US376812A - Beough - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES "PATENTS OFFICE. j

onner A. CHESEBROUGH, on NEW YORK, n. Y.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 376,812, dated January 24, 18 3s., Application filed February 1, 1887. Serial No. 226,120. (No model.) Patented in England J uly 2, 1887, No. 9,410; in France July 4, 1887.30. 184,395; in Belgium July 4, 188 N0.

To aZZ whom it may concerm,

Be it known that 1, ROBERT A. CHESE- BROUGH, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hot-AirFurnaces, of which the following is aspecification.

The present invention has been patented by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland by Letters Patent No. 9,410, dated July 2, 1887; by the Republic of France by Brevet d Invention No. 184., 395, dated July 4.,

1887; by the Kingdom of Belgium by Brevet dInvention No. 78,060, dated July 4., 1887, and by the Dominion of Canada by Letters Patent No. 27,570, dated September 3, 1887.

The object of my invention is to provide a hot-air furnace of extremely simple construc-- tion, and in whiohthe hot products from the furnace or fire-place proper will be utilized economically for heating air to a desired temperature without burning the oxygen of the air or overheating it, and in which the products of combustion will not escape into the chamber or casing for heated air.

In carrying out my invention I provide a base or foundation,which may be of masonry, and on this base or foundation I place one or more inverted or dome shaped chambers,

which may be of cast metal, and the lower edges of which are embedded or otherwise secured uponthebase or foundation in' an airtight and smoke-tight manner. A casing,which may be of masonry, surrounds the chamber or chambers, and is provided with a suitable inletfor cold air and an escape pipe or pipes for heated air, the air within the casing being heated by contact with the exterior of the chamber or chambers. Afurnace or fire-place is built at the side of the air-casing, and from the furnace an escape flue, for products of combustion, which is constructed in the base or foundation, extends beneath the chamberor chambers, and this escape-flue communicates with the chamber or with the several chambers in succession -by inlet and outlet openings,commonly separated by a deflector which intercepts the flue,and may extend upward to the desired height into the chamber. The walls of the air-casing may be sufficiently reo-moved from the raised base or foundation to afford a space or channel on opposite sides 78,060, and in Canada September 3, 1887, No. 27,570.

thereof, and into the spaces or channels on op posite sides of the base or foundation lead airinlet openings, while the" hot ai'r-escape pipe or pipes extend from the top of 'the casing. The object of thus bringing the cold-air-inlet openings at as low a level as possible and below the bottom of the chamber or chambers is to insure a draft orpassage of air'throngh the lower inlet-openings, thence in contact with the exterior of the chamberiorchambers, and thence upward through the air-escape pipe or pipes.

The invention will be herein more fully de-. scribed, and pointed out in the claims. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1- is a longitudinal section of a hot-airfurnace or air-heating apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section thereof on about the plane indicated by the dotted linewm, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section thereof on' aboutthe plane, indicated by the dotted liney y, Fig. 1. tional elevation similar to Fig. 1 ofv a furnace having but a single inverted ordome-shaped chamber, through which the products of combustion pass; and Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation similar to Fig. 4, showing a modification of my invention.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Fig. etis a 'sec- I will first describe the construction shownw in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

- A designates the base or foundation, which may havea horizontal surface,and on which I support a number or series of dome-shaped or inverted chambers, B. I have here repre- 1 s'ented two such chambers, and they'may consist simply of inverted pot-like vessels of cast metal, destitute of any bottom and resting with an air-tight andsmoke-tight j oint uponthe bed or foundation A, the bed or foundation be lower edgedownwardly extending ribs or flanges b, which embed themselves by the weight of the chamber, and alsoby any press I), of fire-clay or other material. The joints I00 I ma which maybe applied to it,into the facing which each chamber B forms with the bed or foundation may also be luted or covered with fire-clay,b,to prevent leakage of the products of combustion.

C designates an air-casing, which may be of brick-work and which incloses the chambers B. The top of this casing may be supported by iron bearers or cross-bars 0, and the side walls of the casing C may be at such distance from the opposite sides of the bed or foundation A as to form longitudinal channels or spaces 0, as shown in Fig. 2, for a purpose hereinafter described. In the side of the casing C may be a door, 0, which may be double, so as to form a dead-air space to prevent radiation, and through which access may be had to the interior of the casing O for sealing the chambers B by luting b in case there should be after use any leakage of products of combustion from said chambers B into the air-casing 0.

D designates a furnace or fire-place, having a grate, d, and fire and ash-pit doors d d, and from this furnace the products of combustion pass over the bridge-wall d into and through the flue E. This flue E is approximately horizontal through the bed or foundation A and beneath the chambers B, and it communicates at its farther end with the smoke-pipe e, and it also communicatessuccessively with the two or more chambers B of the series by inletopenings 6 and outlet-openings e. The top of the flue E may be formed of tiles e which are flush on the surface with the bed or foundation A, and the inlet and outlet openings 6 6", leading to and from each chamber B, may be formed simply by omitting certain of the tiles.

In the present example of my invention the flue E beneath each chamber is interrupted by a partition or deflector, e, which extends upward to the proper height. within the chamber B, and which compels the products of combustion, as they pass along the flue E in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 1, to take the course indicated by arrows in said figure that is to say, upward into the chamber B, thence over the partition or deflector e, and downward through the outlet-opening a. By this arrangement the products of combustion circulate within the chamber B which is nearest to the furnace D, and from that chamber they pass to the next, and so on throughout the several chambers employed in the series. It will be seen that by this construction I avoid the necessity for any joints for pipes, &c., in the chambers B, which may be made integral of a single piece of cast metal, and the joint between the lower edges of such chambers and the bed or foundation A may be easily kept tight. I have here shown in the bridge-wall d a cleaning-hole, b, which may be closed by a door or stopper, and at the junction of the smoke-pipe c with the flue E is a second cleaning-holed, also closed by a stopper. Through these holesa rake or hoe may be'inserted for cleaning out the flue E.

One or more escape or outlet pipes for heated air extend from the top of the air-casing 0, and three such pipes, 0 are here represented. The casing C also has suitable inlets for cold air, and such air is heated by contact with the exterior of the chambers B and passes in a heated condition through the outlet-pipes C. It is necessary that the inlet-openings be so arranged that the air will pass through the casing G in the proper direction, and for this reason it is desirable to have the inlet-openings as low as possible in the casing O. I have here represented these inlet-'openingsf at the extreme bottom of the casing O, and they may admit cold ain into the channel-like spaces 0' at opposite sides of the bed or foundation A, as shown at Fig. 2. The air is heated by contact with the chambers B, and by arranging the inlet-openingsflow down in the casing the circulation of air through the casing in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 2 is secured. As here represented, these openings are at short distances apart, as best shown in Fig. 1, along the two sides of the casing; but they might be upon a single side only. The inlet-openings f on each side take their supply from a cold-air box, f, which may be supplied by a pipe, f leading to the outside of the building.

The example of my invention shown in Fig. 4 corresponds in all respects to that shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, save that in Fig.4 a single chamber only, B, is supported upon the base or foundation A.

For convenience, the dome-shaped chamber B may be cast in two or more sections, bolted together with bolts and using a rust-joint, as shown at sin Fig. 4, so as to prevent the es cape into the air-casing G of any of the products of combustion; but it will be evident that it will be better to cast the chamber B in one piece when the location will admit of it.

In Fig. 5 I have shown, as a slight modification of my invention, a furnace in which the air-casing O is not constructed of brick-work, as in the previous figures, and consists of a sheet-metal shell of shape similar to the chamber B, but larger. This shell, which has an outlet-pipe, O, for the escape of heated air, may be covered with asbestos, 0, or other nonconducting material, and may rest upon and be secured to a flange, 0, projecting .from the exterior of the chamber B. Inlet-openings for cold air may be provided in the flange o, as shown at o, and the air entering those openings will be heated by contact with the exterior of the chamber B, and will finally escape at the pipe 0.

To heat large halls or buildings, two or more rows of chambers B maybe inclosed in one casing O, and each row heated by a separate flue, E, the products of combustion from IIO the external furnace passing through these flues beneath the chambers B and communieating with them in succession, and there being as many flues as there are lines or rows of c 5 chambers.

What I. claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isk p 1. The combination, wit-ha base or foundation and a metal chamber supported thereon, of a casing surrounding such chamber and having an inlet for cold air andan outlet for heated air, a furnace for supplying heat external to the casing, and a fluefor products of combustion extending from the furnace t through the base'and beneath the chamber and communicating with the interior of the chamber, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with the base A and the chamber B, supported thereon, of the air-caszo ing having a cold-air inlet and a heated-air outlet, an external furnace, D, and a flue, E,

leading'from the furnace through the base and intercepted at the opening under the chamber B by a deflector, substantially as herein described. c

3, The combination, with the base or founternal to said casing,'and a combustion-flue extending from the furnace throughv the base and communicating'withthe chambers in succession, substantially as herein described.

4. The combination, with the base or foun-f dation A and thechamb'er B, of a casing, O,

surrounding said chamber and leaving a space, a, between it and the base or foundation, and provided with air-inlets into said spacebelow thetop of the base or foundation, and

E, extending from the furnace through the base with a hot-air-escape pipe,a furnace,and a flue, i

or foundation directly beneaththe chamber, 1

and having inlet and outlet openings e'e,

whereby it communieateswith said chamber substantially as herein described.

. ROBT. A. GHESEBROUGH. 4

Witnesses:

O. HALL,- MINERT'LINDEMAN.

Images