US3637373A - Compositions for the treatment of molten iron - Google Patents
Compositions for the treatment of molten iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3637373A US3637373A US14799A US3637373DA US3637373A US 3637373 A US3637373 A US 3637373A US 14799 A US14799 A US 14799A US 3637373D A US3637373D A US 3637373DA US 3637373 A US3637373 A US 3637373A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- iron
- treatment
- molten iron
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 65
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 32
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 FeSiMg Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
Definitions
- This invention relates to a composition for the treatment of molten iron.
- the composition is particularly useful for the production of nodular iron, it can be used also for other purposes, such as the desulphurization of iron.
- the above named disadvantages are reduced by the present invention which relates to a composition for the treatment of molten iron, which is cheap and gives a high yield and low temperature losses, simultaneously as no complicated or expensive equipment is required.
- the composition according to the present invention is characterized in that it consists of a mechanical mixture, compacted into solid porous bodies, of at least magnesium which serves as an alloying agent, and sponge iron which serves as a reaction retarding agent.
- magnesium powder is mixed mechanically with crushed sponge iron, whereupon the mixture is compacted into solid bodies.
- the mixture can thus be briquetted. It can also be combined with a suitable bonding agent to form the solid bodies.
- the briquettes may be given for instance cylindrical shape, with a diameter of 120 mm. and a height of -150 mm.; in other words, the solid bodies have a volume in the order of 1,000 cubic centimeters.
- the amount of magnesium in the said bodies can be varied within wide limits depending upon the desired amount of mag-' nesium in the iron.
- the magnesium may amount to 4-40 percent of the wei ht of the bodies preferably 5-25 percent.
- the bodies are porous so that, according as the temperature therein rises, the magnesium gas formed is forced out and alloyed with the iron.
- a suitable porosity is obtained if an apparent density of between 2 and 4 grams per cubic centimeter is imparted to the solid bodies, the lower apparent density being used for a composition having a large amount of magnesium and the higher apparent density for a composition having a low amount of magnesium.- Normally, the apparent density will lie at approximately 3 grams per cubic centimeter.
- the theoretical density of sponge iron is approximately 7 grams per cubic centimeter, for which reason the bodies have a porosity of approximately 50 percent.
- reaction retarding agent of composition consists of cast iron turnings instead of sponge iron.
- minor amounts of other substances may also be included in the mechanical mixture compacted into the solid bodies, for instance cerium, mischmetal and the like or ferrosilicon, graphite, slag binders and the like, the amount of the additive normally being approximately 0.5 percent.
- the solid bodies can be introduced by means of an immersion ladle or the like into a cast iron melt in a processing ladle, whereby the alloying with magnesium is obtained.
- An agent for use in the treatment of molten iron which consists essentially of a porous body consisting essentially of a mechanical mixture of sponge iron and magnesium powder, the latter in the proportion of 4-40 percent of the weight of the body, the porosity of the body being approximately 50 percent, the apparent density of the porous body being between 2 and 4 grams per cubic centimeter.
- porous body additionally contains approximately 0.5 percent of a member selected from the group consisting of cerium, ferrosilicon, graphite, or slag binder and a mixture thereof.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A composition for the treatment of molten iron consists of a mechanical mixture, compacted into solid porous bodies, of magnesium which serves as a treatment agent, and sponge iron as a reaction retarding agent.
Description
United States Patent Bylund et al.
[54] COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MOLTEN IRON [72] Inventors: Karl Gusten Bylund; Evert Henry Bark,
both of Halleforsnas, Sweden AB Jarnloradling, Halleforsnas, Sweden Mar. 2, 1970 [73] Assignee:
[22] Filed:
[21] Appl.No.: 14,799
Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 734,5]8, June 5, I968,
[451 Jan. 25, 1972 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS l,555,978 10/1925 Hunt ..75/53 X 3 ,393,996 7/1968 Robertson 3,459,54l 8/1969 Hohl ..75/13O Primary Examiner-L. Dewayne Rutledge Assistant Examiner-.loseph E. Legru Attorney-Ralph E. Bucknam, Jesse D. Reingold and Robert R. Strack [57] ABSTRACT A composition for the treatment of molten iron consists of a mechanical mixture, compacted into solid porous bodies, of magnesium which serves as a treatment agent, and sponge iron as a reaction retarding agent.
3 Claims, No Drawings COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MOLTEN IRON This application is a continuation application of Ser. No. 734,518, filed June 5, 1968, now abandoned.
This invention relates to a composition for the treatment of molten iron. Although the composition is particularly useful for the production of nodular iron, it can be used also for other purposes, such as the desulphurization of iron.
in the production of nodular iron by alloying with magnesium, pure magnesium or alloys having varying amounts of magnesium, such as FeSiMg, NiMg or the like, are usually employed. Various techniques have been used for introducing the magnesium into the iron. In alloying with pure magnesium, there are used either various injection procedures by which pulverulent or granular magnesium is blown into the iron in an open vessel by means of a carrier gas, or large pieces of magnesium are allowed to react with the molten iron in a hermetically sealed vessel in which a high pressure is built up. The magnesium alloys can be deposited on the bottom of the alloying vessel, sometimes covered with reaction retarding iron plates, whereupon the iron is poured over the alloys. It is also possible to throw the alloys down into the molten iron, especially if they have a higher density than the molten iron. Alloys lighter than iron are often introduced by means of immersion ladies or the like, At the iron temperatures at which alloying occurs, magnesium is in the gaseous state with very high steam pressures, for which reason the reaction will be extremely intense, especially as the magnesium alloys melt and are gasified very rapidly so that a large amount of magnesium gas is generated within a very short time. A strong boil is obtained, and as the alloying is usually done in open vessels, some iron is often thrown out of the reaction vessel and a powerful flame of burning magnesium gas is obtained from the magnesium not dissolved in the iron. The yield, calculated as the amount of magnesium in the nodular iron in relation to the amount of added magnesium, will be very low and seldom exceeds 0.5 (-50 percent). The disadvantages of the methods hitherto employed can be summarized as follows:
1. Alloying with NiMg (15 percent Mg). This is an extremely costly technique since the Ni metal is very expensive, and besides this method results in troublesome flames and low yield.
2. Alloying with FeSiMg (5-20 percent Mg). This method produces extremely troublesome flames and involves a risk of iron ejection. Yields are low.
3. a. injection methods. These methods produce very strong flames and involve the risk that molten iron is ejected from the treatment vessel. Moreover, the temperatures are high and the yields extremely low. 7
3. b. Pressure chamber methods. These methods require complicated and expensive equipment with vessels in which a high pressure is generated. Besides, some of these methods give great temperature losses and low yields.
The above named disadvantages are reduced by the present invention which relates to a composition for the treatment of molten iron, which is cheap and gives a high yield and low temperature losses, simultaneously as no complicated or expensive equipment is required. The composition according to the present invention is characterized in that it consists of a mechanical mixture, compacted into solid porous bodies, of at least magnesium which serves as an alloying agent, and sponge iron which serves as a reaction retarding agent. In the production of the bodies, magnesium powder is mixed mechanically with crushed sponge iron, whereupon the mixture is compacted into solid bodies. The mixture can thus be briquetted. It can also be combined with a suitable bonding agent to form the solid bodies. The briquettes may be given for instance cylindrical shape, with a diameter of 120 mm. and a height of -150 mm.; in other words, the solid bodies have a volume in the order of 1,000 cubic centimeters.
The amount of magnesium in the said bodies can be varied within wide limits depending upon the desired amount of mag-' nesium in the iron. Thus, the magnesium may amount to 4-40 percent of the wei ht of the bodies preferably 5-25 percent.
It is important t at the magnesium serving as the alloying agent melts and is gasified rather slowly so that the magnesium gas passes through the iron in a relatively slow stream, which will result in smaller flames and higher yields. To this end, the bodies are porous so that, according as the temperature therein rises, the magnesium gas formed is forced out and alloyed with the iron. A suitable porosity is obtained if an apparent density of between 2 and 4 grams per cubic centimeter is imparted to the solid bodies, the lower apparent density being used for a composition having a large amount of magnesium and the higher apparent density for a composition having a low amount of magnesium.- Normally, the apparent density will lie at approximately 3 grams per cubic centimeter. For purposes of comparison, it can be mentioned that the theoretical density of sponge iron is approximately 7 grams per cubic centimeter, for which reason the bodies have a porosity of approximately 50 percent.
According to a modification of the invention, the reaction retarding agent of composition consists of cast iron turnings instead of sponge iron.
In some cases, minor amounts of other substances may also be included in the mechanical mixture compacted into the solid bodies, for instance cerium, mischmetal and the like or ferrosilicon, graphite, slag binders and the like, the amount of the additive normally being approximately 0.5 percent.
In the production of nodular iron, the solid bodies can be introduced by means of an immersion ladle or the like into a cast iron melt in a processing ladle, whereby the alloying with magnesium is obtained.
The invention is not restricted to the above described embodiments and can be varied within the scope of the appended claims.
What we claim is:
1. An agent for use in the treatment of molten iron, which consists essentially of a porous body consisting essentially of a mechanical mixture of sponge iron and magnesium powder, the latter in the proportion of 4-40 percent of the weight of the body, the porosity of the body being approximately 50 percent, the apparent density of the porous body being between 2 and 4 grams per cubic centimeter.
2. The agent according to claim 1 wherein the magnesium is present in the amount of 5-25 percent.
3. The agent according to claim 1, wherein the porous body additionally contains approximately 0.5 percent of a member selected from the group consisting of cerium, ferrosilicon, graphite, or slag binder and a mixture thereof.
Claims (2)
- 2. The agent according to claim 1 wherein the magnesium is present in the amount of 5-25 percent.
- 3. The agent according to claim 1, wherein the porous body additionally contains approximately 0.5 percent of a member selected from the group consisting of cerium, ferrosilicon, graphite, a slag binder and a mixture thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8044/67A SE321095B (en) | 1967-06-08 | 1967-06-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3637373A true US3637373A (en) | 1972-01-25 |
Family
ID=20272991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14799A Expired - Lifetime US3637373A (en) | 1967-06-08 | 1970-03-02 | Compositions for the treatment of molten iron |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3637373A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1758468B1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI48853C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1568576A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1201397A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO123576B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE321095B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3945819A (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1976-03-23 | N L Industries, Inc. | Ferrous metal network impregnated with magnesium metal |
| US3957502A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1976-05-18 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Addition of magnesium to molten metal |
| US3984233A (en) * | 1975-02-12 | 1976-10-05 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Ferrous metal network impregnated with rare earth metals |
| US4224069A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-09-23 | General Motors Corporation | Transportation stable magnesium and iron diluent particle mixtures for treating molten iron |
| US4362562A (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1982-12-07 | Electro-Nite | Method for taking samples from pig-iron melts |
| US6372014B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-04-16 | Rossborough Manufacturing Co. L.P. | Magnesium injection agent for ferrous metal |
| US6383249B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-05-07 | Rossborough Manufacturing Co. Lp | Magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US20040083851A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-06 | Rossborough Manufacturing Company, A Delaware Corporation | Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US20070221012A1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-09-27 | Magnesium Technologies Corporation | Scrap bale for steel making process |
| US20080196548A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Magnesium Technologies Corporation | Desulfurization puck |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2231755A1 (en) * | 1973-05-28 | 1974-12-27 | Pont A Mousson | Spheroidising inoculant for graphite cast iron - using pellets made from pure magnesium and iron powders and placed in the downgate |
| JPS5261115A (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1977-05-20 | Aikoh Co | Magnesium base iron melt treating material |
| DE2753282C2 (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1984-05-30 | Foseco International Ltd., Birmingham | Agent for the metallurgical treatment of liquid iron and use of the agent |
| DE2948636A1 (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1981-06-11 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | WIRE-SHAPED AGENT FOR TREATING METAL MELT |
| GB9021351D0 (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1990-11-14 | Castex Prod | Magnesium alloying agent |
| EP3170578B1 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2021-06-30 | GF Casting Solutions Kunshan Co. Ltd. | Process for the production of a cast piece from cast iron with spheroidal graphite |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1555978A (en) * | 1920-08-26 | 1925-10-06 | American Magnesium Corp | Metal stock |
| US3393996A (en) * | 1965-11-29 | 1968-07-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Treating agent for ferrous metals |
| US3459541A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | 1969-08-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Process for making nodular iron |
-
1967
- 1967-06-08 SE SE8044/67A patent/SE321095B/xx unknown
-
1968
- 1968-06-04 GB GB26527/68A patent/GB1201397A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-06-07 DE DE19681758468 patent/DE1758468B1/en not_active Ceased
- 1968-06-07 NO NO2242/68A patent/NO123576B/no unknown
- 1968-06-07 FR FR1568576D patent/FR1568576A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-06-07 FI FI681612A patent/FI48853C/en active
-
1970
- 1970-03-02 US US14799A patent/US3637373A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1555978A (en) * | 1920-08-26 | 1925-10-06 | American Magnesium Corp | Metal stock |
| US3393996A (en) * | 1965-11-29 | 1968-07-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Treating agent for ferrous metals |
| US3459541A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | 1969-08-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Process for making nodular iron |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3957502A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1976-05-18 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Addition of magnesium to molten metal |
| US3945819A (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1976-03-23 | N L Industries, Inc. | Ferrous metal network impregnated with magnesium metal |
| US3984233A (en) * | 1975-02-12 | 1976-10-05 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Ferrous metal network impregnated with rare earth metals |
| US4224069A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-09-23 | General Motors Corporation | Transportation stable magnesium and iron diluent particle mixtures for treating molten iron |
| US4362562A (en) * | 1980-02-20 | 1982-12-07 | Electro-Nite | Method for taking samples from pig-iron melts |
| US6383249B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-05-07 | Rossborough Manufacturing Co. Lp | Magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US6372014B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-04-16 | Rossborough Manufacturing Co. L.P. | Magnesium injection agent for ferrous metal |
| US6395058B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-05-28 | Rossborough Manufacturing Co. L.P. | Method of alloying ferrous material with magnesium injection agent |
| US20040083851A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-06 | Rossborough Manufacturing Company, A Delaware Corporation | Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US6989040B2 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2006-01-24 | Gerald Zebrowski | Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US20060021467A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2006-02-02 | Magnesium Technologies, Inc. | Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent |
| US20070221012A1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-09-27 | Magnesium Technologies Corporation | Scrap bale for steel making process |
| US7731778B2 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2010-06-08 | Magnesium Technologies Corporation | Scrap bale for steel making process |
| US20080196548A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Magnesium Technologies Corporation | Desulfurization puck |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1201397A (en) | 1970-08-05 |
| FI48853B (en) | 1974-09-30 |
| DE1758468B1 (en) | 1973-08-23 |
| NO123576B (en) | 1971-12-13 |
| FI48853C (en) | 1975-01-10 |
| FR1568576A (en) | 1969-05-23 |
| SE321095B (en) | 1970-02-23 |
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