US3695334A

US3695334A - Method and apparatus for casting with revolving magnetic field controlling pouring

Info

Publication number: US3695334A
Application number: US90520A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alexandr Vasilievich Khripkov; Lev Borukhovich Shenderov; Igor Borisovich Kazarinov
Original assignee: GORKOYSKY TSNII METALLURG I SV
Current assignee: GORKOYSKY FILIAL TSENTRALNOGO NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKOGO INST METALLURGII I SVARKI; GORKOYSKY TSNII METALLURG I SV
Priority date: 1970-11-18
Filing date: 1970-11-18
Publication date: 1972-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1989-10-03

Abstract

An apparatus for casting molten metal from a casting container having an outlet hole, comprises a batching container which is connected at the bottom of the casting container so that the outlet hole of the casting container is off-set from a vertical axis of the batching container towards the periphery thereof; the batching container is provided with means to generate a rotating electromagnetic field in a peripheral direction thereof to impart rotation to the metal in the batching container and to develop under the effect of centrifugal forces a counterpressure to the thrust of the metal coming into the batching container; casting of molten metal is effected from the central portion of the batching container, variation of the induction of the rotating electromagnetic field causing a variation of the rotation speed of the metal and, together with the latter, of the counterpressure to the thrust of the metal being supplied to said batching container, said counterpressure determining the batching of metal. The apparatus is characterized in that the batching container provided has an upper cover to close the container and form a chamber, the cover being provided with an entry aperture substantially near the periphery of the batching container and communicating with the outlet hole of a casting container; said cover of the batching container is also provided with a conduit for the exit of molten metal whose inlet opening is arranged in the central portion of the cover, while surrounding the batching container there is provided a means to generate a rotating magnetic field.

Description

United States Patent [151 3,695,334 Khripkov et a1. [4 Oct. 3, 1972 [54] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING WITH REVOLVING [57] ABSTRACT FIELD CONTROLLING An apparatus for casting molten metal from a casting [72] Inventors: Alexandr Vasilievich Khripkov, Lev

Borukhovich Shenderov, Igor Borisovich Kazarinov, all of Gorky,

V U.S.S.R. H 7 [73] Assignee: Gorkoysky Filial Tsentralnogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta metallurgii i Svarki, Gorky, U.S.S.R. [22] Filed: Nov. 18, 1970 [21] App1.No.: 90,520

[52] US. Cl. ..164/49, 164/147, 164/337, 222/1, 222/544 [51] Int. Cl. ..B22d 27/02 [58] Field of Search, ..164/49, 133, 147, 337, 335,

164/250, 251; 266/38; 222/DIG. 2, 15, l, 544

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,707,720 5/1955 Tama ..266/38 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 742,328 11/1943 Germany ..164/337 Primary Examiner-Robert D. Baldwin Attorney-Holman & Stern container having an outlet hole, comprises a batching container which is connected at the bottom of the casting container so that the outlet hole of the casting container is off-set from a vertical axis of the batching container towards the periphery thereof; the batching container is provided with means to generate a rotating electromagnetic field in a peripheral direction thereof to impart rotation to the metal in the batching container and to develop under the effect of centrifugal forces a counterpressure to the thrust of the metal coming into the batching container; casting of molten metal is effected from the central portion of the batching container, variation of the induction of the rotating electromagnetic field causing a variation of the rotation speed of the metal and, together with the latter, of the counterpressure to the thrust of the metal being supplied to said batching container, said counterpressure determining the batching of metal. The apparatus is characterized in that the batching container provided has an upper cover to close the container and form a chamber, the cover being provided with an entry aperture substantially near the periphery of the batching container and communicating with the outlet hole of a casting container; said cover of the batching container is also provided with a conduit for the exit of molten metal whose inlet opening is arranged in the central portion of the cover, while surrounding the batching container there is provided a means to generate a rotating magnetic field.

2 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of casting metal from a container and to an apparatus for accomplishing said method.

DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART At present, most widely employed in the metallurgical production of non-ferrous and ferrous metals is a method of casting metals and alloys from a casting container through a refractory nozzle disposed in the bottom of the casting container. The batching of metal in this case is effected with the aid of a stopper adapted to close fully or partly the hole of the casting nozzle, both the stopper and the nozzle being of refracting materials.

Said known method suffers from a number of disadvantages, namely:

unreliability of the refractory material of the stopper, for, in the course of casting, the repeated closure of the stopper and resulting mechanical stresses, as well as chemical reactions and thermal stresses, result in the destruction of the refractory material of the stopper which, in turn, brings about the losses of metal and causes accidents; also an all-round automation of the casting process is impracticable with such apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to develop a method of casting metal from a container and a device for accomplishing said method, that would ensure trouble-free operation.

Another object of the invention is to develop a method of casting metal from a container and a device for accomplishing said method, that would provide adequate conditions for an all-round automation of the casting process.

The present invention provides a novel method of casting molten metal from a casting container through an eccentric bottom-casting hole, wherein, according to thepresent invention, to the bottom of a casting container there is connected a batching container so that the casting hole of the casting container is shifted from the vertical axis of the batching container towards the periphery thereof, a winding means is provided to generate a rotating electromagnetic field around the batching container to impart rotation to the molten metal therein and to develop under the effect of centrifugal forces a counterpressure to the gravitational thrust of metal being supplied to said batching container from the casting container; the induction of the rotating electromagnetic field is varied, thereby, causing variation in the speed of rotation of the molten metal and the consequent variation in the counterpressure to the thrust of metal being supplied to said container, said counter-pressure determining the batching of metal.

The apparatus of the invention expediently consists in a device designated to accomplish the proposed method, comprising a casting container with a bottom hole. According to the invention, in said device provision is made of a closed batching container having in the upper portion of its cover a hole shifted from its vertical axis towards its periphery and communicating with the hole of the casting container, said cover being also provided with a conduit for the exit of molten metal whose inlet opening is located in the central portion of the cover, while surrounding the batching container there is arranged a means to generate a rotating magnetic field.

As a result of the present invention, there has been developed a method of casting metal from a container, and a device for accomplishing said method, which provide a trouble-free operation when casting metal and help provide conditions for all-round automation of the casting process.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood upon considering the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing which illustrates in vertical section a device for casting metal, embodying the present invention.

A casting container 1 filled with molten metal 2 is communicated by a bottom hole 3 of a casting nozzle 4 with a hole 5 of a closed batching container 6, said 5 hole being shifted'towards the periphery with respect to the axis [-1 of said batching container.

Arranged around the batching container 6 is a coil winding means supplied by an alternating current source, serving to generate a rotating electromagnetic field which sets to rotation the molten metal 2 in the batching container 6.

For the removal of metal from the batching container 6 to a mould 8, a conduit 10 having its inlet opening located at the center of the cover, on the axis I- I of the batching container 6 is provided in cover 9 of the batching container.

Prior to tapping the metal from a melting unit (not shown in the drawing) into the casting container 1, the hole 3 is closed by any conventional means, for example, by means of a stopper 1 l.

Casting and batching the metal is effected in the following manner.

After the casting container 1 has been placed above the mould 8, the hole 3 of the casting nozzle 4, which interconnects the casting container 1 with the batching container 6, is kept open. Metal from the casting container 1 is supplied via the aligned

holes

3 and 5 to the batching container 6 from which it is poured via the opening of the conduit 10 into the mould 8.

As the mould 8 is being filled, at the moment the consumption of metal should be reduced or its flow discontinued, voltage is applied to the coil winding means 7 to generate a rotating electromagnetic field which sets the metal in the batching container 6-to rotation about the vertical axis.

Under the effect of centrifugal forces developed in the peripheral areas of the batching container 6, via the hole 3 there is created a counterpressure against the gravitational thrust of the metal 2 in the casting container 1, under the effect of which counter-pressure the metal flow rate through the conduit 10 is reduced, or discontinued when the mould 8 is filled with metal.

The batching of metal is effected by varying the induction of the rotating magnetic field, which results in a variation of the speed of the metal rotation and, consequently, of the counterpressure to the thrust of metal being supplied to the batching container 6.

If a low flow rate of metal is required, for example, when charging the moulds 8 manufactured from moulding materials liable to erosion under a high metallostatic pressure in the casting container 6, which might lead to the production of defective castings, the whole casting process is carried out with the counterpressure developed by the rotating magnetic field.

After the mould 8 has been filled, the casting container l with the metal 2 is conveyed to a subsequent mould or (in case the casting container is stationary) the mould is brought to the casting container, for example, using a conveyor.

The casting operation over, coil winding means 7 serving to generate the rotating magnetic field is deenergized, while during the next casting the operations are repeated as described hereinabove.

We claim: 1. A method of casting molten metal from a casting container through a casting hole at the bottom of said casting container by controlling outflow of molten metal through said casting hole, comprising:

arranging a closed batching container below said casting container and providing the batching container with an inlet hole substantially at a periphery of the batching container, said inlet hole being aligned with said casting hole in a liquidtight manner for inflow of molten metal from said casting container into said batching container;

providing an outlet at substantially a central region of said batching container for controlled metal outflow therefrom to be cast into moulds;

causing a revolving magnetic field around a periphery of said batching container about a vertical axis thereof by a coil winding means disposed peripherally of said batching container so as to cause rotational movements in the molten metal in said batching container to result in centrifugal forces thereon which centrifugal forces prevent inflow of molten metal into said batching container through said inlet hole thereof;

and interrupting said revolving magnetic field so as to stop the centrifugal forces and admit metal inflow into said batching container so as to cause a controlled metal outflow therefrom when it is desired to pour metal into the moulds.

2. An apparatus for casting molten metal from a casting container and interrupting metal outflow therefrom as desired, comprising:

a casting container adapted to hold molten metal and having a casting hole at the bottom thereof;

a closed batching container having a closed cavity about its vertical axis an inlet hole at substantially a periphery of said batching container and aligned with said casting hole to form a liquid-tight passage from said casting container to said batching container;

an outlet means providing an exit for molten metal from a region substantially near the said vertical axis of the batching container, to pour molten metal into casting moulds;

and means to generate a revolving magnetic field around said batchin container so as to induce rotational movemen of molten metal in the direction of said revolving magnetic field, whereby, because of centrifugal forces developed in the molten metal which revolves, inflow of molten metal into the batching container is impeded and controlled, and with an increased strength of said revolving magnetic field and a resultant increased centrifugal force, said inflow of molten metal into the batching container stops altogether, thereby stopping exit of molten metal from said outlet means.

Claims

1. A method of casting molten metal from a casting container through a casting hole at the bottom of said casting container by controlling outflow of molten metal through said casting hole, comprising: arranging a closed batching container below said casting container and providing the batching container with an inlet hole substantially at a periphery of the batching container, said inlet hole being aligned with said casting hole in a liquid-tight manner for inflow of molten metal from said casting container into said batching container; providing an outlet at substantially a central region of said batching container for controlled metal outflow therefrom to be cast into moulds; causing a revolving magnetic field around a periphery of said batching container about a vertical axis thereof by a coil winding means disposed peripherally of said batching container so as to cause rotational movements in the molten metal in said batching container to result in centrifugal forces thereon which centrifugal forces prevent inflow of molten metal into said batching container through said inlet hole thereof; and interrupting said revolving magnetic field so as to stop the centrifugal forces and admit metal inflow into said batching container so as to cause a controlled metal outflow therefrom when it is desired to pour metal into the moulds.

2. An apparatus for casting molten metal from a casting container and interrupting metal outflow therefrom as desired, comprising: a casting container adapted to hold molten metal and having a casting hole at the bottom thereof; a closed batching container having a closed cavity about its vertical axis an inlet hole at substantially a periphery of said batching container and aligned with said casting hole to form a liquid-tight passage from said casting container to said batching container; an outlet means providing an exit for molten metal from a region substantially near the said vertical axis of the batching container, to pour molten metal into casting moulds; and means to generate a revolving magnetic field around said batching container so as to induce rotational movements of molten metal in the direction of said revolving magnetic field, whereby, because of centrifugal forces developed in the molten metal which revolves, inflow of molten metal into the batching container is impeded and controlled, and with an increased strength of said revolving magnetic field and a resultant increased centrifugal force, said inflow of molten metal into the batching container stops altogether, thereby stopping exit of molten metal from said outlet means.