US3775198A

US3775198A - Chemical composition for combustible tip used for friction matches and method for manufacturing same

Info

Publication number: US3775198A
Application number: US00280594A
Authority: US
Inventors: H Hijikata
Original assignee: SHIZUOKA MATCH CO Ltd
Current assignee: SHIZUOKA MATCH CO Ltd; SHIZUOKA MATCH CO Ltd JA
Priority date: 1972-08-14
Filing date: 1972-08-14
Publication date: 1973-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 1990-11-27
Also published as: GB1360336A; NL7310099A

Abstract

Chemical composition for combustible tip including such inflammable components as vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac instead of sulfur used in the conventional chemical composition of sulphurated tip so as to effectively obviate production of disgustful fume and poisonous effect on the human body at the time of ignition and inflammation. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing such chemical composition for combustible tip through development and uniform dispersion of very fine air voids in the composition by active stirring.

Description

United States Patent Hi'ikata Nov. 27, 1973 [54] CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR 2,130,115 9/1938 Biddle 149/85 X COMBUSTIBLE TIP USED FOR FRICTION 2,496,815 2/ 1950 Ringer 149/85 X MATCHES AND METHOD FOR 3,321,342 5/1967 Tigrett et a1. 149/85 X 3,634,152 l/1972 Yanagisawa et al. 149/18 X MANUFACTURING SAME [75] Inventor: I-Iiroshi I-Iiiikata, Shizuoka, Japan Primary Examinerl ,eland A. Sebastian 731 Assignee: Shizuoka Match Co., 1.111., MOWPKW Shizuoka-ken, Japan 22 Filed: Aug. 14, 1972 I ABfSTRAC: b1 1 d emica composition or com usti e tip inc u ing [211 App! 280594 such inflammable components as vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac instead of sulfur used in 52 us. Cl 149/18, 44/42, 149/2, the conventional chemical composition of Solphuratod 149/g5 tip so as to effectively obviate production of disgustful 5] Int. Cl. C06f 3/00 fume and poisonous effect on the human y at the 58 Field of Search 44/42; 149/18; time of ignition and inflammation Also disclosed is o 49/85 method for manufacturing such chemical composition for combustible tip through development and uniform 5 References Cited dispersion of very fine air voids in the composition by UNITED STATES PATENTS 2/1922 Fairbum 149/85 X active stirring.

19 Claims, No Drawings CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR COMBUSTIBLE TIP USED FOR FRICTION MATCHES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME The present invention relates to improved chemical composition for combustible tip used for friction matches and method for manufacturing same. More particularly the present invention relates to a chemical composition used for friction matches not containing sulfur used in the conventional chemical composition of sulphurated tip for friction matches and to a method for manufacturing same.

The conventional sulphurated tip of friction matches are in general composed of about 46 percent by weight of potassium chlorate, about 22.5 percent by weight of glass powder, about 7.7 percent by weight of diatomaceous earth, about 0.7 percent by weight of potassium bichromate, about 8.5 percent by weight of sulfur, about 0.7 percent by weight of turpentine and about 14 percent by weight of glue. Because sulfur is used as the major inflammable component in the chemical blend for sulphurated tip, sulfur dioxide which gas disgustful fume and harmful effect on the human body is produced at the time of inflammation of the sulphurated tip. in addition to such disadvantages, it is very difficult to adjust the content, dimension and degree of dispersion of air voids in the configuration of the sulphurated tip of the friction match. Owing to such difficulty in the adjustment during the production process, one cannot expect uniform ignitability and inflammation speed of the sulphurated tip from match to match. That is, when the content of the air voids in the sulphurated tip is too small, the surface condition of the sulphurated tip may be uniform but the resultant ignitability and inflammability are so large that the sulphurated tip may scatter at the time of inflammation. On the contrary, when the content of the air voids in the sulphurated tip is too large, the resultant surface condition of the sulphurated tip is undesirably degraded, its inflammation is too quick and the sulphurated tip is provided with uneven and fragile configuration.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a new non-sulfur containing tip for friction matches with improved chemical composition and free of the above described disadvantages possessed by the sulphurated tip of friction matches of the conventional chemical composition.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-sulfur containing tip friction matches which are free of production of disgustful fume and are less harmful to human body at the time of inflammation.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a non-sulfur containing combustible tip for friction matches having uniform and stable ignitability and inflammability.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing novel non-sulfur containing combustible tip for friction matches of the above described characteristic features.

In order to attain the above described objects, the chemical composition used for friction matches of the present invention comprises potassium chlorate, powdered glass, diatomaceous earth, turpentine, glue, such inflammable organic component as vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac, aluminium hydroxide and starch and/or sugar.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition for the combustible tip may include titanium dioxide.

In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition for the combustible tip may comprises potassium bichlomate. I

The chemical composition of sulphurated tip of the above described feature is manufactured by the method of the present invention characterized in that a spongy mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate is first formed and stirred actively; such inorganic fillets as powdered glass and aluminium hydroxide, such inflammable organic components as cellulosic substance and shellac, and starch and or sugar added to the solution so prepared; vinyl acetate is added to the mixed solution so obtained and the latter is stirred.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method is characterized in that titanium dioxide is further added to the first prepared solution together with the inorganic filler.

In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the method is characterized in that aqueous solution of potassium bichromate is further added to the first prepared solution after which the latter is actively stirred.

As is clear from above description, in the art of the present invention, such inflammable organic substance as vinyl acetate and cellulosic material or materials such as powdered wood pulp or partially nitrated powdered wood pulp are used as substitutes for sulfur in the chemical composition for combustible tips of the conventional friction matches. In the case of the desirable embodiment, shellac may be included in the match composition as the inflammable organic substance also. In addition to this, some quantity of starch and or sugar is added to the match composition. Further, a small quantity of aluminium hydroxide is added to the mixture of the inorganic filler including powdered glass, etc., and the oxidizer including potassium chlorate etc.

Because the chemical composition of the tip of the present invention does not contain sulfur, no sulfur dioxide gas is produced at the time of the inflammation thereof. Further, addition of vinyl acetate and aluminium hydroxide to the composition greatly contribute to the uniform dispersion of the fine air voids during the manufacturing process thereof and to the maintenance of such very fine and well dispersed air voids in the configuration of the tip of the friction match. Presence of such very fine and uniformly dispersed 'air voids provides the tip of the friction match with enhanced durability against humidity during the storage thereof and increases commercial value. Excellent and reliable ignitimability is assured by the presence of starch and- /or sugar in the match composition and by the spongy configuration of the tip caused by the presence of the very fine and uniformly dispersed air voids. Especially, the presence of starch and/or sugar in the chemical composition of the tip results in strong, stable and long inflammation even under very severe surrounding condition in the actual use thereof, e.g. in a very strongly windy condition. In addition to this, after completion of inflammation, the tip will maintain its shape before the inflammation and the undesirable scattering thereof can be effectively obviated, i. e. the friction match having the tip of the present invention can be used with increased safety.

According to a desirable embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of tip inculudes from 48.0 to 50.0 percent by weight of potassium chlorated, up to 1.0 percent by weight of potassium bichromate, from 24.0 to 26.0 percent by weight of powdered glass, from 3.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of diatomaceous earth, from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight of titanium dioxide, from L to 1.5 percent by weight of aluminium hydroxide, from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of vinyl acetate, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cellulosic material, from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of shellac, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of turpentine, from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of sugar and/or starch and from 14.0 to 15.0 percent by weight of glue.

The tip of the friction match of the present invention having the above-described chemical composition is manufactured by the following method.

In the first place, 40 percent solution of glue is prepared and stirred for from 40 to 50 seconds while the temperature of the solution is kept at 80 C. Then, p0- tassium chlorate is added to this solution and the mixture is stirred vigorously for about minutes so that the solution is brought to a spongy condition through development and mixing of very fine air voids. When desired, a prescribed quantity of potassium bichromate is further added to this spongy solution. In case when tips of white color are desired to be manufactured, this addition of potassium bichromate is omitted. Further, hot water is added to this spongy solution for adjustment of the viscosity and the temperature of same is maintained at from 50 to 60 C. Next, the inorganic filler including powdered glass, titanium dioxide and aluminium hydroxide etc., the inflammable substances including cellulosic materials and shellac etc., starch and vinyl acetate are slowly and successively added to the spongy solution while stirring. When sugar is used as a substitute for starch, sugar in the condition of an aqueous solution is thereafter added to the mixture. When necessary, hot water of from 50 to 60 C is further added thereto and a blended solution of the viscosity from 40 to 70 obtained by suitable stirring after addition of the hot water. The match composition thus obtained is disposed to tip portions of match sticks in usual manner so as to obtain the non-sulfur containing combustible tips of the present invention.

By actively stirring the mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate, potassium chlorate is well mixed with glue solution, very fine air voids are developed and the very fine air voids so developed are uniformly dispersed in the solution so that the resultant solution is provided with spongy configuration. Next, the inorganic filler, the organic inflammable substances and starch are mixed to spongy solution while maintaining the very fine air voids in the configuration of the solution. Addition of such components as vinyl acetate, shellac and turpentine greatly assists the development and long lasting maintenance of the very fine air voids. In addition to this, their coexistence with aluminium hydroxide in the chemical blend for the tip greatly contributes to the maintenance of such very fine air voids and their uniform dispersion even after the chemical blend is dried. This results in the moderate ignitablility and inflamnation speed of the tip in the actual use. Particularly, the addition of starch and/or sugar further contributes to the escalation of the above-described effects. Further addition of such component or components results in the strong and long lasting inflammation in the actual use of the friction match of the present invention. Therefore, the flame can well with-stand the blow of wind and active inflammation can be revived even when the inflammation is once weakened. Therefore, the friction match with the tip of the present invention finds particularly excellent utility when it is used in the strongly windy atmosphere. Furthermore, addition of such components as vinyl acetate and she]- lac etc. provides the resultant tip of the present invention with beautiful appearance and enhanced resistance against humidity attack during the storage thereof. Reliable ignition, uniform inflammation speed, complete inflammation, no scattering of the match composition during the inflammation of the tip and maintenance of the orignial shape of the tip after the inflammation can be assured through employment of the art of the present invention. Further, the employment of the art of the present invention in the manufacturing of the friction matches does not form any bar to the freedom in the selection of the color of the tips, which freedom is very important from the commercial point of view in the match industry.

The following examples are illustrative of the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting same.

EXAMPLE 1.

5600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to a temperature of C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,400 g. of potassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was further stirred very actively for about 10 miuntes so that the solution was placed in a spongy condition through development and mixing of very fine air voids. Further 2 l. of hot water was added to this spongy solution and the temperature of same was maintained at 50 C. A blend, which are composed of g. of shellac, 100 g. of turpentine, 200 g. of powdered wood pulp, 200 g. of starch, 3,800 g. of powdered glass, 400 g. of titanium dioxide, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth and 200 g. of aluminum hydroxide, was further added slowly to the spongy solution so obtained while the latter was being stirred. After completion of this addition, 100 g. of vinyl acetate was added and the blended solution further stirred for 5 to 6 minutes. Finally, 3 l. of water of 50 C temperature was added there-to and the blended solution so obtained was uniformly stirred to an appreciable extent. Friction matches having the white tips made up of the chemical blend so prepared were produced in usual manner. Through the actual use test of the friction match so obtained, it was fairly confirmed that they had very excellent ignitability and inflammability even under severe surrounding conditions, e. g. in very strongly windy atmosphere.

EXAMPLE 2.

5,600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to a temperature of 80 C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,300 g. of potassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was further stirred very actively for about 10 minutes so as to bring the solution to a spongy condition through development and mixing of very fine air voids. After addition of 100 g. of potassium bichromate, 2 l. of hot water was added to the blended solution and the temperature of same was maintained at 55 C. A blend, which was composed of 4,200 g. of powdered glass, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth, 100 g. of titanium dioxide, 200 g. of aluminium hydroxide, 100 g. of powdered cotton, 200 g. of turpentive and 100 g. of shellac was further added slowly to the blended solution so obtained while the latter was being stirred. After completion of this addition, 100 g. of vinyl acetate was slowly added, an aqueous solution containing 200 g. of sugar was further added there-t0 and the blended solution so obtained was uniformly stirred to an appreciable extent. Friction matches having the red tips made up of the chemical blend so prepared were produced in usual manner. Through the actual use test of the friction matches so obtained, it was fairly confirmed that they had very desirable ignitability and inflammability even under severe surrounding conditions, e. g. in very strongly windy and humid atmosphere.

EXAMPLE 3.

5,600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to a temperature of 80 C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,400 g. of potassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was further stirred vigorously for about minutes so that the solution was brought to a spongy condition through development and mixing of fine air voids. Further, 2 l. of hot water was added to this spongy solution and the temperature of same was maintained at 50 C. A blend, which was composed of 100 g. of shellac, 100 g. of turpentine, 200 g. of partially nitrated powdered wood pulp, 200 g. of sugar, 3,800 g. of powdered glass, 400 g. of titanium dioxide, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth and 200 g. of aluminium hydroxide, was further added slowly to the blended solution so obtained while the latter was being stirred. After completion of this addition, 100 g. of vinyl acetate was added and the blended solution was further stirred for 5 to 6 minutes. Finally, 3 l. of water of 50 C was added there-to and the solution so obtained was uniformly stirred to an appreciable extent. Friction matches having the tips made up of the chemical blend so prepared were produced in usual manner. By the actual use test of the friction matches so obtained, it was fairly confirmed that they were provided with very excellent ignitability and inflammability even under severe surrounding conditions, e. g. in very strongy windy atmosphere.

When the friction matches of this example are compared with the ones of example 1, it was learned that a better inflaming condition there-of can be assured by substitution of the partially nitated powdered wood pulp for the usual powdered wood pulp.

What is claimed is:'

1. Improved chemical composition for combustible tips for friction matches, said composition comprising potassium chlorate, powdered glass, diatomaceous earth, turpentine, glue, an inflammable organic component vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac, aluminum hydroxide and a member selected from the group consisting of starch and sugar.

2. Improved chemical composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising from 2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of said inflammable organic component, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of aluminum hydroxide and from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of starch and sugar.

3. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of vinyl acetate.

4. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cellulosic substance. Y

5. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of shellac.

6. lmproved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 1 further comprising titanium dioxide.

7. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 6 wherein the content ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight.

8. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 1 further comprising potassium bichromate.

9. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 8 where the content ratio of said potassium bichromate is in a range up to 1.0 percent by weight.

10. A method for manufacturing combustible tip friction matches which method comprises, combining glue with potassium chlorate, actively stirring the mixture of glue with potassium chlorate to a spongy mixture, adding inorganic fillers selected from the group consisting of powdered glass and aluminum hydroxide to the spongy mixture, adding cellulosic substance and shellac to the spongy mixture, adding a member of the group consisting of starch and sugar to the spongy mixture, thereafter adding vinyl acetate to the spongy mixture and stirring the mass to uniform mixture, and applying the resulting mixture to tips of match sticks.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the blending ratio of said inflammable organic compound is in the range from 2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition, the blending ratio of said aluminum hydroxide is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition, and the blending ratio of said member of the group consisting of starch and sugar is in a range from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition.

12. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said vinyl acetate is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finally .obtained, combustible tip composition.

13. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said cellulosic substance is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.

14. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said shellac is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.

15. Method as claimed in claim, 10 further comprising adding titanium dioxide together with said inorganic filler.

16. Method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the blending ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.

17. Method as claimed in claim 10 further comprising adding aqueous solution of potassium bichromate to said spongy mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate after said active stirring.

18. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said spongy mixed solution is actively stirred for about 10 minutes so that very fine air voids are developed and uniformly dispersed in the solution.

19. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said sugar is added at a stage after addition of said vinyl acetate.

Claims

2. Improved chemical composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising from 2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of said inflammable organic component, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of aluminum hydroxide and from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of starch and sugar.
3. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of vinyl acetate.
4. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cellulosic substance.
5. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of shellac.
6. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 1 further comprising titanium dioxide.
7. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 6 wherein the content ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight.
8. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 1 further comprising potassium bichromate.
9. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 8 where the content ratio of said potassium bichromate is in a range up to 1.0 percent by weight.
10. A method for manufacturing combustible tip friction matches which method comprises, combining glue with potassium chlorate, actively stirring the mixture of glue with potassium chlorate to a spongy mixture, adding inorganic fillers selected from the group consisting of powdered glass and aluminum hydroxide to the spongy Mixture, adding cellulosic substance and shellac to the spongy mixture, adding a member of the group consisting of starch and sugar to the spongy mixture, thereafter adding vinyl acetate to the spongy mixture and stirring the mass to uniform mixture, and applying the resulting mixture to tips of match sticks.
11. The method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the blending ratio of said inflammable organic compound is in the range from 2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition, the blending ratio of said aluminum hydroxide is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition, and the blending ratio of said member of the group consisting of starch and sugar is in a range from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition.
12. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said vinyl acetate is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained, combustible tip composition.
13. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said cellulosic substance is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.
14. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said shellac is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.
15. Method as claimed in claim 10 further comprising adding titanium dioxide together with said inorganic filler.
16. Method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the blending ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustible tip composition.
17. Method as claimed in claim 10 further comprising adding aqueous solution of potassium bichromate to said spongy mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate after said active stirring.
18. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said spongy mixed solution is actively stirred for about 10 minutes so that very fine air voids are developed and uniformly dispersed in the solution.
19. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said sugar is added at a stage after addition of said vinyl acetate.