US3782091A

US3782091A - Texturing yarns by false twisting

Info

Publication number: US3782091A
Application number: US00223227A
Authority: US
Inventors: R Spurgeon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1972-02-03
Filing date: 1972-02-03
Publication date: 1974-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 1991-01-01

Abstract

Untextured yarn is drawn from a producer''s package, threaded through apparatus comprising a tension leveling device, an electric heater and a false twist device and, having been textured thereby, is wound on yarn take-up means. Close to the yarn exit from the heater is a twist stop device which effectively restricts twisting of the yarn to the downstream side thereof, and close to the downstream side of the false twist device is a check device which effectively restricts to the downstream side thereof the tendency of the yarn to relax due to untwisting thereof.

Description

United States Patent [191 Spurgeon Jan. 1, 1974 [54] TEXTURING YARNS BY FALSE TWISTING 3,626,682 l2/l97l Spurgeon 57/773 [76] Inventor: Richard C. Spurgeon, R.D. No. 2,

Lansdale' p 1944 Primary Examiner-John Petrakes Assistant Examiner-Charles Gorenstein [22] filed: 1972 Attorney-Louis V. Schiavo [21] App]. No.: 223,227

[57] ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl 57/34 HS, 57/77.4, 57/106, Umexmred yam is drawn from a producer's package,

57/157 TS threaded through apparatus comprising a tension lev- [5 Dozg 1/02' Dolh 13/08 Dozg H08 eling device, an electric heater and a false twist device [58] Field ofSearch ..57/77.377.45, 106, 34 HS, and having been textured thereby, is wound on yam m is -5 isvill 5. S take-up means. Close to the yarn exit from the heater is a twist stop device which effectively restricts twist- [56] References cued ing of the yarn to the downstream side thereof, and UNITED STATES PATENTS close to the downstream side of the false twist device 1,216,147 2/1917 is a check device which effectively restricts to the 2,738,634 4/1957 downstream side thereof the tendency of the yarn to 2,977,745 4/1961 relax due to untwisting thereof. 3,043,084 7/l962 3,444,683 5/1969 Hcsscnbruch 57/106 X 6 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures 52? 12 i so 15 a a; 345 42 '5 g 40 .6 .8 56 1' j 4O 42 rl l e I g, h a 4 P7: T T l h Y a l l :1: I l l 111 I I I I 1 g 1 I r I I i l I PATENIED JAN 1 "H4 POINT AT WHICH YARN ISSUES FROM HEATER O 7 flm J w M l H 0 WW V m R W m M F w m o M M w H s N s R L 4 M N A M 5 II R Y T O A D O P Y m E T T W n S W R X 4 W N Y 2 m m m o m Y n E h 1, 3 Q A T P g W mm w wx E w m w fl/w M T J m E N w nvA X M Y.\ m m D. J 1M G n g W I m S 9 G R D T M Q 1 M 4m F s M 4 i F M .AIUBM W Y u 4 m WY w P w BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the texturing of yarn by false twisting, and particularly to improvement of the method and apparatus disclosed in my pending application for U.S. Letters Patent, Ser. No. 168,709, filed Aug. 3, 1971.

2. Description of the Prior Art As taught by said pending application, the yarn passing over the edges of the twist stop plate is not restrained against rolling along said edges in response to twisting of the yarn. Accordingly, tension in the yarn may vary, resulting in a certain degree of non-uniform texturing in the resulting yarn.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The principal object of the present invention is to provide improved apparatus and method for texturing continuous filament thermoplastic yarn by false twisting.

Another object of the present invention is to provide such apparatus and method whereby tight control of the yarn is exercised to prevent displacement thereof from a predetermined yarn path as the yarn twisting effort applied approaches a maximum.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

FIG. 1 is an elevation showing apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a section on lines ll-ll in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view on lines Ill-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged section on lines II-II showing an alternate arrangement; and

FIG. 5 is an enlarged section on lines "-11 showing another alternate arrangement.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus shown includes a tension leveling device 10, an electric heater 12, a twist stop device 14, yarn guide means 15, a false twist device 16, and a check device 18.

The tension leveling device includes a roller 20. To the left of the roller is a standard 22 embraced by a ring 24 and provided with an eyelet 26 at the head thereof, and to the right of the roller 20 is a second standard 28 embraced by a ring 30 and provided with an eyelet 32 at the head thereof. Reference may be had to my U.S. Pat. No. 3,323,753, issued June 6, 1967, for the essential features of the tension leveling device and for the principle of its operation.

The electric heater 12 includes a main body 34 which accommodates a heating coil 56. A pair of grooves respectively on opposite sides of the main body 34 are covered by plates 40, and extending about the heater is a jacket 42 of insulating material. The bottom of the heater carries a plate 44 which mounts a pair of

eyelets

46 and 48 respectively aligned with said grooves, and the top of the heater carries a plate 50 which mounts a pair of

eyelets

52 and 54 also respectively aligned with said grooves.

The bottom of the heater also carries a plate 60 to which is affixed the twist stop device 14 in the form of a plate provided with square edges 64.

The false twist device 16 includes a rubber rimmed friction disc 66 actuated by an electric motor 68, and

the check device 18 includes a rubber rimmed friction disc 70 actuated by an electric motor 72. For holding the yarn to the rims of the discs 66 and 70 a frame 74 is provided with arms which mount

eyelets

82, 84 and 86. Reference may be had to my pending application for US. Letters Pat., Ser. No., 168,709, filed Aug. 3, 1971, for the essential features of the electric heater 12, the twist stop device 14, the false twist device 16 and the check device 18, and for the principles of their operation.

An end of untextured multifilament yarn, designated Y, is drawn from a yarn package (not shown) and threaded through the eyelet 26, passed downwardly along the standard 22 and threaded through the ring 24. Then it is passed under the roller 20 in contact therewith, threaded through the ring 30, passed upwardly along the standard 28 and threaded through the eyelet 32. Then the yarn end is looped through the heater 12, being passed upwardly through the

eyelets

46 and 52 and then downwardly through the

eyelets

54 and 48. When the yarn end issues from the eyelet 48, it is turned sharply to one side and trained along the upper surface of the stop twist plate 14, about the edges 64 thereof, fully in contact therewith, and along the undersurface of the stop twist plate 14. Then the yarn end is trained about the yarn guide means 15. At the false twist device, the yarn end is passed through the

eyelets

82, 84 and 86, which are positioned to bring the yarn end into contact with the rim of the friction disc 66 of the false twist device and the rim of the friction disc 70 of the check device, as shown. From the eyelet 86, the yarn end goes to a yarn take-up means, which may be in the form of a conventional ring and traveler array (not shown).

The roller 20 turns in yarn advancing direction at a speed which exceeds the linear speed of the yarn end. Tension in the yarn is inducedby resistance to movement of the yarn over the edges 64 of the twist stop plate 14. The yarn between the tension leveling device 10 and the yarn take-up means will be predetermined in length for a desired yarn tension. When said length increases, the

rings

24 and 30 are lowered, removing some of the yarn from engagement with the roller 20 and increasing slippage between the roller 20 and the yarn end. Thus the amount of yarn passing under the roller 20 is reduced and the yarn between the tension leveling device and the yarn take-up means is restored to its initial length. When said length decreases, the

rings

24 and 30 are raised, causing a greater length of yarn to engage the roller 20 and decreasing slippage between the roller 20 and the yarn end. Thus the amount of yarn passing under the roller 20 is increased and the length of yarn between the tension leveling device and the yarn take-up means is restored to its initial length.

In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated that insofar as the tension leveling device 10, the heater l2 and the twist stop device 14 are concerned, the apparatus is identical in construction and operation to that disclosed in my pending application, Ser. No. 168,709, filed Aug. 3, 197i, to which reference may be had for further details of construction and principles of operation. The critical difference in the manner of operation of the apparatus resulting from introduction of the yarn guide means 15 will now be pointed out.

As taught by my pending application for US. Letters Pat. Ser. No. 168,709, filed Aug. 3, 1971, the portion of the yarn path at the twist stop plate is substantially in the form of a square loop the whole of which is disposed in a plane normal to the edges of the twist stop plate over which the yarn is drawn. When the degree of twist is not in excess of approximately 200 turns per inch, this arrangement may be satisfactory, but when the degree of twist is higher, the arrangement is not entirely satisfactory because the highly twisted yarn tends to roll along the edges of the twist stop plate in one direction or the other in response to the applied twisting effort.

The tension in the twisted yarn downstream from the edges of the twist stop plate is greater than the tension in the untwisted yarn upstream from the edges of the twist stop plate, and the function of the device is to level each yarn tension, i.e., keep each of them within acceptable limits. Accordingly, yarn tension varies somewhat within predetermined maximum and minimum limits. As a consequence of the tension in the twisted yarn area being greater than the tension in the untwisted yarn area, there is a constant tendency for tension in the twisted yarn area to escape upstream into the untwisted yarn area, and this tendency increases as the degree of twist and the resulting yarn tension increase. Periodically, when the degree of twist and the resulting yarn tension are at a maximum and the yarn has rolled along the edges of the twist stop plate in one direction or the other in response to the applied twisting effort, tension does in fact escape, whereupon the yarn snaps back to its initial position. This periodic escape of tension upstream from the twisted yarn area into the untwisted yarn area causes a certain degree of non-uniform texturing in the resulting yarn, which may be avoided by restraining the yarn against rolling along the edges of the twist stop plate in response to the applied twisting effort. This may be accomplished in several ways.

Referring particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, the yarn guide means comprises a base member 100 stationarily mounting an upright rod 102 which is circular in transverse section, and which is thereby disposed between the twist stop device 14 and the false twist device 16 and to one side of a direct line therebetween. The yarn extending from the twist stop device 14 to the false twist device 16 is trained about the rod 102 for guidance. Referring particularly to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, it will be noted that the portion of the yarn path at the twist stop plate 14 is in the form of a square loop, and referring particularly to FIG. 2, it will be noted that the opposed arms of the loop are disposed on opposite sides of a reference plane X--X containing the closed end of theloop and disposed approximately normal to 5 the edges of the twist stop plate 14 over which the yarn is drawn, and that the angles A included between the arms of the loop and the plane of reference XX are substantially equal. Yarn trained about the twist stop plate 14 and the rod 102 as shown will not roll along the edges 64 of the twist stop plate 14 in response to the applied twisting effort. To the contrary, training the yarn about the rod 102 has the effect of restricting the yarn to movement along a predetermined fixed path, as a consequence of which repeating cycles wherein yarn tension increases from a predetermined minimum to a predetermined maximum and then suddenly and abruptly escape from the twisted yarn area upstream into the untwisted yarn area is effectively avoided.

While, in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have illustrated and described the best embodiment of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. For example,

referring particularly to FIG. 4, in lieu of the yarn guide means 15, the twist stop plate 14 may mount a yarn guide pin 104 extending rearwardly therefrom on one side or the other of the yarn path, depending upon the direction in which the yarn is twisted; and referring particularly to FIG. 5, in lieu of the yarn guide means 15, the twist stop plate 14 may be provided wtih a narrow yarn guide groove 106 through which the yarn may pass freely.

I claim:

1. The combination comprising A. a source of yarn,

B. a utility operable at least periodically for continuously drawing yarn from said source,

C. a member provided with a pair of edges,

D. means for training said yarn over said edges for movement thereof in a substantially square loop having sections providing opposed laterally spaced arms of said loop and a section interconnecting said arms and providing a closed end of said loop, the arms of said loop being disposed on opposite sides of a reference plane containing the closed end of said loop and disposed approximately normal to the edges of said edged member,

E. tension leveling means between said yarn source and edged member, said edged member responsive to a predetermined yarn length between said tension leveling means and utility for developing resistance to movement of said yarn over said edged member whereby to induce a predetermined tension in the yarn on the downstream side of said edged member, said tension leveling means being operative for maintaining the length of yarn between said tension leveling means and utility uniform,

F. a heater interposed between said tension leveling device and edged member and operable for heating the yarn to a temperature sufficient to plasticize but insufficient to melt said yarn,

G. means interposed between said edged member and utility for twisting the yarn, and

H. means for restraining the yarn against rolling along the edges of said edged member in response to the twisting effort applied thereto.

2. The combination according to claim 1 wherein the angles included respectively between the opposed arms of the loop and the plane of reference are substantially equal.

3. The combination according to claim 2 wherein the yarn restraining means includes yarn guide means fixed in the yarn path and thereby disposed a substantial distance downstream from the closed end of the loop and a substantial distance from the reference plane for withdrawal of said yarn from the closed end of the loop and away from said reference plane to said yarn guide means, around the latter and then away from said yarn guide means and back toward said reference plane to said yarn twisting means.

4. The combination according to claim 3 wherein the downstream one of said arms extending from the closed end of said loop outwardly away from said reference plane and then back inwardly towards said reference plane, B. drawing continuous filament thermoplastic yarn from a source thereof along said path to a utility, C. restraining said yarn to induce predetermined tension in the same when a predetermined length thereof extends from said utility to a location upstream from said loop,

D. compensating for variations in the length of the yarn extending from said utility to said location whereby to maintain the same uniform,

E. heating the yarn in the portion of the yarn path upstream from said loop to a temperature sufficient to plasticize but insufficient to melt said yam,

F. applying a twisting effort to said yarn at a point downstream from the closed end of said loop and thereby turning said yarn about its axis whereby to twist in one direction the portion thereof extending upstream from said point to the closed end of said loop, and whereby to turn in the opposite direction the portion thereof extending downstream from said point to said utility, and

G. restraining said yarn to secure the portion thereof which is in the form of a substantially square loop against displacement from a predetermined yarn path in response to the applied twisting effort. l

' Attesting Officer UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent NO. 3,782,091 Dat d JANUARY 1, v

Inventofls) RICHARD C SPURGE ON It is certified that errorappears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

7 COLUMN 4, CLAIM 1, Line 2, under paragraph E, after "member" and before "re sponsive" insert --being-'-.

Signed and sealer i: this, ,llth day of June 197 (SEAL) Attest:

c. MARSHALL 1mm f a Commissioner of Patents EDJARD. ummz'rcnam, .m.

Claims

1. The combination comprising A. a source of yarn, B. a utility operable at least periodically for continuously drawing yarn from said source, C. a member provided with a pair of edges, D. means for training said yarn over said edges for movement thereof in a substantially square loop having sections providing opposed laterally spaced arms of said loop and a section interconnecting said arms and providing a closed end of said loop, the arms of said loop being disposed on opposite sides of a reference plane containing the closed end of said loop and disposed approximately normal to the edges of said edged member, E. tension leveling means between said yarn source and edged member, said edged member responsive to a predetermined yarn length between said tension leveling means and utility for developing resistance to movement of said yarn over said edged member whereby to induce a predetermined tension in the yarn on the downstream side of said edged member, said tension leveling means being operative for maintaining the length of yarn between said tension leveling means and utility uniform, F. a heater interposed between said tension leveling device and edged member and operable for heating the yarn to a temperature sufficient to plasticize but insufficient to melt said yarn, G. means interposed between said edged member and utility for twisting the yarn, and H. means for restraining the yarn against rolling along the edges of said edged member in response to the twisting effort applied thereto.

4. The combination according to claim 3 wherein the yarn guide means has a yarn engaging surface on the side thereof remote from the plane of reference.

5. The combination according to claim 4 wherein the yarn guide means is an elongated member substantially parallel to the closed end of the loop.

6. In a method of false twisting a continuous thermoplastic yarn, the steps comprising A. establishing a yarn path having a portion substantially in the form of a square loop having arms disposed respectively on opposite sides of a reference plane containing the closed end of said loop, the downstream one of said arms extending from the closed end of said loop outwardly away from said reference plane and then back inwardly towards said reference plane, B. drawing continuous filament thermoplastic yarn from a source thereof along said path to a utility, C. restraining said yarn to induce predetermined tension in the same when a predetermined length thereof extends from said utility to a location upstream from said loop, D. compensating for variations in the length of the yarn extending from said utility to said location whereby to maintain the same uniform, E. heating the yarn in the portion of the yarn path upstream from said loop to a temperature sufficient to plasticize but insufficient to melt said yarn, F. applying a twisting effort to said yarn at a point downstream from the closed end of said loop and thereby turning said yarn about its axis whereby to twist in one direction the portion thereof extending upstream from said pOint to the closed end of said loop, and whereby to turn in the opposite direction the portion thereof extending downstream from said point to said utility, and G. restraining said yarn to secure the portion thereof which is in the form of a substantially square loop against displacement from a predetermined yarn path in response to the applied twisting effort.