without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having now fully described the nature of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam-boiler, a steam-pipe, a feedwater pipe connected therewith, in combination with an extension of said feedpipe within the boiler, one or more siphon-injecttors, and siphon-pipes connectedto said extension and to a strainer in the'lower part of the boiler, and an outlet-pipe for the combined steam and water, all located within the boiler, substantially as described.

- 2. In a steam-boiler, a connected steampipe and a feed-water pipe located outside of the boiler, in combination with a prolongation of the feed-pipe, one or more injectors and siphonpipes connected therewith, and a spray-discharge pipe, all located within the boiler, substantially as described.

3. In a steam-boiler, a steam-pipe leading into a feed-pipe on the outside of the boiler,

an extension of the feed-pipe, one or more injector-nozzles attached to said extension, one

or more siphon-pipes leading from a common suction-pipe and to the nozzles, a common outlet-pipe leading from said nozzles to spraypipe, all located within the boiler, substantially as described.

- 4. In a steam-boiler, a scum-pan and a dis- JOHN P. KELLY/ \Vitnesses:

GEO. R. FERGUSON, J. A. B. SMITH.

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