US3628978A - Method of nucleating aluminum - Google Patents
Method of nucleating aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- US3628978A US3628978A US761852A US3628978DA US3628978A US 3628978 A US3628978 A US 3628978A US 761852 A US761852 A US 761852A US 3628978D A US3628978D A US 3628978DA US 3628978 A US3628978 A US 3628978A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- aluminum support
- aqueous
- silver salt
- grained aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC(O)C([O-])=O LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBWNDBNSJFCLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3h-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-thione Chemical compound N1=CNC(=S)C2=C1SC1=C2CCC(C)C1 RBWNDBNSJFCLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver nitrite Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N=O KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKHWJBVVWVYFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Ag+] UKHWJBVVWVYFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/06—Silver salts
- G03F7/07—Silver salts used for diffusion transfer
Definitions
- the invention is concerned with the production of metallic plates for use in making lithographic printing plates by the silver salt diffusion process.
- the silver salt diffusion process is a widely used commercial process wherein an imagewise exposed silver halide emulsion layer is developed in the presence of a silver halide solvent in such a manner that the undeveloped silver halide diffuses into the adjacent receiving sheet, where it is developed to give the desired image.
- the development nuclei such as silver nuclei deposited on the receiving sheet receive the developed silver from the difi'using silver halide and thus an image is formed thereon.
- the practice in making a photolithographic printing plate is to produce an oleophilic image on hydrophilic support which can be put into an inking machine whereby large numbers, up to 20,000 copies can usually be made very rapidly from the one plate.
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support which comprises the steps of treating said grained aluminum support with an alkaline bath and subjecting said aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution, thereby providing a nucleated aluminum support adaptable for use as a lithographic receiving sheet.
- the above recited steps of treating the grained aluminum support with an alkaline bath and then subjecting said grained aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution can advantageously be performed simultaneously by initially dissolving the silver salt in the alkaline bath, thus yielding a single step process.
- the present invention requires only that the aluminum support be grained. Anodizing the support is unnecessary. Secondly, no colloidal binder is used. Treatment of the aluminum support with a colloidal dispersion of the element to be deposited thereon is eliminated; thus the commercially preferred water-soluble silver salts can be used. And fourth, the entire process, either the two step or the one step embodiment, can be accomplished in no more than 60 seconds. Thus, not only is the process of the present invention simple and reliable, but the extreme rapidity of the entire process represents a clear advance over known prior art techniques.
- the soluble silver salt contained dis solved in the aqueous bath used according to the present invention can be an inorganic, water-soluble salt such as silver nitrate, silver nitrite, silver sulfate, silver perchlorate, and the like, or it can be an organic silver salt such as silver acetate or silver lactate. Although the silver lactate, silver nitrate or silver acetate salts are preferred, it is believed that almost any water-soluble silver salt would give useful results. Other cations can also be used instead of silver or in addition to silver, provided they are more electropositive than aluminum.
- the foregoing silver salts are especially useful in the above described two step embodiment of the present invention wherein a grained aluminum support is first bathed in an alkaline solution followed by furtherv bathing in the aqueous silver salt solution.
- the step of bathing in an alkaline medium is readily accomplished through the use of a large number of suitable basic solutions.
- Aqueous solutions of the alkali and alkaline-earth metal hydroxides, oxides and anhydrides are useful.
- the only real limitation is of course that the particular basic material selected must be water-soluble. lt has been found that 0.1 normal solutions of potassium, ammonium and sodium hydroxide serve as preferred alkaline baths.
- the concentration of the alkaline solution will vary depending on the desired pH.
- alkaline baths include an aqueous solution of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide as well as a weak base such as ammonium hydroxide.
- Alkaline solutions having a pH within the range of about 10 to 14 are acceptable for use according to the instant invention, including both the two step embodiment and the one-step embodiment discussed immediately hereinafter.
- the method of the present invention for deposition of the development nuclei wherein the grained aluminum surface is treated by bathing in an aqueous solution of the silver salt ensures that the amount of the silver nuclei deposited on the surface per unit area is low.
- Silver salt solutions which may be used in either the above described one-step or two-step embodiments contain between about 0.2 and 0.0005 mole of silver salt per litre.
- the grained aluminum support (or foil as it is referred to in the art) utilized in the present invention can be prepared by any of a variety of well-known techniques.
- a suitably grained sheet bearing a fine sharp lithographic grain has been produced by a chemical etching technique, a suitable material for conventional platemaking being that sold commercially by Addressograph Multigraph.
- Other suitable techniques include mechanical brushing or grinding.
- a wide variety of diverse techniques are known and can be utilized.
- the fact that the foil is grained ensures that the foil is sufficiently hydrophilic and also ensures the absence of contaminants such as oil.
- EXAMPLE 1 A brushed-grained aluminum support 0.005 inch thick is placed in an 0.5 percent aqueous bath of sodium hydroxide for 30 seconds at room temperature and the excess removed by water rinse.
- the brushed grained aluminum support is placed in a 0.l N aqueous silver acetate bath for 30 seconds at room temperature, rinsed and dried.
- nucleated aluminum support is then coated with an emulsion, contact exposed to a line positive, developed and further treated as described in British Pat. specification, Ser. No. 934,691, after which its press performance is that of a satisfactory lithographic printing plate.
- EXAMPLE 2 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.] N aqueous silver lactate is substituted for the aqueous silver acetate bath.
- EXAMPLE 3 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.1 N aqueous silver nitrate is substituted for the aqueous silver acetate bath.
- EXAMPLE 4 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.5 percent aqueous potassium hydroxide is substituted for the sodium hydroxide bath.
- EXAMPLE 5 In this example, concentrated ammonium hydroxide is added to 0.l N silver nitrate in sufficient excess quantity to form silver hydroxide and dissolve it. To this solution is added a 0.1 N solution of sodium hydroxide equivalent to the silver. The resultant aqueous alkaline solution already containing the silver salt completely dissolved therein is then used as a bathing solution. That is, a grained aluminum foil identical to that described in example 1 is bathed in the alkaline solution for one minute at room temperature, rinsed and dried.
- the resultant grained aluminum support having silver nuclei deposited thereon is then further treated as described in example 1 above, the result of which is the production of a satisfac tor lithographic rinting plate.
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support which comprises the steps of treating said grained aluminum support with an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths and subjecting said aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution, thereby providing a nucleated aluminum support adaptable for use as a lithographic receiving sheet.
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support wherein the steps of treating the grained aluminum support with an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths and then subjecting said grained aluminum support to treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution are performed simultaneously by initially dissolving the silver salt in said bath thereby yielding a single step process.
- an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver acetate, and silver lactate.
- a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim I wherein the said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide; and wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver acetate, silver nitrate, and silver lactate.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Silver precipitating nuclei are deposited on a grained aluminum support such that said support can be used as a photolithographic receiving surface in a silver salt diffusion process by contacting the support with an alkaline bath and then contacting with an aqueous silver salt solution. In an alternative one-step treatment, an alkaline solution containing the silver salt is used.
Description
United States Patent [72] Inventor Edward C. Yackel Pittsiord, NT.
[21] Appl. No. 761,852
[22] Filed Sept. 23, 1968 [45] Patented Dec. 21, 1971 {73] Assignee Eastman Kodak Company Rochester, NY.
[54] METHOD OF NUCLEATING ALUMINUM 7 Claims, No Drawings [52] U.S.Cl 117/34, 117/50, 117/130 R, 96/29, 96/33 [51] Int. Cl B44d1/092, 844d 1/02 [50] Field of Search 117/50, 34, 130 R; 96/29, 33
{56] Reierenees Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,390,944 12/1945 King 117/50 X 3,186,842 6/1965 De Haes et al.... 96/33 X 3,278,958 10/1966 Regan et al. 96/33 X 3,300,306 l/1967 Sevens et al. 96/33 X FOREIGN PATENTS 934,693 8/1963 Great Britain 96/29 Primary Examiner-Alfred L. Leavitt Assistant Examiner- Edward G. Whitby Att0rneysW. H. J. Kline, B. D. Wiese and H. E. Byers METHOD OF NUCLEATING ALUMINUM This invention relates to a method of preparing lithographic printing forms, particularly to lithographic printing plates made photographically.
The invention is concerned with the production of metallic plates for use in making lithographic printing plates by the silver salt diffusion process. As explained in British Pat. specification, Ser. No. 934,691, the silver salt diffusion process is a widely used commercial process wherein an imagewise exposed silver halide emulsion layer is developed in the presence of a silver halide solvent in such a manner that the undeveloped silver halide diffuses into the adjacent receiving sheet, where it is developed to give the desired image. The development nuclei such as silver nuclei deposited on the receiving sheet receive the developed silver from the difi'using silver halide and thus an image is formed thereon.
When using such a receiving sheet or support in lithography, both water and a greasy ink are applied and the support is sufficiently hydrophilic to accept water preferentially to the greasy ink, while the oleophilic image accepts ink preferentially to the water. Hence, to obtain good prints it is necessary that the difference in hydrophilic and oleophilic properties of the image and the background surface of the receiving sheet be sufficiently great that when water and ink are applied, the image will accept sufficient ink without the background accepting any ink at all.
The practice in making a photolithographic printing plate is to produce an oleophilic image on hydrophilic support which can be put into an inking machine whereby large numbers, up to 20,000 copies can usually be made very rapidly from the one plate.
in known processes wherein a silver image is formed on a receiving sheet by the silver salt diffusion process described above, it is usual to apply to the receiving surface on which the desired silver image is formed a gelatin solution containing both the development nuclei such as silver and a colloidal binder in which the nuclei are embedded. However, it is not possible to use the image developed therein as a lithographic printing plate because on wetting the layer for the purpose of making the nonsilver areas oleophobic, the gelatin of the silver areas is also rendered oleophobic. Thus, the silver image formed on the support does not accept sufficient ink to serve as a useful lithographic printing plate.
To remedy this very serious problem, extensive research has been and is presently underway to discover commercially practicable methods whereby development nuclei can be deposited on a satisfactory receiving surface without the use of a gelatin binder. As described in the aforementioned British Pat. specification, it has been found that a suitably grained and/or anodized aluminum sheet provides an excellent hydrophilic receiving surface for the development nuclei.
Various experimental tests have been conducted on such an aluminum support on which silver nuclei have been deposited. Although it has been established that aluminum receiving sheets containing silver nuclei deposited thereon are very satisfactory and are especially useful in the production of silver salt sensitized lithographic printing plates, it has also been recognized that the deposition of the nuclei on the receiving sheet (or nucleation of the receiving sheets as it is often referred to in the art) is a rather involved and somewhat uncertain process in which the interdependence of the various operations such as graining, anodizing, and application of the nuclei are not well understood and frequently result in an unsatisfactory material.
In other known processes such as that described in British Pat. specification, Ser. No. 934,692, nucleation of anodized and/or grained metallic surfaces requires treatment of the metallic surface with an aqueous colloidal dispersion of silver or gold particles. Although satisfactory results have been ob tained by this process, the process is limited to aqueous colloidal dispersions of the element to be deposited on the receiving surface. Thus, use of the water-soluble silver salts such as silver nitrate and silver acetate, etc. which are the silver salts generally utilized and preferred in commercial lithographic processes is prohibited.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support which comprises the steps of treating said grained aluminum support with an alkaline bath and subjecting said aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution, thereby providing a nucleated aluminum support adaptable for use as a lithographic receiving sheet. in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the above recited steps of treating the grained aluminum support with an alkaline bath and then subjecting said grained aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution can advantageously be performed simultaneously by initially dissolving the silver salt in the alkaline bath, thus yielding a single step process.
Several important aspects of the present invention should be particularly noted. First, it can be seen that the present invention requires only that the aluminum support be grained. Anodizing the support is unnecessary. Secondly, no colloidal binder is used. Treatment of the aluminum support with a colloidal dispersion of the element to be deposited thereon is eliminated; thus the commercially preferred water-soluble silver salts can be used. And fourth, the entire process, either the two step or the one step embodiment, can be accomplished in no more than 60 seconds. Thus, not only is the process of the present invention simple and reliable, but the extreme rapidity of the entire process represents a clear advance over known prior art techniques.
It has been found that the soluble silver salt contained dis solved in the aqueous bath used according to the present invention can be an inorganic, water-soluble salt such as silver nitrate, silver nitrite, silver sulfate, silver perchlorate, and the like, or it can be an organic silver salt such as silver acetate or silver lactate. Although the silver lactate, silver nitrate or silver acetate salts are preferred, it is believed that almost any water-soluble silver salt would give useful results. Other cations can also be used instead of silver or in addition to silver, provided they are more electropositive than aluminum.
The foregoing silver salts are especially useful in the above described two step embodiment of the present invention wherein a grained aluminum support is first bathed in an alkaline solution followed by furtherv bathing in the aqueous silver salt solution. In this embodiment the step of bathing in an alkaline medium is readily accomplished through the use of a large number of suitable basic solutions. Aqueous solutions of the alkali and alkaline-earth metal hydroxides, oxides and anhydrides are useful. The only real limitation is of course that the particular basic material selected must be water-soluble. lt has been found that 0.1 normal solutions of potassium, ammonium and sodium hydroxide serve as preferred alkaline baths. The concentration of the alkaline solution will vary depending on the desired pH. However, neither the concentration of basic material nor the particular degree of alkalinity is considered to be a critical factor. For instance, as noted above, preferred alkaline baths include an aqueous solution of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide as well as a weak base such as ammonium hydroxide. Alkaline solutions having a pH within the range of about 10 to 14 are acceptable for use according to the instant invention, including both the two step embodiment and the one-step embodiment discussed immediately hereinafter.
With respect to the above-described one-step embodiment of the present invention wherein the step of bathing the grained aluminum support in an alkaline bath is performed simultaneously with the further step of subjecting the aluminum support to bathing in an aqueous bath of soluble silver salt, it has been found preferable to use a bath containing a silver salt dissolved in ammonium hydroxide to which an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide has been subsequently added. Such a bath, wherein the silver salt, for example silver nitrate, is initially incorporated in the alkaline bath, upon contact with a grained aluminum support, results in a simple single step process for the production of nucleated aluminum receiving sheets.
The method of the present invention for deposition of the development nuclei wherein the grained aluminum surface is treated by bathing in an aqueous solution of the silver salt ensures that the amount of the silver nuclei deposited on the surface per unit area is low. Silver salt solutions which may be used in either the above described one-step or two-step embodiments contain between about 0.2 and 0.0005 mole of silver salt per litre.
The grained aluminum support (or foil as it is referred to in the art) utilized in the present invention can be prepared by any of a variety of well-known techniques. A suitably grained sheet bearing a fine sharp lithographic grain has been produced by a chemical etching technique, a suitable material for conventional platemaking being that sold commercially by Addressograph Multigraph. Other suitable techniques include mechanical brushing or grinding. In any event, a wide variety of diverse techniques are known and can be utilized. The fact that the foil is grained ensures that the foil is sufficiently hydrophilic and also ensures the absence of contaminants such as oil.
The following examples are included for a further understanding of the invention:
EXAMPLE 1 A brushed-grained aluminum support 0.005 inch thick is placed in an 0.5 percent aqueous bath of sodium hydroxide for 30 seconds at room temperature and the excess removed by water rinse.
Immediately, thereafter, the brushed grained aluminum support is placed in a 0.l N aqueous silver acetate bath for 30 seconds at room temperature, rinsed and dried.
The aforesaid nucleated aluminum support is then coated with an emulsion, contact exposed to a line positive, developed and further treated as described in British Pat. specification, Ser. No. 934,691, after which its press performance is that of a satisfactory lithographic printing plate.
EXAMPLE 2 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.] N aqueous silver lactate is substituted for the aqueous silver acetate bath.
EXAMPLE 3 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.1 N aqueous silver nitrate is substituted for the aqueous silver acetate bath.
EXAMPLE 4 In this example, a nucleated aluminum foil is prepared according to the process of example 1 except a solution of 0.5 percent aqueous potassium hydroxide is substituted for the sodium hydroxide bath.
EXAMPLE 5 In this example, concentrated ammonium hydroxide is added to 0.l N silver nitrate in sufficient excess quantity to form silver hydroxide and dissolve it. To this solution is added a 0.1 N solution of sodium hydroxide equivalent to the silver. The resultant aqueous alkaline solution already containing the silver salt completely dissolved therein is then used as a bathing solution. That is, a grained aluminum foil identical to that described in example 1 is bathed in the alkaline solution for one minute at room temperature, rinsed and dried.
The resultant grained aluminum support having silver nuclei deposited thereon is then further treated as described in example 1 above, the result of which is the production of a satisfac tor lithographic rinting plate.
he invention has been described in detail with particular reference to preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention as described hereinaloove and as set forth in the appended claims.
lclaim:
l. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support which comprises the steps of treating said grained aluminum support with an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths and subjecting said aluminum support to further treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution, thereby providing a nucleated aluminum support adaptable for use as a lithographic receiving sheet.
2. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to claim ll wherein the steps of treating the grained aluminum support with an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths and then subjecting said grained aluminum support to treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution are performed simultaneously by initially dissolving the silver salt in said bath thereby yielding a single step process.
3. A method for depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to claim 2 wherein the said bath consists of a alkaline silver nitrate solution containing ammonium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
4. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
5. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver acetate, and silver lactate.
6. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim I wherein the said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide; and wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver acetate, silver nitrate, and silver lactate.
7. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim ti) wherein said silver salt is silver nitrate.
Claims (6)
- 2. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to claim 1 wherein the steps of treating the grained aluminum support with an aqueous bath selected from the class consisting of the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and ammonium hydroxide baths and then subjecting said grained aluminum support to treatment with an aqueous silver salt solution are performed simultaneously by initially dissolving the silver salt in said bath thereby yielding a single step process.
- 3. A method for depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to claim 2 wherein the said bath consists of a alkaline silver nitrate solution containing ammonium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
- 4. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
- 5. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver acetate, and silver lactate.
- 6. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 1 wherein the said bath is a member selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide; and wherein the silver salt dissolved in said aqueous silver salt solution is a member selected from the group consisting of silver acetate, silver nitrate, and silver lactate.
- 7. A method of depositing development nuclei on a grained aluminum support according to the method of claim 6 wherein said silver salt is silver nitrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76185268A | 1968-09-23 | 1968-09-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3628978A true US3628978A (en) | 1971-12-21 |
Family
ID=25063421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US761852A Expired - Lifetime US3628978A (en) | 1968-09-23 | 1968-09-23 | Method of nucleating aluminum |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3628978A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE739221A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1947932A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2018645A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1274738A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4376157A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1983-03-08 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Photographic materials with two-dimensionally distributed precipitation nuclei |
| US5068165A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-11-26 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Lithographic aluminum offset printing plate made according to the dtr-process |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR960003723B1 (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1996-03-21 | 하라마 카세이 고오교오 가부시끼가이샤 | Method for forming a metal film on the surface of a substrate metal |
| GB8703376D0 (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1987-03-18 | Vickers Plc | Printing plate precursors |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2390944A (en) * | 1944-02-11 | 1945-12-11 | Lithographic Technical Foundat | Preparation of lithographic plates |
| GB934693A (en) * | 1958-08-29 | 1963-08-21 | Kodak Ltd | Making lithographic printing plates by the silver salt diffusion process |
| US3186842A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1965-06-01 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Diffusion transfer process for the manufacture of priniting plates |
| US3278958A (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1966-10-18 | Dick Co Ab | Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same |
-
1968
- 1968-09-23 US US761852A patent/US3628978A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-09-19 GB GB46212/69A patent/GB1274738A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-09-22 DE DE19691947932 patent/DE1947932A1/en active Pending
- 1969-09-22 FR FR6932100A patent/FR2018645A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-09-22 BE BE739221D patent/BE739221A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2390944A (en) * | 1944-02-11 | 1945-12-11 | Lithographic Technical Foundat | Preparation of lithographic plates |
| US3278958A (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1966-10-18 | Dick Co Ab | Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same |
| US3186842A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1965-06-01 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Diffusion transfer process for the manufacture of priniting plates |
| US3300306A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1967-01-24 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Process for the manufacture of printing plates |
| GB934693A (en) * | 1958-08-29 | 1963-08-21 | Kodak Ltd | Making lithographic printing plates by the silver salt diffusion process |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4376157A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1983-03-08 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Photographic materials with two-dimensionally distributed precipitation nuclei |
| US5068165A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-11-26 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Lithographic aluminum offset printing plate made according to the dtr-process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1947932A1 (en) | 1970-04-02 |
| FR2018645A1 (en) | 1970-06-26 |
| GB1274738A (en) | 1972-05-17 |
| BE739221A (en) | 1970-03-02 |
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