US3600238A - Method of manufacturing a composite part - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a composite part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3600238A US3600238A US737992A US3600238DA US3600238A US 3600238 A US3600238 A US 3600238A US 737992 A US737992 A US 737992A US 3600238D A US3600238D A US 3600238DA US 3600238 A US3600238 A US 3600238A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- content
- parts
- manufacturing
- composite part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12965—Both containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
Definitions
- the present invention concerns the manufacture of composite bodies comprising at least two parts which are required to have different, and frequently incompatible, mechanicaLproperties, for example machinability and increased toughness for one part, and an excellent wear resistance for the other part.
- the present invention has for an object the manufacture of such composite bodies by an improved, single process.
- the method according to the invention consists in making a part from cast iron or steel containing spheroidal graphite and a second part from self-hardening cast iron or steel, casting one of the parts in or on the other, and applying a heat treatment to the combination of the two parts.
- the method according to the invention may be used whenever it is required to manufacture a mechanical part wherein two elements should have distinct mechanical properties which may be incompatible, for example a fork for gear boxes, but is suitable in particular for the manu facture of rocker arms, such as those used .in high-speed motors, particularly in motors with overhead cam shafts.
- the rocker arm shown in the drawing comprises a readily machinable body 1 and a shoe 2 having an excellent resistance to wear.
- the shoe 2 is made by casting in a lost-wax mold a mass of cast iron having one of the following compositions:
- Percent Composition 0 Composi- Compositron D tion while controlling the percentage content of carbon and silicon of the cast iron in such a way as to obtain a laminary structure of mixed carbides and graphite.
- the shoe Patented Aug. 17, 1971 has a projection 3 provided with an anchoring aperture 4. The shoe is then placed in a mold for the body 1 and into this mold is poured, at, for example, 1400-1450 C., a cast iron or steel containing a spheroidal graphite having the following composition:
- the body 1 of the finished rocker arm has a hardness less than or equal to HR while the shoe 2 has a hardness greater than 55-56 HR
- the present invention also has for its object. by way of new industrial products, composite bodies, particularly rocker arms for motors with overhead camshafts, manufactured by the described process.
- a method of manufacturing a composite body including an easily machinable first part and a highly wearresistant second part comprising the steps of:
- first part from cast iron containing spheroidal graphite and consisting essentially of 3.3% to 3.8% carbon, 2.0% to 3.0% silicon and 0.4% to 0.8% manganese, balance iron;
- said second part has a chromium content of 1.1% to 1.3%, a molybdenum content of 0.3% to 0.8% and a copper content of 1.0% to 1.6%, with substantially no nickel, boron and tungsten.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE BODIES COMPRISING MAKING A FIRST PART FROM CAST IRON CONTAINING SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE AND A SECOND PAR FROM SELF-HARDENING CAST IRON, CASTING ONE OF THE PARTS IN OR ON THE OTHER PART AND APPLYING HEAT TO THE COMBINATION OF THE TWO PARTS.
Description
- 8- 1971 R. RAVENEL METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE PART Filed June 18, 1968 Raymond RAVEI'IEL Inventor 56ml 9 73m Attorney United States Patent 1 Int. C]. 322.1 25700; c210 5/00 US. Cl. 1483 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of manufacturing composite bodies comprising making a first part from cast iron containing spheroidal graphite and a second part from self-hardening cast iron, casting one of the parts in or on the other part and applying heat to the combination of the two parts.
The present invention concerns the manufacture of composite bodies comprising at least two parts which are required to have different, and frequently incompatible, mechanicaLproperties, for example machinability and increased toughness for one part, and an excellent wear resistance for the other part.
To obtain composite parts of this type, it is known to provide a cast core and to apply surfrace treatment to this core by induction or by heating, but this treatment is generally very difficult to carry out, because of the limited accessibility of the zone to be treated.
The present invention has for an object the manufacture of such composite bodies by an improved, single process.
The method according to the invention consists in making a part from cast iron or steel containing spheroidal graphite and a second part from self-hardening cast iron or steel, casting one of the parts in or on the other, and applying a heat treatment to the combination of the two parts.
The method according to the invention may be used whenever it is required to manufacture a mechanical part wherein two elements should have distinct mechanical properties which may be incompatible, for example a fork for gear boxes, but is suitable in particular for the manu facture of rocker arms, such as those used .in high-speed motors, particularly in motors with overhead cam shafts.
The sole figure of the accompanying drawing is an elevational view, partly in section, of a rocker arm adapted to be made by the method according to my invention.
The rocker arm shown in the drawing comprises a readily machinable body 1 and a shoe 2 having an excellent resistance to wear.
The shoe 2 is made by casting in a lost-wax mold a mass of cast iron having one of the following compositions:
Percent Composition 0 Composi- Compositron D tion while controlling the percentage content of carbon and silicon of the cast iron in such a way as to obtain a laminary structure of mixed carbides and graphite. The shoe Patented Aug. 17, 1971 has a projection 3 provided with an anchoring aperture 4. The shoe is then placed in a mold for the body 1 and into this mold is poured, at, for example, 1400-1450 C., a cast iron or steel containing a spheroidal graphite having the following composition:
C=3.33.8 percent Si=2.03.0 percent Mn=0.40.8 percent furnace to 800 C.:20 C., maintaining this temperature for about fifteen minutes, and hardening in still air or in blown air.
The body 1 of the finished rocker arm has a hardness less than or equal to HR while the shoe 2 has a hardness greater than 55-56 HR The present invention also has for its object. by way of new industrial products, composite bodies, particularly rocker arms for motors with overhead camshafts, manufactured by the described process.
Naturally the invention should not be considered as limited by the embodiment described and shown but covers, on the contrary, all variations coming within the scope of the appended claims.
I claim: 1. A method of manufacturing a composite body including an easily machinable first part and a highly wearresistant second part, comprising the steps of:
forming said first part from cast iron containing spheroidal graphite and consisting essentially of 3.3% to 3.8% carbon, 2.0% to 3.0% silicon and 0.4% to 0.8% manganese, balance iron;
forming said second part from self-hardening cast iron consisting essentially of 3.0% to 3.2% carbon, 1.9% to 2.2% silicon, 0.7% to 0.9% manganese, up to 1.3% chromium, up to 0.8% molybdenum, up to 1.6% copper, up to 1.6% nickel, up to 1.8% tungsten, up to 0.2% phosphorus, up to 0.1% sulphur, up to 0.1% boron, balance iron;
forming a composite body from said parts by casting one composition into contact with the other; heating said body for about 1 to 2 hours at a temperature of 900 0:20 C.;
cooling said body to a temperature of 800 C.- L20 C.;
maintaining said body at the last-mentioned temperature for about 15 minutes;
and cooling said body in air.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said second part has a chromium content of 1.1% to 1.3%, a molybdenum content of 0.3% to 0.8% and a copper content of 1.0% to 1.6%, with substantially no nickel, boron and tungsten.
3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said second part has a chromium content of 0.6% to 0.8%, a molybdenum content of 0.3% to 0.8%, a nickel content of 1.0% to 1.6% and a boron content of substantially 0.1%, with substantially no copper and tungsten.
4. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said second part has a chromium content of 1.1% to 1.3%, a nickel content of 1.4% to 1.6% and a tungsten content of 0.6% to 1.8%, with substantially no molybdenum, copper and boron.
5. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said second part has a chromium content of 1.1% to 1.3%, a molybdenum content of 0.3% to 0.8%, a copper content of 0.6% to 1.2% and a nickel content of 0.3% to 0.8%, with substantially no boron and tungsten.
6. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said second part has a chromium content of 1.1% to 1.3%, a molyb- 4 denum content of 0.3% to 0.8% and a nickel content of 3,194,642 7/1965 Bates et a1. 29-196.1X 1.0% to 1.6%, with substantially no copper, boron and 3,502,057 3/1970 Thompson 148-34X tungsten.
7. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said first OTFIERBEFERENCES part is cast upon Said Second part 5 Physlcal and Engmeermg Properties of Cast Iron, British Cast Iron Research Assoc., 1960, pp. 358-365.
CHARLES N. LOVELL, Primary Examiner References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,184,518 12/1939 Eash et a1. 14834X 10 2,770,871 11/1956 Demalander 29196.1 29-196.1;14834,35, 127, 138
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR112603A FR1537769A (en) | 1967-06-30 | 1967-06-30 | Composite parts manufacturing process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3600238A true US3600238A (en) | 1971-08-17 |
Family
ID=8634204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US737992A Expired - Lifetime US3600238A (en) | 1967-06-30 | 1968-06-18 | Method of manufacturing a composite part |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3600238A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1537769A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1176283A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE330547B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50121017U (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1975-10-03 | ||
| US4003451A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1977-01-18 | Qiv Incorporated | Low noise brake shoe for track retarder |
| US4032334A (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1977-06-28 | Stanadyne, Inc. | Tappet metallurgy |
| US4153017A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-05-08 | Stanadyne, Inc. | Alloyed chilled iron |
| US4955121A (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1990-09-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing a rocker arm for use in an internal combustion engine |
| WO2001020050A1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-03-22 | Quebec Metal Powders Ltd. | Iron-graphite composite powders and sintered articles produced therefrom |
-
1967
- 1967-06-30 FR FR112603A patent/FR1537769A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-06-13 GB GB28077/68A patent/GB1176283A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-06-14 SE SE08100/68A patent/SE330547B/xx unknown
- 1968-06-18 US US737992A patent/US3600238A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50121017U (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1975-10-03 | ||
| US4003451A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1977-01-18 | Qiv Incorporated | Low noise brake shoe for track retarder |
| US4032334A (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1977-06-28 | Stanadyne, Inc. | Tappet metallurgy |
| US4153017A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-05-08 | Stanadyne, Inc. | Alloyed chilled iron |
| US4955121A (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1990-09-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing a rocker arm for use in an internal combustion engine |
| WO2001020050A1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2001-03-22 | Quebec Metal Powders Ltd. | Iron-graphite composite powders and sintered articles produced therefrom |
| US6358298B1 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2002-03-19 | Quebec Metal Powders Limited | Iron-graphite composite powders and sintered articles produced therefrom |
| EP1398391A3 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2005-05-04 | Quebec Metal Powders Ltd. | Iron-graphite composite powders and sintered articles produced therefrom |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1752672B2 (en) | 1977-02-24 |
| GB1176283A (en) | 1970-01-01 |
| DE1752672A1 (en) | 1971-07-08 |
| FR1537769A (en) | 1968-08-30 |
| SE330547B (en) | 1970-11-23 |
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