US3663230A - Light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsions - Google Patents
Light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsions Download PDFInfo
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- US3663230A US3663230A US832478A US3663230DA US3663230A US 3663230 A US3663230 A US 3663230A US 832478 A US832478 A US 832478A US 3663230D A US3663230D A US 3663230DA US 3663230 A US3663230 A US 3663230A
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- light
- silver halide
- emulsion
- sensitive silver
- halide photographic
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- USEUJPGSYMRJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;4-methylphenol Chemical compound O=C.CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 USEUJPGSYMRJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1717603 Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=C(O)N2N=CN=C21 ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BXCCKEJWQJEUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;4-nonylphenol Chemical compound O=C.CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BXCCKEJWQJEUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMHJJUOPOWPRBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)N)=CC=CC2=C1 RMHJJUOPOWPRBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
- G03C1/043—Polyalkylene oxides; Polyalkylene sulfides; Polyalkylene selenides; Polyalkylene tellurides
Definitions
- the present inventors made various studies to find that when ethylene oxide addition polymers of alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensates are incorporated into photographic silver halide emulsion layers or into layers adjacent to said emulsion layers, the films can be increased in gamma, effective sensitivity and maximum density with good stability and without fogging even when the films have been stored at high temperatures.
- the compounds employed in the present invention have such features that they do not increase fog of silver halide emulsions due to lapse of time, are scarcely increased in amount to be added and hence are easily usable, and can improve the characteristics of photographic emulsions. Particularly, they show such prominent effects that they can give marked increase in maximum density and gamma which cannot be attained by use of conventional polyalkylene oxide compounds.
- ethylene oxide addition polymers of alkylene-phenolformaldehyde condensates employed in the present invention are formed by the polymerization of structural units represented by the formula,
- R is an alkyl group
- R is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n is an integer of l to 100, and those in which said structural units have been polymerized to an average polymerization degree in the range of 2 to are preferable.
- These polymers are such that all the alkyl groups represented by R which are bonded to benzene nuclei of the structural units may be same or different.
- These compounds can be synthesized according to the methods disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,454,54l. Generally, the compounds are viscous paste-like, wax-like or semi-solid resins, and are soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, benzene and the like.
- Compound 1 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 15 moles ofethylene oxide. ISSUE.
- Compound 2 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 8 moles of ethylene oxide. n 15199.
- Compound 3 Compound prepared by addition-polymeriz ing nonylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 16 moles of ethylene oxide. 14928.
- Compound 4 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing octylpheno1formaldehyde resin with 15 moles of ethylene oxide. n 14917.
- Compound 5 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-octadecylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 100 moles of ethylene oxide. m.p. 5849 C.
- Compound 6 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing nonylphenol-p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 15 moles of ethylene oxide. a 14904.
- Compound 7 Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-nonylphenol-dinonylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 30 moles of ethylene oxide. ri 14896.
- the compounds employed in the present invention may be added at any time during the second ripening step. Ordinarily, however, it is preferable to add after completion of the second ripening. in adding the compounds, they are dissolved in water or in a water-miscible organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol and are added to photographic emulsion layers or layers adjacent thereto.
- the amounts of the compounds to be added vary depending on the kind of the compounds or lightsensitive materials employed, but are ordinarily within the range of0.0l g. 3 g. per kg. of silver halide emulsion.
- the compounds employed in the present invention can be applied to any type of silver halide emulsions such as silver chlorobromide, silver iodobromide and the like emulsions.
- These emulsions may have been subjected to gold sensitization, chemical sensitization, or spectral sensitization or supersenitization by use of spectral sensitizing dyes. Further, they may have been incorporated with various types of stabilizers, hardeners and surface active agents.
- the compounds employed in the present invention are applicable not only to black and white photographic emulsions but also to color photographic emulsions containing couplers.
- EXAMPLE 1 An emulsion for neutral process negative comprising 5 mole percent of silver iodide and mole percent of silver bromide was subjected to second ripening to attain the maximum sensitivity by means of a sulfur sensitizer and a gold sensitizer. Thereafter, the emulsion was divided into portions of g. each in weight. To each of the divided emulsions were individually added the present compounds shown in Table 1. After adding a suitable amount of saponin as a coating aid, each emulsion was uniformly coated under the same conditions onto a cellulose triacetate film base to prepare a sample.
- the sample was exposed to light by means of a sensitometer KS-l (Manufactured and sold by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.) at Lux, 5,400 K and was then developed at 20 C. for 5 minutes with a developer of the following composition:
- the sensitivity was represented by a relative sensitivity measured in the case where the sensitivity of nonaddition compound (Sample No. 4) was regarded as 100.
- EXAMPLE 2 The same high sensitivity emulsion as in Example 1 was divided, after completion of the second ripening, into portions of 100 g. each in weight. To each portion were individually added the present compounds as set forth in Table 2. Subsequently, 20 mg. per 100 g. of emulsion of 4-hydroxy-6- methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetrazaindene as a stabilizer was added, and then suitable amounts of a hardener and a coating aid were added to prepare an emulsion. This emulsion was uniformly coated on a cellulose triacetate film base and was then dried. Samples obtained in the above manner were subjected to incubation test at high temperature and humidity to obtain the results as set forth in Table 2. For comparison, a compound of the formula t ii (disclosed in British Pat. No. 805,826) was used to prepare a control sample.
- t ii (disclosed in British Pat. No. 805,826) was used to prepare a control sample.
- the samples in accordance with the present invention give excellent light-sensitive photographic materials which are less in formation of fog due to lapse of time and free from degradation in sensitivity even when stored under severe conditions.
- each sample was subjected to ordinary stopping, fixing, water-washing and bleaching treatments, was washed with flowing water for 20 minutes and was then dried to obtain a cyan image.
- the thus obtained cyan image was subjected to sensitometry to obtain the results as set forth in Table 3.
- the present compound was 100.
- a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion which contains a sensitizing amount of an ethylene oxide addition polymer of an alkylphenol-formalde hyde condensate, said polymer consisting of the recurrent structural unit of the formula Allowed to stand for 3 days under environmental Allowed to stand at C.
- the sensitivity is a relative sensitivity measured by assuming that the sensitivity of non-addition sample (Sample No. 8) was 100.
- EXAMPLE 3 immediately before completion of the ripening, the emulsion 60 was divided into portions of 100 g. each in weight, and the present compounds as shown in Table 3 were individually added to each of the divided emulsions.
- each emulsion was charged with a solution prepared by dissolving at an elevated temperature l-hydroxy- 2-N[5(2,4-di-tert-amylphenoxy)butyl] naphthoamide as an internal cyan coupler in a mixture of dLN-butyl phthalate and ethyl acetate, and was emulsified and dispersed by use of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate in a gelatine solution.
- R is an alkyl group
- R is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n is an integer of l to I00, and having an average polymerization degree in the range of 2 to 10.
- a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material which comprises a film support and, coated thereon, a layer of the emulsion as claimed in claim 2.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
Abstract
WHEREIN R1 is an alkyl group; R2 is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is an integer of 1 to 100, and having an average polymerization degree in the range of 2 to 10, has been found effective as a sensitizer for a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion, without causing any adverse effect on photographic properties.
An ethylene oxide addition polymer of an alkylphenolformaldehyde condensate, said polymer consisting of the recurrent structural unit of the formula
An ethylene oxide addition polymer of an alkylphenolformaldehyde condensate, said polymer consisting of the recurrent structural unit of the formula
Description
United States Patent Sato et al.
[ 1 May 16, 1972 [54] LIGHT-SENSITIVE SILVER HALIDE PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS [72] Inventors: Shul Sato; Masao Ishihara, both of Tokyo; Eiichi Sakamoto, Hanno-shi; Masayuki Shono; Osakazu Sugino, both of Tokyo, all of Japan Konishiroku Photo Industry (30., Ltd., Tokyo,.lapan [22] Filed: Junel1,l969
[21] Appl.No.: 832,478
[73] Assignee:
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 12, [968 Japan ..43/39937 [52} US. CL... ..96/l07, 96/109, 96/114 [51] lnt.Cl A. v.G03c 1/28, G036 1/34, G030 H04 [581 Field ofSearch ..96/109, 107,114
[ 56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,173,790 3/l965 Dersch et al ..96/l09 Primary Examiner- Norman G. Torchin Assistant Examiner-Richard E, Fichter Attorney-Waters, Roditi & Schwartz [57] ABSTRACT An ethylene oxide addition polymer of an alkylphenolformaldehyde condensate, said polymer consisting of the recur rent structural unit of the formula 5 Claims, No Drawings LIGHT-SENSITIVE SILVER HALIDE PHOTOGRAPI'IIC EMULSIONS This invention relates to the enhancement in light sensitivity of light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsions. More particularly, the invention pertains to light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsions containing ethylene oxide addition polymers of alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensates.
Heretofore, there have been proposed many processes for enhancing the light sensitivity of light-sensitive silver halide emulsions. Typical as such processes are chemical sensitization processes using sulfur compounds capable of forming silver sulfide, or using suitable reducing substances or noble metal salts. Further, it is well known that the light sensitivity can be further increased by using a combination of said compounds. [Refer to, for example, The Theory of The Photographic Process, 3rd Edition (I967), pages 1 13-117]. Another well known chemical sensitization process is the process using polyalkylene oxide compounds having a molecular weight of at least 300. However, all these known sensitizers are restricted in the amount to be added to emulsions and, in case the amounts thereof exceed a definite limit, there are brought about such drawbacks that photographic films prepared by use of such emulsions are greatly increased in fog and are low in stability during storage at high temperatures. Moreover, there are such difficulties that the fog is high in degree and cannot be controlled even when anti-fogging agents are incorporated into the emulsions.
in view of the above, the present inventors made various studies to find that when ethylene oxide addition polymers of alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensates are incorporated into photographic silver halide emulsion layers or into layers adjacent to said emulsion layers, the films can be increased in gamma, effective sensitivity and maximum density with good stability and without fogging even when the films have been stored at high temperatures.
The compounds employed in the present invention have such features that they do not increase fog of silver halide emulsions due to lapse of time, are scarcely increased in amount to be added and hence are easily usable, and can improve the characteristics of photographic emulsions. Particularly, they show such prominent effects that they can give marked increase in maximum density and gamma which cannot be attained by use of conventional polyalkylene oxide compounds.
The ethylene oxide addition polymers of alkylene-phenolformaldehyde condensates employed in the present invention are formed by the polymerization of structural units represented by the formula,
wherein R, is an alkyl group; R is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is an integer of l to 100, and those in which said structural units have been polymerized to an average polymerization degree in the range of 2 to are preferable. These polymers are such that all the alkyl groups represented by R which are bonded to benzene nuclei of the structural units may be same or different. These compounds can be synthesized according to the methods disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,454,54l. Generally, the compounds are viscous paste-like, wax-like or semi-solid resins, and are soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, benzene and the like.
Typical as such compounds are set forth below, but compounds usable in the present invention are not limited to these.
Compound 1: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 15 moles ofethylene oxide. ISSUE.
Compound 2: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 8 moles of ethylene oxide. n 15199.
Compound 3: Compound prepared by addition-polymeriz ing nonylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 16 moles of ethylene oxide. 14928.
Compound 4: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing octylpheno1formaldehyde resin with 15 moles of ethylene oxide. n 14917.
Compound 5: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-octadecylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 100 moles of ethylene oxide. m.p. 5849 C.
Compound 6: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing nonylphenol-p-cresol-formaldehyde resin with 15 moles of ethylene oxide. a 14904.
Compound 7: Compound prepared by addition-polymerizing p-nonylphenol-dinonylphenol-formaldehyde resin with 30 moles of ethylene oxide. ri 14896.
The compounds employed in the present invention may be added at any time during the second ripening step. Ordinarily, however, it is preferable to add after completion of the second ripening. in adding the compounds, they are dissolved in water or in a water-miscible organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol and are added to photographic emulsion layers or layers adjacent thereto. The amounts of the compounds to be added vary depending on the kind of the compounds or lightsensitive materials employed, but are ordinarily within the range of0.0l g. 3 g. per kg. of silver halide emulsion.
The compounds employed in the present invention can be applied to any type of silver halide emulsions such as silver chlorobromide, silver iodobromide and the like emulsions. These emulsions may have been subjected to gold sensitization, chemical sensitization, or spectral sensitization or supersenitization by use of spectral sensitizing dyes. Further, they may have been incorporated with various types of stabilizers, hardeners and surface active agents.
The compounds employed in the present invention are applicable not only to black and white photographic emulsions but also to color photographic emulsions containing couplers.
The present invention will be illustrated in detail below with reference to examples.
EXAMPLE 1 An emulsion for neutral process negative comprising 5 mole percent of silver iodide and mole percent of silver bromide was subjected to second ripening to attain the maximum sensitivity by means of a sulfur sensitizer and a gold sensitizer. Thereafter, the emulsion was divided into portions of g. each in weight. To each of the divided emulsions were individually added the present compounds shown in Table 1. After adding a suitable amount of saponin as a coating aid, each emulsion was uniformly coated under the same conditions onto a cellulose triacetate film base to prepare a sample. The sample was exposed to light by means of a sensitometer KS-l (Manufactured and sold by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.) at Lux, 5,400 K and was then developed at 20 C. for 5 minutes with a developer of the following composition:
(in application. the developer was diluted with water to l l).
Thereafter, each sample was subjected to sensitometry to obtain the results set forth in Table 1.
TABLE] Amount Sample Compound mg/lOO g. Sensi- Maximum No, added emulsion tivity Gamma density Fog 1 Compound 2 60 107 0.90 2.10 0.06 2 Compound 4 60 120 1.00 2.29 0.06 3 Compound 6 60 124 1.10 2.31 0.07 4 Non-addition 100 0.80 2.02 0.06
[n the table, the sensitivity was represented by a relative sensitivity measured in the case where the sensitivity of nonaddition compound (Sample No. 4) was regarded as 100.
As is clear from Table 1, it is understood that in accordance with the present invention, light-sensitive photographic materials improved in sensitivity, gamma and maximum density can be obtained.
EXAMPLE 2 The same high sensitivity emulsion as in Example 1 was divided, after completion of the second ripening, into portions of 100 g. each in weight. To each portion were individually added the present compounds as set forth in Table 2. Subsequently, 20 mg. per 100 g. of emulsion of 4-hydroxy-6- methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetrazaindene as a stabilizer was added, and then suitable amounts of a hardener and a coating aid were added to prepare an emulsion. This emulsion was uniformly coated on a cellulose triacetate film base and was then dried. Samples obtained in the above manner were subjected to incubation test at high temperature and humidity to obtain the results as set forth in Table 2. For comparison, a compound of the formula t ii (disclosed in British Pat. No. 805,826) was used to prepare a control sample.
The samples in accordance with the present invention give excellent light-sensitive photographic materials which are less in formation of fog due to lapse of time and free from degradation in sensitivity even when stored under severe conditions.
TABLE 2 N-Ethyl-N-B-methanesulfonamidoethyl-3-methylaminoaniline sulfate 5.0 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) 2.0 g. Sodium carbonate (monohydrate) g.
Potassium bromide 1.0 g. Benzyl alcohol 3.8 gv Sodium hydroxide 5.5 g. Water to make 1,000 cc.
Thereafter, each sample was subjected to ordinary stopping, fixing, water-washing and bleaching treatments, was washed with flowing water for 20 minutes and was then dried to obtain a cyan image. The thus obtained cyan image was subjected to sensitometry to obtain the results as set forth in Table 3.
the present compound was 100.
From the table, it is understood that the present compounds are effectively applied also to coupler-containing emulsions.
What we claim is:
l. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion which contains a sensitizing amount of an ethylene oxide addition polymer of an alkylphenol-formalde hyde condensate, said polymer consisting of the recurrent structural unit of the formula Allowed to stand for 3 days under environmental Allowed to stand at C.
Allowed to stand'at 50 C.
and RH. of
conditions for 3 days for 3 days Amount Sample Compound (mg.,l g. Sensi- Maximum Sensi- Maximum Sensi- Maximum 0. ad ed emulsion) tivity Density Fog tivity density Fog tivity density Fog Compound 1. 120 106 1. 07 0. 05 110 2. 00 0.06 105 2. 00 0. 06 Compound 5. 60 130 2. 20 0. 00 130 2. 27 0. 07 135 2. 23 0. 06 Compound 7.. 100 2.10 0.05 2.13 0.06 120 2.12 0.06 Control 60 110 1. 92 0.06 105 1. 00 0. 07 110 1. 87 0. 06 8 Non-addition 100 1.90 0. 05 105 1. .15 (1.06 100 1. 00 0. ()6
Nora-In the table, the sensitivity is a relative sensitivity measured by assuming that the sensitivity of non-addition sample (Sample No. 8) was 100.
EXAMPLE 3 immediately before completion of the ripening, the emulsion 60 was divided into portions of 100 g. each in weight, and the present compounds as shown in Table 3 were individually added to each of the divided emulsions. After completion of the ripening, each emulsion was charged with a solution prepared by dissolving at an elevated temperature l-hydroxy- 2-N[5(2,4-di-tert-amylphenoxy)butyl] naphthoamide as an internal cyan coupler in a mixture of dLN-butyl phthalate and ethyl acetate, and was emulsified and dispersed by use of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate in a gelatine solution. Subsequently, the emulsion was incorporated with a hardener, and was then uniformly coated on a cellulose triacetate film support, followed by drying, to prepare a sample. Each sample thus prepared was exposed in the same manner as in Example I and was then developed at 20 C. for H) minutes with a color developer of the following composition:
wherein R, is an alkyl group; R, is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is an integer of l to I00, and having an average polymerization degree in the range of 2 to 10.
2. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a color coupler.
3. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said emulsion has been sensitized by way of noble metal sensitizers, sulfur sensitizers, reduction sensitizers or polyalkylene oxide type sensitizers.
4. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, further including stabilizers, surface active agents, coating aids or hardeners.
5. A light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material which comprises a film support and, coated thereon, a layer of the emulsion as claimed in claim 2.
it If 0
Claims (4)
- 2. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a color coupler.
- 3. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said emulsion has been sensitized by way of noble metal sensitizers, sulfur sensitizers, reduction sensitizers or polyalkylene oxide type sensitizers.
- 4. A light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion as claimed in claim 1, further including stabilizers, surface active agents, coating aids or hardeners.
- 5. A light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material which comprises a film support and, coated thereon, a layer of the emulsion as claimed in claim 2.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3993768 | 1968-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3663230A true US3663230A (en) | 1972-05-16 |
Family
ID=12566845
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US832478A Expired - Lifetime US3663230A (en) | 1968-06-12 | 1969-06-11 | Light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsions |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3663230A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1929039C3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1233976A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5512270A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-04-30 | Duke University | Method of inhibiting oxidants using alkylaryl polyether alcohol polymers |
| US5840277A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1998-11-24 | Charlotte Hospital Authority | Treatment of chronic pulmonary inflammation |
| US5849263A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1998-12-15 | Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority | Pharmaceutical compositions containing alkylaryl polyether alcohol polymer |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5225251B2 (en) * | 1972-11-29 | 1977-07-06 | ||
| DE4433637A1 (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-03-28 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Color photographic silver halide material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3173790A (en) * | 1962-09-19 | 1965-03-16 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Silver halide emusions containing polyoxyalkylene sensitizers |
-
1969
- 1969-06-07 DE DE1929039A patent/DE1929039C3/en not_active Expired
- 1969-06-11 US US832478A patent/US3663230A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-06-12 GB GB1233976D patent/GB1233976A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3173790A (en) * | 1962-09-19 | 1965-03-16 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Silver halide emusions containing polyoxyalkylene sensitizers |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5512270A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-04-30 | Duke University | Method of inhibiting oxidants using alkylaryl polyether alcohol polymers |
| US5840277A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1998-11-24 | Charlotte Hospital Authority | Treatment of chronic pulmonary inflammation |
| US5849263A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1998-12-15 | Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority | Pharmaceutical compositions containing alkylaryl polyether alcohol polymer |
| US6024940A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 2000-02-15 | Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority | Treatment of chronic pulmonary inflammation |
| US6165445A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 2000-12-26 | Charlotte-Mecklenburg Hospital Authority | Pharmaceutical compositions containing alkylaryl polyether alcohol polymer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1929039B2 (en) | 1974-01-17 |
| GB1233976A (en) | 1971-06-03 |
| DE1929039A1 (en) | 1970-01-08 |
| DE1929039C3 (en) | 1974-08-15 |
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